ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic value of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in detecting bone invasion in maxillary squamous cell carcinoma (MSCC). STUDY DESIGN: In this retrospective cohort study, preoperative CBCT scans were independently assessed by a single surgeon in imaging assessment 1 (IA 1) and by 1 surgeon with 2 dentists in consensus (IA 2) for the presence of bone invasion in MSCC. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and Cohen's κ were calculated. Histopathologic results of resection specimens served as the reference standard. RESULTS: Of 27 patients, 19 (70%) had proven bone invasion. IA 1 yielded 68.4% sensitivity, 75.0% specificity, 86.7% PPV, 50.0% NPV, 70.4% accuracy, and 0.717 AUC. All results of IA 2 were true-positive and true-negative, resulting in 100% sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and AUC. The assessments differed in 6 cases. Interobserver κ was fair (0.38, 95% CI 0.04-0.72, P = .038). There was a significant association between CBCT detection of bone invasion and extent of surgical treatment (P = .006) CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic accuracy of CBCT was high but observer-dependent. CBCT examination may be useful in surgical treatment planning.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Maxilla , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Fibula free flaps (FFF) are effective in accomplishing successful reconstruction for segmental defects of the mandible. Potential risk factors for FFF complications have been described in previous research, e.g. age, comorbidity and smoking. Low skeletal muscle mass (SMM) has shown to be an emerging predictive factor for complications and prognostic factor for survival in head and neck cancer. This study aims to identify the predictive and prognostic value of low SMM for surgical FFF related complications, postoperative complications and survival in patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction with FFF after oral cavity cancer resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed between 2002 and 2018. Pre-treatment SMM was measured at the level of the third cervical vertebra and converted to SMM at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3). SMM at the level of L3 was corrected for squared height. Low SMM was defined as a lumbar skeletal muscle index (LSMI) below 43.2 cm2/m2. RESULTS: 78 patients were included, of which 48 (61.5%) had low SMM. Low SMM was associated with an increased risk of FFF related complications (HR 4.3; p = 0.02) and severe postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade III-IV) (HR 4.0; p = 0.02). In addition low SMM was a prognosticator for overall survival (HR 2.4; p = 0.02) independent of age at time of operation, ACE-27 score and TNM stage. CONCLUSION: Low SMM is a strong predictive factor for FFF reconstruction complications and other postoperative complications in patients undergoing FFF reconstruction of the mandible. Low SMM is also prognostic for decreased overall survival.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers , Mandibular Reconstruction/adverse effects , Mouth Neoplasms/complications , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Aged , Body Composition , Female , Free Tissue Flaps , Humans , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Male , Mandibular Reconstruction/methods , Middle Aged , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mouth Neoplasms/surgery , Organ Size , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
A 72-year-old woman was referred to a department of oral and maxillofacial surgery because of a unilateral skin eruption of the face after extraction of the right first upper molar, a few days earlier. She had been diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia some years before. It appeared to be herpes zoster or'shingles'from the second branch of the trigeminal nerve. Treatment included hospital admission with intravenous antiviral therapy and analgetics. Herpes zoster of the face is a severe infection and requires early treatment. Post herpetic neuralgia is a serious complication of herpes zoster and may adversely affect the quality of life.
