[Analysis of Multi-scale Spatio-temporal Differentiation Characteristics of PM2.5 in China from 2011 to 2017].

It is of great significance for joint prevention and control of air pollution to understand the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics and regional driving factors of PM2.5 in China. In this study, from a multi-scale perspective, the spatial pattern analysis and geographical detectors are used to explore the spatial and temporal distribution pattern and causes of PM2.5 pollution in China mainland from 2011 to 2017. The results show that:① the annual average PM2.5 concentration is relatively stable from 2011 to 2017, and there is no obvious trend. The change characteristics of regional PM2.5 are similar to those of national PM2.5, showing a "W" shaped fluctuation. Overall, the order of pollution degree from high to low is:central, eastern, western, and northeastern. ② From the spatial pattern analysis results, we can see that the high-value cluster mainly appears in east China, middle China, and southwest of Xinjiang, while the low-value cluster appears in Qinghai-Tibet, Yunnan, Guizhou, Plateau, and Daxinganling regions. ③ The results of geographic detector analysis show that the population factor is the leading factor nationally; meanwhile, the industrial, energy consumption, and traffic factors all contribute to the distribution pattern of PM2.5 in varying degrees. Regionally, besides the population factor, the proportion of secondary production and urban green space rate have the greatest impact on the northeast, the industrial smoke and dust and road area in the east, and the total industrial electricity and buses in the central area. The impact of social and economic factors does not significantly affect the PM2.5 in the western region.

Experimental study on the effect of moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) for long-term exercise-induced fatigue / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To investigate the effect of moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) on fatigue in rats with chronic exercise-induced exhaustion. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group and a moxibustion group, 10 rats in each group. Except rats in the blank group, the remaining rats were subjected to create long-term exhaustion models by repeated swimming. After successful modeling, rats in the moxibustion group received mild moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) for 15 min, once every other day with a total of 10 times. Rats in the model group and the blank group did not receive moxibustion. At the end of the treatment, the exhausted times, and the body weight of rats before and after the experiment were compared among groups. The levels of blood malondialdehyde (MDA) and urea nitrogen (BUN), as well as the activities of aspartate transarninase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also measured by the automatic biochemical analyzer, 24 h after the exhausting excise. Results: The 10th swimming time was significantly longer in the moxibustion group than that in the model group (P<0.01). The increase rate of the body weight was lower in the rats of the moxibustion group than that in the model group before the 7th and the 10th exhausting excise (P<0.05, P<0.01). The levels of serum MDA and BUN, as well as the activities of AST, ALT and LDH in the model group were higher than those in the blank group (all P<0.01). The levels of serum MDA and BUN, as well as the activities of AST, ALT and LDH in the moxibustion group were lower than those in the model group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) can decrease the serum levels of MDA and BUN, as well as activities of AST, ALT and LDH in the long-term fatigue rats, thus to improve the symptoms of fatigue.

A comparative study of the effect of low-frequency electroacupuncture on blood lipids between men and women with simple obesity / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the difference of the effect of low-frequency electroacupuncture (EA) on blood lipids between male and female patients with simple obesity due to damp induced by spleen deficiency. Methods: Eighty patients with simple obesity were recruited, including 37 males and 43 females, to receive low-frequency EA by selecting Yinlingquan (SP 10), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40), Quchi (LI 11), Tianshu (ST 25), Zhongwan (CV 12), Shuifen (CV 9), Qihai (CV 6) and Guanyuan (CV 4), with needles retained for 30 min. The treatment was given once a day, 10 sessions as a treatment course, for 2 courses in total. The contents of body fat percentage (F%), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), blood glucose (Glu) and adiponectin (ADPN) in serum were observed to see the changes, and the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results: After the treatment, F%, and serum contents of TC, TG, LDL, Glu and ADPN dropped significantly in the two groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and the serum content of HDL increased significantly in male group (P<0.05). The decrease of F% in female group was more significant than that in male group (P<0.01); the decrease of ADPN in male group was more significant than that in female group (P<0.05). Conclusion: EA can regulate the disordered blood lipids in male and female patients with simple obesity, with certain differences between genders. The decrease of subcutaneous fat content is more significant in females than that in males, while the decrease of ADPN is more significant in males.