ABSTRACT
Leaf protein concentrates were prepared from 25 different plant species. The concentrates contained acceptable levels of all essential amino acids; except methionine which was limiting with chemical scores ranging between 13.5-96%. LPCs from sesbania, nebergrass, lufa and sweet pepper were lethal to the rats. PER ranged between 0.28 for safflower LPC up to 1.95 for rape. Positive nitrogen balance was obtained with diets based on LPCs with mean values ranging between 6.4 and 22.42 mg N per day. True nitrogen digestibility fluctuated between 72.4% for sweet potato LPC up to 97.9% for LPC prepared from safflower. BV ranged between 60.5 for sunflower LPC to 97.26 for carrot LPC. NPU values of LPCs were 49.4 for sunflower LPC up to 86.5% for rape LPC. There was a positive correlation coefficient between BV and the respective NPU. Highest utilizable protein was obtained with turnip LPC. Tested LPC's contain 0.6-6.8% tannin. Saponin was absent in 11 LPCs. Lufa LPC showed the highest saponin content followed by nebergrass and sesbania LPCs. Trypsin inhibitory activity was quite low. Prelimenary results show that rats consumed diet based on lufa, nebergrass and sesbania LPCs died within the first few days of the experiment. Low growth rates were obtained for drum-dried samples prepared from carrot, but this was not the case for drum-dried samples prepared from chard. The activity of liver alanine amino transferase was also determined and indicated toxicity of some LPCs to liver.
Subject(s)
Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plant Proteins/analysis , Alanine Transaminase/analysis , Amino Acids, Essential/analysis , Animals , Digestion , Male , Nutritive Value , Plant Leaves/toxicity , Plant Proteins/toxicity , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Trypsin Inhibitors/analysisABSTRACT
The yield of three large scale cultures of Scenedesmus acutus, Chlorella vulgaris, and Coelastrum proboscideum was drum dried. The amino acid composition of the three species proved to compare well with the FAO (11) amino acid pattern except for methionine and isoleucine. Bio-assay evaluation of the three algal proteins gave the following values: protein efficiency ratio, 1.9-2.1; net protein ratio, 2,4-2.8; biological value, 75-78; digestibility coefficient 88-89; and calculated net protein utilization 67-69. Total nucleic acid content was about 4%. Uric acid content in the plasma of rats fed Scenedesmus, Chlorella, and Coelastrum diets was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than in plasma of rats fed on a casein diet.
Subject(s)
Eukaryota , Amino Acids/analysis , Animals , Diet , Eukaryota/analysis , Male , Nitrogen/analysis , Nucleic Acids/analysis , Nutritive Value , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Uric Acid/bloodABSTRACT
The changes in cottonseed constituents at different boll ages ranging from 5 to 60 days after flowering are reported. A gradual depletion of sugars coincided with gradual formation of oil has been found. Proteins are accumulated at a more or less even rate. Gossypol starts its appearance in 10 days old boll, and continuously increases. The iodine value of the oils shows gradual increase, while the acid value continuously decreases. Continuous decrease in total saturated fatty acids during development and maturity was observed while linoleic acid continuously increases. The total phospholipid content of the oil continuously decreases. The total saturated fatty acid contents of the phospholipids are generally higher than that of their corresponding oils.
