ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Head-to-head comparisons of antipsychotics have predominantly included patients with chronic conditions. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of ziprasidone and olanzapine in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia. METHODS: The study was an 8-week, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized, controlled multicenter trial (NCT00145444). Seventy-six patients with schizophreniform disorder, schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (diagnosis < 5 y), and a maximum lifetime antipsychotic treatment < 16 weeks participated in the study. Efficacy of ziprasidone (80-160 mg/d) and olanzapine 10-20 mg was measured using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Scale, the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and the Heinrich Quality of Life Scale (HQLS); tolerability assessments included laboratory assessments, body weight, and electroencephalogram. RESULTS: Olanzapine (n = 34) and ziprasidone (n = 39) showed equal efficacy as measured by the PANSS, CDSS, CGI, and HQLS. However, mean weight gain was significantly higher in the olanzapine group (6.8 vs 0.1 kg, P < .001). Ziprasidone was associated with decreasing levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and transaminases, while these parameters increased in the olanzapine group (all P values < .05). There were no significant differences in fasting glucose and prolactin levels or in cardiac or sexual side effects. Patients on ziprasidone used biperiden for extrapyramidal side effects more frequently (P < .05). DISCUSSION: The results of this study indicate that ziprasidone and olanzapine have comparable therapeutic efficacy but differ in their side effect profile. However, there is a risk of a type II error with this sample size. Clinically significant weight gain and laboratory abnormalities appear early after initiating treatment and are more prominent with olanzapine, while more patients on ziprasidone received anticholinergic drugs to treat extrapyramidal symptoms.
Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use , Piperazines/therapeutic use , Psychotic Disorders/drug therapy , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Schizophrenic Psychology , Thiazoles/therapeutic use , Adult , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Basal Ganglia Diseases/chemically induced , Basal Ganglia Diseases/drug therapy , Benzodiazepines/adverse effects , Biperiden/therapeutic use , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Body Weight/drug effects , Cholesterol/blood , Chronic Disease , Electrocardiography/drug effects , Female , Humans , Male , Muscarinic Antagonists/therapeutic use , Olanzapine , Piperazines/adverse effects , Prolactin/blood , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics & numerical data , Psychometrics , Psychotic Disorders/blood , Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis , Psychotic Disorders/psychology , Schizophrenia/blood , Schizophrenia/diagnosis , Thiazoles/adverse effects , Triglycerides/blood , Young AdultABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: To enhance functional outcome in schizophrenia improvement of cognitive symptoms is crucial. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES: Using a comprehensive test battery, this follow-up examines cognitive effects in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia after a change of medication following insufficient clinical response and intolerance. RESULTS: After eight weeks cognitive outcomes had not improved in the patients having switched from olanzapine to ziprasidone (n=11; mean dose 136 mg) nor in those having switched from ziprasidone to olanzapine (n=10; mean 16 mg), while the symptoms of patients maintaining olanzapine (n=18; mean 10.9 mg) or ziprasidone (n=18; mean 88.9 mg) treatment had not improved further. DISCUSSION: The findings suggest that also in early-stage schizophrenia the antipsychotics tested affect cognitive symptoms similarly.
