Subject(s)
Arterial Occlusive Diseases/diagnosis , Brain Ischemia/diagnosis , Giant Cell Arteritis/diagnosis , Vertebral Artery , Aged , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/etiology , Brain Ischemia/etiology , Dizziness/etiology , Dysarthria/etiology , Female , Giant Cell Arteritis/complications , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mobility LimitationABSTRACT
Development of colon cancer is a multistep process that is regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic cellular signals. Extrinsic factors include molecular patterns that are derived from either pathogens (PAMPs) or cellular damage (DAMPs). These molecules can promote tumourigenesis by activation of the innate immune system, but the individual contribution of ligands and their receptors remains elusive. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (Rage) is a pattern recognition receptor that binds multiple ligands derived from a damaged cell environment such as Hmgb1 and S100 protein. Here we show that Rage signalling has a critical role in sporadic development of intestinal adenomas, as Apc(Min/+) Rage(-/-) mice are protected against tumourigenesis.
