ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the injury characteristics of Beagle dogs after warship multi cabin explosion.Methods Forty-eight adult male Beagle dogs were placed in the simulated blast-cabin and adjacent cabin (24 each),and ammunitions respectively containing 0.75kg TNT and 3.50kg TNT were then detonated in the blast-cabin.The survival situation,fluctuation of vital signs,morphological changes of organs and the incidence of various types of injury of the dogs were observed immediately after the explosion to 24h after injury,and the neurological functions score was performed.Results Twenty dogs died immediately after the explosion,and another 9 dogs died 24h after the explosion.The total mortality was 60.42％(29/48),and the mortalities in blastcabin and adjacent cabin were 79.17％(19/24) and 41.67％(10/24),respectively.The dog's skull was penetrated by bomb fragments,and congestion and bleeding were observed in brain tissue,lung,heart,stomach,bowels,liver and kidneys.Extremities fracture,soft tissue contusions,perforation and rupture were also checked out after explosion.The fatality rate of bomb fragment injury,blast injury and combined bomb fragment-blast injury was 27.59％(8/29),17.24％(5/29) and 55.17％(16/29),respectively.Conclusions The combined bomb fragment-blast injury show high incidence and make high fatality rate and serious injury.Combatants should effectually shield themselves with occluded objects as far as possible to avoid damage and reduce fatality.The key of early treatment is to treat the multiple injuries promptly.Intravenous fluid therapy should be practiced after hemodynamic monitoring.
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The present study focused on the characterization and genomic sequence of phage PS2 that infects Serratia marcescens clinical isolates.The morphology of phage PS2 was observed with electron microscope.The one-step growth curve,host range,and stability of PS2 were investigated.In addition,Phage DNA was extracted from the purified phage particles using a MiniBEST Viral RNA/DNA Extraction Kit.DNA sample was analyzed by digesting with restriction enzymes.The phage DNA was used for constructing the sequencing library.The library was sequenced on a MiSeqTM platform.The whole genome sequence was obtained by Velvet (version:1.2.08) assembling.Phage PS2 belongs to the Myoviridae family.The linear,circularly permuted,167 266-bp double-stranded DNA genome of PS2 has high similarities to T4-1ike phages.The phage DNA contains 41.7％ GC and 276 ORFs.PS2 exhibited a 21-minute latent period and 70 PFU per cell at burst size when the pathogenic S.marcescens strain S2 served as a host.Further investigation suggested that PS2 is stable in a wide pH range (pH5 to pH10) and at extreme temperatures (50 ℃ and 60 ℃) after incubation alone at different pHs and different temperatures,respectively.The paper focused on the isolation and identification of a novel lytic S.marcescens phage,the biological characteristics,the whole genome sequencing and the preliminary study of bioinformatics,which laid the foundation for deeply analysis to the phage therapy of multi-drug resistant bacteria and the phage biological information.
ABSTRACT
The present study focused on the characterization and genomic sequence of phage PS2 that infects Serratia marcescens clinical isolates.The morphology of phage PS2 was observed with electron microscope.The one-step growth curve,host range,and stability of PS2 were investigated.In addition,Phage DNA was extracted from the purified phage particles using a MiniBEST Viral RNA/DNA Extraction Kit.DNA sample was analyzed by digesting with restriction enzymes.The phage DNA was used for constructing the sequencing library.The library was sequenced on a MiSeqTM platform.The whole genome sequence was obtained by Velvet (version:1.2.08) assembling.Phage PS2 belongs to the Myoviridae family.The linear,circularly permuted,167 266-bp double-stranded DNA genome of PS2 has high similarities to T4-1ike phages.The phage DNA contains 41.7％ GC and 276 ORFs.PS2 exhibited a 21-minute latent period and 70 PFU per cell at burst size when the pathogenic S.marcescens strain S2 served as a host.Further investigation suggested that PS2 is stable in a wide pH range (pH5 to pH10) and at extreme temperatures (50 ℃ and 60 ℃) after incubation alone at different pHs and different temperatures,respectively.The paper focused on the isolation and identification of a novel lytic S.marcescens phage,the biological characteristics,the whole genome sequencing and the preliminary study of bioinformatics,which laid the foundation for deeply analysis to the phage therapy of multi-drug resistant bacteria and the phage biological information.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine whether circulating level of catestatin (CST) could provide prognostic information independently of conventional risk markers for the development of in-hospital heart failure in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of 120 STEMI patients (mean age: 61 years, 73% male) were collected from the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Taiyuan Central Hospital between November 2010 and September 2011.The patients were categorized into 4 groups according to CST (ng/L) quartile: ≤ 74.72, 74.73-79.67, 79.68 - 84.21 and ≥ 84.22 ng/L. Clinical features, therapeutic approaches were compared among groups. The patients were also grouped according to Killip class: Killip level I (n = 68), Killip level II (n = 23), Killip level III (n = 18), Killip level IV (n = 11). CST, NE and NT-proBNP were compared among groups. The Spearma rank correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis were applied to determine the association between risk factors and in-hospital heart failure. Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to evaluate the power of CST and NT-proBNP on predicting in-hospital heart failure.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Gender, hospital days, past history of smoking, hypertension, myocardial infarction, CK-MB peak level, TnI peak level, heart rate, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid levels on admission and early reperfusion therapy were similar among groups. Patients with higher CST values were more likely to be older, to have lower body mass index, to have higher white blood cell count, CysC, hs-CRP, NE, NT-proBNP, past history of angina, diabetes mellitus, being diuretic users, and to have a lower ejection fraction (all P < 0.05). Higher CST levels were also associated with increased risk of heart failure (P < 0.05). In proportion with the deterioration of the cardiac function, CST, NE, NT-proBNP concentration gradually increased (all P < 0.05). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the CST was negatively correlated with LVEF (r(s) = -0.923, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with NT-proBNP (r(s) = 0.884, P < 0.001). After multivariate adjustment, CST remained to be an independent risk factor for the development of in-hospital heart failure (OR = 1.125, 95%CI: 1.056 - 1.198;P < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve of CST and NT-proBNP was 0.777 and 0.874. Using CST = 77.29 ng/L as a cut-off value, the sensitivity was 92.8% and specificity was 70.6% for predicting the development of in-hospital heart failure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The plasma CST level is an independent predictor for the development of in-hospital heart failure in patients with STEMI.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Catechols , Pharmacology , Chromogranin A , Blood , Heart Failure , Diagnosis , Inpatients , Myocardial Infarction , Blood , Diagnosis , Peptide Fragments , Blood , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study was performed to investigate the clinical factors, tumor characteristics, treatment approach, and prognosis of patients with Stage IV thymic carcinoma (WHO type C). METHODS: The records of 20 patients with histologically confirmed thymic carcinoma treated between 1988 and 2002 at the Division of Oncology at Taipei Veterans General Hospital were reviewed. RESULTS: Therapy consisted of surgical debulking, adjuvant radiotherapy, and chemotherapy in six patients (30%), surgical debulking with adjuvant chemotherapy in two patients (10%), surgical debulking with adjuvant radiotherapy in one patient (5%), radiotherapy with adjuvant chemotherapy in eight patients (40%), and chemotherapy alone in three patients (15%). After a median follow-up of 22 months (range, 5-72 months), three patients (15%) were alive. Eighteen patients (90%) experienced disease recurrence after a median of 9 months (range, 2-41 months); 12 (66%) of these patients initially had stage IVa disease, and 6 (33%) had stage IV b disease. Five patients had an undifferentiated type of histology. The median time to progression was 5 months. However, none of these patients was able to receive salvage therapy due to their poor performance status. For those patients with a lymphoepithelioma-like histology, the median survival was 36 months; there was tumor recurrence in five patients and they all received salvage chemotherapy. The median survival time for these five patients was 51 months. For patients with squamous cell type, the median time to progression was 10 months. Five patients received salvage chemotherapy and the median survival was 28 months. There was a significant difference (P < 0.0001) in the median survival between those who received chemotherapy (18 months) after tumor relapse and those who did not (1 month). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that multidisciplinary treatment, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, is beneficial in treating primary thymic carcinoma. Chemotherapy plays an important role in both primary and relapsed stage IV thymic carcinoma in terms of prolonging the disease-free survival and median survival of patients with lymphoepithelioma-like or squamous cell histology types. For patients with an undifferentiated histology, multidisciplinary treatment or chemotherapy might not be helpful in either primary or relapsed stage IV thymic carcinoma.
