Report of multiple abuse against older adults in three Brazilian cities.

This study analyses the multiple abuse against older adults reported to the elder abuse police units of three Brazilian cities from 2009 to 2013. This is a longitudinal and retrospective study carried out through the analysis of police reports (PRs) in the elder abuse police units of three Brazilian cities: Ribeirão Preto (SP), Teresina (PI), and João Pessoa (PB). Descriptive statistical analysis consisted of absolute and percentage frequencies. The chi-square test, Fisher's Exact test, and Relative Risk (RR) were used to analyze the data, with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and a significance of 5%. A total of 2,313 reports of older adult abuse were analyzed, of which 245 (10.6%) were related to reports of multiple abuse, 49.4% in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 22.9% in João Pessoa, Paraíba, and 27.8% in Teresina, Piauí. Most of the victims of recurrent older adult abuse are female and younger elderly. Psychological abuse was the most recurrent, followed by financial abuse, occurring in the victim's own home. In João Pessoa, older women and elderly living with their abusers were at a higher risk of report of multiple abuse acts. In Ribeirão Preto, living with the aggressor was a risk factor for multiple violent acts. In the total population of the study, living without companion and not living with the aggressor were identified as protective factors against recurrent violence. The need to implement social and legal actions to improve safety for the more vulnerable groups is emphasized.

Perfil do idoso com insuficiência cardíaca internado em um hospital de urgência / Profile of elderly people with heart failure in an emergency hospital / Perfil del anciano con insuficiencia cardíaca internado en un hospital de urgencia

Objetivou-se analisar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico do idoso com insuficiência cardíaca em um hospital de urgência. Estudo descritivo, quantitativo com amostra por conveniência composta de 83 idosos internados em um hospital de referência em urgência no período de setembro a novembro de 2015. Os resultados mostraram um perfil epidemiológico representado em sua maioria por homens, na faixa etária de 60 a 79 anos, casados, analfabetos, com renda mensal de um a dois salários mínimos. Quanto à etiologia, o tipo hipertensivo apresentou-se como a principal causa, com frequência maior na faixa etária de 60 a 79 anos. Do total de idosos, 54 (65,1%) usam de três a cinco medicamentos diariamente. Entre as doenças crônicas associadas, a hipertensão arterial encontrou-se presente em80 (96,4%) pacientes, seguindo-se da diabetes, diagnosticada em 35 (42,2%) idosos. Constatou-se vulnerabilidade da população em estudo aos fatores de risco cardiovascular, com predomínio da hipertensão arterial e diabetes (AU).

The aim of this study was to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical profile of elderly people with heart failure in an emergency hospital. This is a descriptive, quantitative study with a convenience sample of 83 elderly people hospitalized in an emergency reference hospital from September to November, 2015. The results showed an epidemiological profile represented mostly by men aged 60 to 79 years, who were married, illiterate, with monthly income of one to two minimum wages. Regarding etiology, the hypertensive type was found as the main cause, with greater frequency in the age group of 60 to 79 years. Of the total, 54 elderly people (65.1%) used three to five medications daily. Among the associated chronic diseases, arterial hypertension was present in 80 (96.4%) patients, followed by diabetes, diagnosed in 35 (42.2%) of the elderly. The study population was vulnerable to cardiovascular risk factors, with a redominance of arterial hypertension and diabetes (AU).

Se objetivó analizar perfil sociodemográfico y clínico del anciano con insuficiencia cardíaca en hospital de urgencia. Estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, con muestra por conveniencia constituida por 83 ancianos internados en hospital de urgencia de referencia, de setiembre a noviembre de 2015. Los resultados mostraron un perfil epidemiológicamente representado en mayoría por hombres, faja etaria de 60 a 79 años, casados, analfabetos, con ingresos mensuales de uno a dos salarios mínimos. Respecto a la etiología, el tipo hipertensivo se presentó como principal causa, con frecuencia mayor en la faja etaria de 60 a 79 años. Del total de ancianos, 54 (65,1%) utilizan de tres a cinco medicamentos diarios. Entre las enfermedades crónicas asociadas, la hipertensión arterial, se encontró presente en 80 pacientes (96,4%), seguida de diabetes, diagnosticada en 35 ancianos (42,2%). Se constató vulnerabilidad de la población en estudio a los factores de riesgo cardiovascular, con predominio de hipertensión arterial y diabeteS (AU).

[The experiences of relatives of children hospitalized in an emergency care service]. / Vivências de familiares de crianças internadas em um Serviço de Pronto-Socorro.

Childhood is a phase that requires much attention from the family and the health service, because family members, besides depending on relatives, are vulnerable to the environment. The objective of this study was to describe the experiences of relatives of children hospitalized in an emergency care service, discuss on how those experiences affect the everyday life of the family and report the aspects that interfere in the nursing care. This descriptive study was performed using a qualitative approach, and was developed in a private emergency hospital. Interviews were performed with ten family members to obtain the data. The data was submitted to thematic analysis, and three categories were elaborated: experiences of the family member, changes in the everyday life of the family, the faith of the family and their closeness as facilitating agents. In conclusion, the person accompanying the patient goes thorough adaptations, whilst experiencing hospitalization, with changes to the routine of the family. However, because of the conflicts experienced by the family member, nursing should see them as a subject of the extended care.

[Institutional violence: routine experiences of the nursing team]. / Violência institucional: vivências no cotidiano da equipe de enfermagem.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the experience of a professional nursing team exposed to institutional violence, to discuss how these experiences influence their routine lives and their service organization as well as learn about the events which provoke these violent attitudes. The subjects of this study were eleven professionals of the nursing team. Data was collected through interviews and analyzed by using thematic analysis, organized in categories: violent situations involving the nursing staff, the influence of violence in the workplace and service organization and contributing causes of violent attitudes against the nursing team. The results show that professionals are more prone to violent behavior in the workplace due to longer permanence and greater interaction with patients and caregivers.

[Damage liability of nursing professionals in the invasive procedures]. / Responsabilidade civil dos profissionais de enfermagem nos procedimentos invasivos.

This study had as objective to apprehend the Social Representation of damage liability of nursing in the invasive procedures elaborated by the professionals of the area. It treats of a qualitaitve research, developed in a public hospital with 64 fellows. The data were produced from the free association words test, processed by software Tri-Deux Mots, being done Correspondence Factorial Analysis. The fellow's representational field indicated favorable attitudes in relation to the invasive procedures stimulus. The conceptions about hospital infection stimulus demonstrated a broad vision of hospital infection problem and its serious consequences. However it was not observed preoccupation and manifestation in the fellow's social representations about the civil responsibilities of Nursing professional.

[The social representations of hospital-acquired infections elaborated by nursing professionals]. / As representações sociais da infecção hospitalar elaboradas por profissionais de enfermagem.

Prevention and control of hospital acquired infections is a constant challenge for the nursing professionals. This study sought to grasp the social representations of hospital-acquired infections elaborated from the perceptions of nursing professionals, and to discuss how these representations influence their practices in controlling and preventing infections. This is a qualitative research, applied in a reference urgency-emergence service, which used as a data collection technique the semi-structured interview, and for content analysis the category elaboration. It was observed that the execution of the activities is closely tied to the individual subjectivities of each professional and deeply dependant on the moral, ethical, ideological and subjective values of these professionals, regarding interpretation, judging and personal decision in the application of the scientific knowledge.

[Change in the collective construction in the nursing undergraduate nursing course: a challenge]. / Construção coletiva de mudança no Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem: um desafio.

This study aims to draw up a proposal of integration for the fourth term of Nursing from NOVAFAPI. The main focus was to describe the subjects' structure chain, the competencies and abilities to be developed, as well as discuss the methodology and the method of assessment specified and draw up a proposal for the fourth term. A qualitative approach was used, based on the action research referential. The subjects were the faculties and students from the term, plus the coordinator of the course. Its results show there is already the understanding that the integrated curriculum will contribute for the education of subjects more capable of transforming social reality.

[Socio-political aspects of the implantation of the Transplant Center of Piauí]. / Aspectos sócio-políticos da implantação da Central de Transplantes do Piauí.

A qualitative study aiming at understanding the socio-political aspects that mediate the implantation of the Transplant Center of Piauí, identify the social topics involved in this implantation and analyze the participation of the organized civil society. Ten people directly related to the implantation of the transplant center were involved in the study, selected through the "snowball" technique. A loosely structured interview, taped, transcribed and submitted for thematic analysis was used. It was concluded that the implantation of the transplant center in Piauí was the fruit of a complex series of negotiations and interests among the State and organized civil society, as there was no political project for action in the area of transplants. This distancing from the responsibility of the public sector characterizes the importance that was given to this implantation.

[Collective memory of the Brazilian Nursing Association--Piauí Section]. / Memória coletiva da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem--seção Piauí.

Historical and social study that aimed at obtaining the social representations about associative practice present at the collective memory of the members from ABEn-PI. Its primary source were 94 minutes of ABEn-PI created from 1959 to 1970 and from 1995 to 2005 and analyzed according to a thematic analysis of categorical content. The social representations obtained were about knowledge, positioning and feelings about nursing teaching, religiosity and honoring and political fights of ABEn. The dissemination of these knowledge, positioning and feelings among the members of the association, showed the spread of social representations determining the behavior of these nurses as ABEn-PI members.

Low molecular weight heparin in the treatment of puromycin-induced nephrosis.

Heparin may have a beneficial effect in proteinuric renal diseases, where negative charges of the glomerular capillary membrane are compromised. We evaluated the role of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH - 3000 Da) in puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis in male Wistar rats: Controls (C) n=7, LMWH-treated group, n=9, subcutaneously (SC), 6 mg/kg every day. The PAN group (n=7) received 7 doses on weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 (SC - 2mg/100g), and a group PAN+LMWH (n=6). After 12 weeks, cholesterol and triglycerides were higher in nephrotic groups, as well as proteinuria and urinary IgG. Kidney weight, glomerular volume, and glomerular sclerosis index were higher in the PAN-treated groups. Glomerular capillary length density (L(Vcap)) and glomerular capillary surface density (S(Vcap)) were lower in the PAN group, and mesangial fractional volume was higher. Fibronectin immunostaining was more intense in the PAN group, and collagens I and III were absent in the studied glomeruli. Thus, LMWH prevented mesangial expansion and capillaries changes, showing antiproliferative properties, despite worsening glomerular permeability changes in the PAN model. In conclusion, LMWH interferes in the complications of PAN model, but not through inhibition of the proteinuria.