ABSTRACT
The neurotrophic properties of magnesium comenate were studied under standard conditions and under conditions of oxidative stress. It was found that magnesium comenate has a stimulating effect on the neurotrophic processes of the spinal ganglia under normal conditions and under conditions of oxidative stress. Under standard conditions, magnesium comenate exhibits neurotrophic activity at a concentration of 0.0001 mM, under conditions of oxidative stress, magnesium comenate exhibits neurotrophic activity at concentration 0.1 mM.
Subject(s)
Carboxylic Acids/pharmacology , Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects , Magnesium Compounds/pharmacology , Neuronal Outgrowth/drug effects , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Pyrones/pharmacology , Animals , Chick Embryo , Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism , Hydrogen Peroxide/antagonists & inhibitors , Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology , Oxidative Stress , Tissue Culture TechniquesABSTRACT
Using the model of cultured spinal ganglia, we demonstrated high neurotrophic activity of comenic acid and its derivatives potassium comenate and calcium comenate both under normal conditions and during oxidative stress. Calcium comenate in the norm as well as potassium and calcium comenates during oxidative stress demonstrate greater neurotrophic potency than comenic acid.
Subject(s)
Carboxylic Acids/pharmacology , Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects , Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Pyrones/pharmacology , Animals , Calcium/chemistry , Carboxylic Acids/chemistry , Cells, Cultured , Chick Embryo , Neuroprotective Agents/chemistry , Potassium/chemistry , Pyrones/chemistryABSTRACT
Potassium comenate and comenic acid exhibit manifest and virtually identical antioxidant activity under conditions of hypoxia with hypercapnia. The effects of these drugs on conditioned reflex training with positive reinforcement differ significantly. Potassium comenate promotes retention of the learning capacity and memory in hypoxic rats at the level of intact control, that is, exhibits a pronounced protective antiamnestic effect, while comenic acid only facilitates training of the conditioned reflex with positive reinforcement.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Brain/drug effects , Carboxylic Acids/pharmacology , Hypercapnia/drug therapy , Hypoxia/drug therapy , Memory/drug effects , Nootropic Agents/pharmacology , Pyrones/pharmacology , Animals , Brain/metabolism , Brain/physiopathology , Conditioning, Psychological/drug effects , Hypercapnia/metabolism , Hypercapnia/physiopathology , Hypoxia/metabolism , Hypoxia/physiopathology , Male , Malondialdehyde/antagonists & inhibitors , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Maze Learning/drug effects , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Reactive Oxygen Species/antagonists & inhibitors , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolismABSTRACT
The effects of potassium comenate on functional state of CNS in mice and rats were studied in the open-field and hole-board tests under control conditions and after acute exposure to hypoxia-hypercapnia. The effects of potassium comenate on CNS were also studied in rodents subjected to propofol-induced sleep. Preliminary administration of 4 mg/kg potassium comenate for 3 days attenuated the posthypoxic changes in behavioral reactions (emotional anxiety/reactivity). The pronounced stress-protective effect of potassium comenate was observed both on days 1 and 14 after exposure to hypoxia-hypercapnia. Under normal conditions, potassium comenate moderated behavioral reactions and augmented somniferous effect of propofol. We hypothesized that the antihypoxic effect of potassium comenate is determined by its stress-protective and sedative potencies.
Subject(s)
Carboxylic Acids/pharmacology , Exploratory Behavior/drug effects , Hypercapnia/drug therapy , Hypnotics and Sedatives/pharmacology , Hypoxia/drug therapy , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Pyrones/pharmacology , Animals , Anxiety , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Hypercapnia/psychology , Hypoxia/psychology , Male , Motor Activity/drug effects , Propofol/pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Sleep/drug effectsABSTRACT
The purpose of the work was to assess the influence of the concentrate of red table wine Saperavi on the cultivated nerve cells exposed to glutamate. The selection of Saperavi as the source of phenolic compounds was not accidental: this type of grapes in the Krasnodar region has the highest content of them - up to 4-5 g/dm3 and more. Polyphenol concentrate was prepared by pre-distillation of ethanol using vacuum, evaporation of red table wine with a rotary vaporizer, with the subsequent lyophilic drying. By the methods of voltammetry and chemiluminescence an antioxidant activity, and a quantity of antioxidants in the concentrate have been determined. By HPLC it was established that a large group of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity was present in the concentrate of polyphenols: procyanidins (total concentration up to 425 mg/dm3), quercetin (21.8-32.6 mg/dm3), gallic acid (124.2-164.7 mg/dm3), resveratrol (6.26-13.22 mg/dm3), catechins (1026 - 1480 mg/dm3). Effect of red wine Saperavi concentrate on glutamate cytotoxicity was studied in the neuron culture of the cerebellum of 7-9-day-old rats. It was shown that the presence of. antioxidants reduced the intensity of chemiluminescence in model systems that generate free radicals. It was established that quenching of chemiluminescence in the system <
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Glutamic Acid/toxicity , Neurons/drug effects , Neuroprostanes/pharmacology , Polyphenols/pharmacology , Wine/analysis , Animals , Animals, Newborn , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Cells, Cultured , Neuroprostanes/isolation & purification , Polyphenols/isolation & purification , RatsABSTRACT
We studied antioxidant protective effect of comenic acid and potassium comenate in doses of 2, 4, and 8 mg/kg under conditions of oxidative stress in the brain of mice exposed to immobilization stress. Administration of potassium comenate and comenic acid in the above doses for 3 days before stress prevented the development of oxidative processes in the brain of stressed animals. The antioxidant effect of potassium comenate more pronounced.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Carboxylic Acids/pharmacology , Pyrones/pharmacology , Animals , Animals, Outbred Strains , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Mice , Oxidative Stress , Restraint, Physical , Stress, Psychological/metabolismABSTRACT
The study demonstrated neuroprotective action of novel chemical agent, potassium salt of comenic acid, against the glutamate-induced cytotoxicity on the model of cultured cerebral neurons. Potassium comenate (0.001-1.0 mM) significantly decreased the rate of glutamateinduced neuronal death. The highest viability of the cultured neurons during postglutamate time was observed when potassium comenate was applied in a concentration of 0.1 mM.
Subject(s)
Carboxylic Acids/pharmacology , Cerebellum/cytology , Glutamic Acid/toxicity , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Pyrones/pharmacology , Animals , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
The influence of a new substance, lithium salt of comenic acid, on the oxidative processes in the brain of animals under the conditions of acute and long combined stress has been investigated. It is established that lithium comenate (1 and 2 mg/kg) exhibits pronounced dose-dependent antioxidative stress-protective effect, which is manifested in suppression of the hyperproduction of free radicals and depression of the content of malonic dialdehyde (a secondary product of lipid peroxidation) in the brain of stressed animals. The maximum antioxidative stress protection effect under the conditions of acute and long combined stress has been observed for lithium salt ofcomenic acid in a dose of 2 mg/kg.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Brain Chemistry/drug effects , Brain/metabolism , Carboxylic Acids/pharmacology , Lithium , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Pyrones/pharmacology , Animals , Antioxidants/chemistry , Carboxylic Acids/chemistry , Free Radicals/metabolism , Male , Mice , Oxidation-Reduction , Pyrones/chemistry , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
The influence of peptide fractions, discharged of kumys (SK) and a sour milk of Mechnikov (PMS) on some parameters of immunity experimental animal, transferred a stress is investigated. The outcomes of examinations have shown, that SK promotes correction of immune violations called by action of a stress. So the introduction SK animal one day prior to a stress renders expressed immunoregulatory an operation on a content of neutrocytes and metabolism in them, depending from Oxygenium, promotes a raise of number of T lymphocytes in a blood animal transferred a stress. The peptide fraction, discharged of a sour milk of Mechnikov (PMS) does not render essential influence on the above-stated parameters.
Subject(s)
Cultured Milk Products , Immune System/drug effects , Peptides/pharmacology , Stress, Physiological , Animals , Cold Temperature , Lymphocyte Count , Male , Neutrophils/cytology , Neutrophils/drug effects , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Restraint, Physical/physiologyABSTRACT
Parameters providing qualitative estimation of the cephalosporin C-producing organism seed material were studied. Before inoculation of the fermentation medium the seed material should have the maximum respiration intensity, maximum specific growth rate and not less than 15 per cent of the biomass.
