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1.
Prev Vet Med ; 209: 105781, 2022 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36306642

ABSTRACT

Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is an infectious disease affecting equine in most countries and represents a notifiable disease with compulsory euthanasia of positive animals. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of EIAV infected equines in herds of the state of Goiás (Central Brazil) and to evaluate the risk factors associated with the occurrence of the disease. Blood samples were collected from 1170 equids from 332 randomly selected farms divided into three different strata according to their herd characteristics. Also, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied during the visit to the farm. Of the 332 farms evaluated, 12 (3.1%; 95% CI: 1.24 - 6.00) had at least one positive equine for EIA, and of the 1170 evaluated equines, 14 (2%; 95% CI: 0.31-3.00) were positive in agar gel immunodiffusion. Multivariate analysis revealed that the use of a vaccination pistol (p < 0.001) and the presence of water bodies inside the farm (p < 0.01) were risk factors associated with the occurrence of EIA. Thus, the present study demonstrated a low but widespread prevalence of EIAV infected animals in the herds of Goiás state and that iatrogenic and environmental risk factors were associated with the occurrence of the disease.


Subject(s)
Equine Infectious Anemia , Horse Diseases , Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine , Animals , Horses , Equine Infectious Anemia/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Brazil/epidemiology , Euthanasia, Animal , Risk Factors , Horse Diseases/epidemiology
2.
Rev Sci Tech ; 37(3): 971-983, 2018 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30964455

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of equine infectious anaemia (EIA) in the three biomes of the state of Mato Grosso (Amazon, Cerrado and Pantanal) was estimated. Serum samples were collected from 3,858 equines in 1,067 herds between Septemberand December 2014. The agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) assay was used to detect EIA virus antibodies, and if a herd contained a seropositive animal itwas classified as a focus. The prevalence rates were 17.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.9-19.8%) for herds and 6.6% (95% CI: 5.8-7.5%) for animals. The Pantanal region showed the highest prevalence rates: 36.1% (95% CI: 30.8-41.7%) for herds and 17.0% (95% CI: 14.7-19.6%) for animals. The spatial distribution of relative risk was calculated according to the kernel density, which revealed three major clusters with the highest prevalence rates occurring in the north-western(Amazon biome), north-eastern (Cerrado biome) and southern (Pantanal biome)regions. A high spatial correlation was found among ranches, with high intra-herd prevalence rates located in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes, but the highest spatial correlation with EIA foci was found in the Pantanal biome. Variables related to ranch management, reflecting human influence, were associated with positive equines. Based on the results, it can be concluded that EIA is present in all biomes of the state, and that the risk factors are associated with human interference in the transmission process. Given this situation, the EIA control programme should be re-evaluated and more prophylactic measures should be adopted to control the disease.


Les auteurs présentent les résultats d'une estimation de la prévalence de l'anémie infectieuse des équidés (AIE) dans les trois biomes de l'état du Mato Grosso (l'Amazonie, le Cerrado et le Pantanal) réalisée de septembre à décembre2014 à partir d'échantillons de sérum collectés chez 3 858 équidés dans1 067 troupeaux. La méthode d'immunodiffusion sur gélose était utilisée pour détecter les anticorps anti-AIE. En cas de test positif chez un individu, le troupeau était classé comme un foyer. La prévalence par troupeau était de 17,2 % (intervalle de confiance à 95 % [IC 95 %] de 14,9 à 19,8) tandis que la prévalence individuelle était de 6,6 % (IC 95 % de 5,8 à 7,5). La prévalence la plus élevée était enregistrée dans la région du Pantanal : 36,1 % (IC 95 % de 30,8 à 41,7) par troupeaux et17,0 (IC 95 % de 14,7 à 19,6) à l'échelle des individus. La distribution spatiale du risque relatif estimée par noyau montre trois grappes de prévalence élevée dans le nord-ouest (biome de l'Amazonie), le nord-est (biome du Cerrado) et le sud (biome du Pantanal). Si une corrélation spatiale forte est observée dans les élevages des biomes de l'Amazonie et du Cerrado où la prévalence intra-troupeau est élevée, la corrélation spatiale la plus élevée avec les foyers d'AIE se trouve dans le biome du Pantanal. Une association a été constatée entre les équidés testés positifs et les variables descriptives liées aux pratiques d'élevage, ce qui traduit l'importance de l'influence humaine. À partir de ces résultats, on peut conclure que l'AIE est présente dans l'ensemble des biomes de l'état et que les facteurs de risque sont associés à l'interférence humaine dans le processus de transmission. Ainsi, une réévaluation du programme de lutte contre l'AIE serait indiquée avec plus de mesures prophylactiques afin de contrôler la maladie.


Los autores describen el proceso seguido para estimar la prevalencia de anemia infecciosa equina en los tres biomas presentes en el estado de Mato Grosso (Amazonia, Cerrado y Pantanal). Entre septiembre y diciembre de 2014 se extrajeron muestras a 3.858 equinos de 1.067 rebaños, a las que se aplicó la técnica de inmunodifusión en gel de agar para detectar anticuerpos contra el virus de la anemia infecciosa equina: todo rebaño en el que hubiera un animal seropositivo era considerado un foco. La tasa de prevalencia de rebaños infectados resultó del 17,2% (intervalo de confianza [IC] al 95%: 14,9­19,8) y la de individuos infectados del 6,6% (IC 95%: 5,8­7,5). Las tasas más elevadas se observaron en la región de Pantanal: un 36,1% (IC 95%: 30,8­41,7) de prevalencia de rebaño y un 17,0% (IC 95%: 14,7­19,6) de prevalencia individual. La distribución espacial del riesgo relativo se determinó con arreglo a la densidad kernel, proceso que reveló la presencia de tres grandes conglomerados: las mayores tasas de prevalencia se situaban en las regiones del noroeste (en el caso del bioma amazónico), el noreste (biomade Cerrado) y el sur (bioma de Pantanal). Se observó que existía una estrecha correlación espacial entre explotaciones, y aunque en los biomas de la Amazonia y Cerrado había elevadas tasas de prevalencia intrarrebaño, fue en el bioma de Pantanal donde se observó la correlación espacial más estrecha con los focos de anemia infecciosa equina. La presencia de equinos seropositivos venía asociada a variables relacionadas con la gestión de las explotaciones, hecho que pone de relieve la influencia humana en la cuestión. A tenor de los resultados, cabe concluir que la anemia infecciosa equina está presente en todos los biomas del estado y que los factores de riesgo guardan relación con la interferencia humana en el proceso de transmisión. Ante tal situación, convendría evaluar de nuevo el programa de lucha contra la anemia infecciosa y poner mayor acento en las medidas profilácticas para combatir la enfermedad.


Subject(s)
Equine Infectious Anemia , Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine , Animals , Antibodies, Viral , Brazil , Horses , Risk Factors
3.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 38(4): 1875-1886, Jul.-Ago. 2017. tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-24985

ABSTRACT

Animal agglomerations at commercial events such as trade fairs represent an important facilitator in infectious disease transmission. Thus, it is crucial to understand the epidemiology of infectious diseases in small ruminants. The objective of this study was to examine lentiviral presence in goats and sheep traded at the animal fair of Tabira city (Sertão region of Pernambuco) and identify possible risk factors associated with infection. We collected serum samples from 233 crossbred goats and 119 crossbred sheep, belonging to 12 breeders, at the Tabira livestock fair from November 2014 to June 2015. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to analyze the risk factors. Agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and western blotting (WB) were performed to diagnose small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) infection. In the AGID test, we used maedi-visna virus (MVV) antigens for sheep and caprine arthritis/encephalitis virus (strain Cork) (CAEV-Co) antigen for goats. The WB analysis used CAEV-Co antigen for both species. Variables from the questionnaire were analyzed with univariate and multivariate statistics. One seropositive goat but no sheep was identified via AGID. According to the WB results, 15/233 goats (6.44%; CI95% = 3.94 - 10.35%) and 8/119 sheep (6.72%; CI95% = 3.45 - 12.71%) were seropositive, totaling 23/352 reactive animals (6.53%; CI95% = 4.39 - 9.61%) from 12 herds. Annual vermifugation of the animals was a significantrisk factor (odds ratio = 5.9; CI95% = 1.7-19.8; p = 0.04) for disease in goats, but no variables associatedwith infection risks were identified in sheep. We concluded that SRLV was present in goats and sheep atthe animal fair. Western blots were more sensitive than AGID for SRLV diagnosis. Practices aiming toimprove sanitary management may reduce the risk of infection in goats. All studied herds included animalsidentified as seropositive for SRLV. Therefore, we recommend adopting measures that increase diseasediagnosis while intensifying...(AU)


Aglomerações de animais em eventos comerciais do tipo feiras de negócios representam um importante elo na transmissão de doenças infecciosas, resultando na importância do conhecimento acerca da epidemiologia das doenças de pequenos ruminantes. Desta forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a presença das lentiviroses em caprinos e ovinos comercializados na feira de animais da cidade de Tabira, Sertão de Pernambuco, bem como a identificação de possíveis fatores de risco associados à enfermidade. Foram coletadas amostras de soro de 233 caprinos e 119 ovinos, sem raça definida, pertencentes a doze proprietários, na feira de animais vivos do município no período de novembro de 2014 a junho de 2015. Foi aplicado questionário epidemiológico para análise dos fatores de risco. O diagnóstico da infecção por Lentivirus de Pequenos Ruminantes (LVPR) nas espécies foi realizado pela Imunodifusão em ágar-gel (IDGA) e Western Blotting (WB). Na IDGA foram utilizados antígenos de Vírus Maedi-visna (MVV) para ovinos e de vírus da Artrite-Encefalite Caprina (CAEV), cepa CAEV- Cork para caprinos, e no WB foi utilizado a cepa CAEV- Cork como antígeno para ambas espécies. As variáveis obtidas no questionário foram submetidas a análises estatísticas univariada e multivariada. Pela técnica de IDGA foi possível identificar um caprino soropositivo. Não foi detectada positividade nos ovinos. No WB 15/233 (6,44%; IC95% = 3,94 10,35%) caprinos e 8/119 (6,72%; IC95% = 3,45 12,71%) ovinosforam soropositivos, totalizando 23/352 (6,53%; IC95% = 4,39 9,61%) animais reagentes. Os dozerebanhos estudados apresentaram animais soropositivos. Vermifugar os animais anualmente (odds ratio= 5,9; IC 95% = 1,7 19,8; p = 0,04) foi identificado como fator de risco para enfermidade em caprinos.Não foram identificadas variáveis associadas ao risco de infecção em ovinos. Concluiu-se que os LVPRestão presentes em caprinos e ovinos comercializados na feira de animais. A técnica de WB...(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Ruminants/abnormalities , Ruminants/microbiology , Lentivirus Infections/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Lentivirus/pathogenicity
4.
Rev Sci Tech ; 36(3): 789-798, 2017 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30160701

ABSTRACT

The equine influenza virus (EIV) H3N8 subtype is responsible for all EIV outbreaks worldwide while the H7N7 subtype is less pathogenic and is considered extinct as it has not been confirmed in outbreaks since 1980. Although EIV is enzootic in Brazil, few reports describe the actual EIV antibody status in the country. The aims of this study were: - to evaluate the efficiency of different serum treatments described by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and the World Health Organization (WHO) to remove non-specific haemagglutination inhibitors for the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay for EIV - to evaluate the presence of EIV antibodies by HI, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and agar gel immunodiffusion in 83 non-vaccinated equines from São Paulo State - to evaluate a strategy to better analyse equine sera for EIV antibodies. Although there was no statistical difference among treatments, receptor-destroying enzyme treatment followed by chicken erythrocyte adsorption showed more consistent results, which corroborate the OIE and WHO recommendation to use this treatment preferentially. The HI results suggest equine H3N8 virus circulation among the animals tested from São Paulo State. The algorithm suggested here could be used to guide antibody detection against equine influenza virus in equines, improving the test specificity by aiming to avoid false positive results.


Tous les foyers de grippe équine dans le monde sont dus au sous-type H3N8 du virus. Le sous-type H7N7, moins pathogène, est considéré comme éteint, sa présence n'ayant été confirmée dans aucun des foyers enregistrés depuis 1980. Au Brésil, la grippe équine est enzootique mais la prévalence d'anticorps dans le pays est peu documentée. La présente étude avait trois objectifs : ­ évaluer l'efficacité de plusieurs traitements de sérums décrits par l'Organisation mondiale de la santé animale (OIE) et l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) sur la suppression des inhibiteurs d'hémagglutination non spécifiques, afin de pouvoir utiliser l'épreuve d'inhibition de l'hémagglutination pour la détection de la grippe équine, ­ évaluer la présence d'anticorps dirigés contre la grippe équine chez 83 chevaux non vaccinés de l'état de São Paulo en utilisant l'inhibition de l'hémagglutination, l'épreuve immuno-enzymatique (ELISA) et l'épreuve d'immunodiffusion en gélose (IDG) ; ­ évaluer une stratégie visant à améliorer les techniques sérologiques de détection des anticorps dirigés contre la grippe équine. S'il n'y a pas eu de différence statistique significative entre les traitements, celui faisant appel à l'enzyme de destruction du récepteur suivi d'une adsorption sur érythrocytes de poule a permis d'obtenir les résultats les plus cohérents, ce qui corrobore les recommandations de l'OIE et de l'OMS en faveur de ce traitement. Les résultats obtenus au moyen de l'inhibition de l'hémagglutination indiquent que le virus H3N8 est présent parmi les animaux testés de l'état de São Paulo. L'algorithme présenté par les auteurs pourrait servir de modèle pour détecter la présence d'anticorps dirigés contre le virus de la grippe équine chez les chevaux : en effet, il permet d'éviter les résultats faussement positifs, ce qui améliore la spécificité du test utilisé.


El subtipo H3N8 del virus de la gripe equina (VGE) es el agente etiológico de todos los brotes que se producen en el mundo, mientras que el subtipo H7N7, menos patogénico, se da por extinto, en la medida en que desde 1980 no se ha confirmado su intervención en brote alguno. Aunque en el Brasil el VGE es enzoótico, existen pocos trabajos que den cuenta de la situación real del país en cuanto a la presencia de anticuerpos contra el virus. Los autores describen un estudio que perseguía los siguientes objetivos: ­ evaluar la eficacia de distintos tratamientos séricos descritos por la Organización Mundial de Sanidad Animal (OIE) y la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para eliminar los inhibidores inespecíficos de la hemaglutinación con objeto de aplicar la técnica de inhibición de la hemaglutinación a la detección del VGE; ­ evaluar la presencia de anticuerpos contra el VGE por inhibición de la hemaglutinación, ensayo inmunoenzimático (ELISA) e inmunodifusión en gel de agar en 83 ejemplares equinos no vacunados del estado de São Paulo; ­ evaluar una estrategia encaminada a analizar más eficazmente sueros equinos para detectar en ellos anticuerpos anti-VGE. Aunque no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los tratamientos, el uso de enzimas destructores de receptores seguido de la técnica de adsorción de eritrocitos de pollo arrojó resultados más coherentes, cosa que avala la recomendación de la OIE y la OMS de privilegiar este tratamiento. Los resultados obtenidos por inhibición de la hemaglutinación parecen indicar que el virus H3N8 equino circula entre los animales analizados del estado de São Paulo. El algoritmo aquí propuesto podría servir de guía para detectar en equinos la presencia de anticuerpos contra el VGE. Puesto que apunta a evitar falsos positivos, su aplicación mejoraría la especificidad de la prueba.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/blood , Horse Diseases/virology , Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype , Orthomyxoviridae Infections/veterinary , Serologic Tests/veterinary , Animals , Brazil/epidemiology , Horse Diseases/blood , Horse Diseases/epidemiology , Horses , Orthomyxoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology , Serologic Tests/methods
5.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 84: 1-8, 2017. tab, map
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1462436

ABSTRACT

Small ruminant lentiviruses (LV) is the generic term for the caprine arthritis-encephalitis and ­­Maedi-Visna viruses, which belong to the Retroviridae family, Orthoretrovirinae subfamily, Lentivirus genus. The virus infects goats and sheep, causing slow course of disease with inflammatory, chronic and degenerative lesions, which can reach several organs, provoking cachexia and death. Infected animals eliminate the virus mainly through secretions and excretions and transmit it especially in close contact situations. There is no treatment to date. The control is based on segregated creation, management and sacrifice of the positive. This infectious agent has been reported in various parts of the world and is responsible for significant economic losses. It was verified in several states of Brazil and there are seroepidemiological data in southeast and southwest mesoregions of Piauí, Brazil. This research aimed to perform serological survey to investigate the occurrence of antibodies to LV in sheep and goats, in the regions of Alto Médio Canindé, Picos and Floriano. So, 1,280 and 1,360 serum goats and sheep samples, respectively, were collected, coming from 20 municipalities, distributed in the 3 microregions. The number of samples was proportional to the actual herd of each municipality. The samples were analyzed using the agar gel immunodiffusion test. None of the surveyed sera reacted positively, though there is a null seroprevalence. It was emphasized the importance of implementing a rigorous control program in order to prevent the introduction and spread of this infectious agent in these microregions.


Lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes (LV) é o termo genérico utilizado para designar os vírus da artrite encefalite caprina e Maedi-Visna, os quais pertencem à família Retroviridae, subfamília Orthoretrovirinae, gênero Lentivirus. Tais vírus infectam caprinos e ovinos, causando enfermidades de curso lento com lesões inflamatórias, crônicas e degenerativas que podem atingir vários órgãos, provocando caquexia e morte. Os animais infectados eliminam o vírus sobretudo por meio de secreções e excreções e transmitem-no especialmente em situações de estreito contato. Não há tratamento até o momento. O controle é baseado na criação segregada, no manejo e no sacrifício dos positivos. Esse agente infeccioso já foi relatado em várias partes do mundo, sendo responsável por perdas econômicas significativas. Por o agente ter sido verificado em vários estados do Brasil e por não existirem dados soroepidemiológicos nas mesorregiões sudeste e sudoeste piauiense, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo realizar inquérito sorológico para investigar a ocorrência de anticorpos para o LV em ovinos e caprinos nas microrregiões do Alto Médio Canindé, Picos e Floriano, no Piauí. Para tanto, foram coletadas 1.280 e 1.360 amostras de soro caprino e ovino, respectivamente, oriundos de 20 municípios, distribuídos nas três microrregiões, sendo o número de amostras proporcional ao rebanho efetivo de cada município. As amostras de soro foram analisadas utilizando o teste de imunodifusão em gel de agarose (IDGA). Nenhum dos soros pesquisados reagiu positivamente, constatando-se soroprevalência nula. Ressalta-se a importância da implantação de um rigoroso programa de controle para que se possa evitar a introdução e/ou a disseminação desse agente infeccioso nessas microrregiões.


Subject(s)
Animals , Lentiviruses, Ovine-Caprine , Visna-maedi virus , Seroepidemiologic Studies
6.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 84: e0302015, 2017. tab, mapas
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-887862

ABSTRACT

Lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes (LV) é o termo genérico utilizado para designar os vírus da artrite encefalite caprina e Maedi-Visna, os quais pertencem à família Retroviridae, subfamília Orthoretrovirinae, gênero Lentivirus. Tais vírus infectam caprinos e ovinos, causando enfermidades de curso lento com lesões inflamatórias, crônicas e degenerativas que podem atingir vários órgãos, provocando caquexia e morte. Os animais infectados eliminam o vírus sobretudo por meio de secreções e excreções e transmitem-no especialmente em situações de estreito contato. Não há tratamento até o momento. O controle é baseado na criação segregada, no manejo e no sacrifício dos positivos. Esse agente infeccioso já foi relatado em várias partes do mundo, sendo responsável por perdas econômicas significativas. Por o agente ter sido verificado em vários estados do Brasil e por não existirem dados soroepidemiológicos nas mesorregiões sudeste e sudoeste piauiense, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo realizar inquérito sorológico para investigar a ocorrência de anticorpos para o LV em ovinos e caprinos nas microrregiões do Alto Médio Canindé, Picos e Floriano, no Piauí. Para tanto, foram coletadas 1.280 e 1.360 amostras de soro caprino e ovino, respectivamente, oriundos de 20 municípios, distribuídos nas três microrregiões, sendo o número de amostras proporcional ao rebanho efetivo de cada município. As amostras de soro foram analisadas utilizando o teste de imunodifusão em gel de agarose (IDGA). Nenhum dos soros pesquisados reagiu positivamente, constatando-se soroprevalência nula. Ressalta-se a importância da implantação de um rigoroso programa de controle para que se possa evitar a introdução e/ou a disseminação desse agente infeccioso nessas microrregiões.(AU)


Small ruminant lentiviruses (LV) is the generic term for the caprine arthritis-encephalitis and ­­Maedi-Visna viruses, which belong to the Retroviridae family, Orthoretrovirinae subfamily, Lentivirus genus. The virus infects goats and sheep, causing slow course of disease with inflammatory, chronic and degenerative lesions, which can reach several organs, provoking cachexia and death. Infected animals eliminate the virus mainly through secretions and excretions and transmit it especially in close contact situations. There is no treatment to date. The control is based on segregated creation, management and sacrifice of the positive. This infectious agent has been reported in various parts of the world and is responsible for significant economic losses. It was verified in several states of Brazil and there are seroepidemiological data in southeast and southwest mesoregions of Piauí, Brazil. This research aimed to perform serological survey to investigate the occurrence of antibodies to LV in sheep and goats, in the regions of Alto Médio Canindé, Picos and Floriano. So, 1,280 and 1,360 serum goats and sheep samples, respectively, were collected, coming from 20 municipalities, distributed in the 3 microregions. The number of samples was proportional to the actual herd of each municipality. The samples were analyzed using the agar gel immunodiffusion test. None of the surveyed sera reacted positively, though there is a null seroprevalence. It was emphasized the importance of implementing a rigorous control program in order to prevent the introduction and spread of this infectious agent in these microregions.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Visna-maedi virus , Lentiviruses, Ovine-Caprine , Louping Ill , Seroepidemiologic Studies
7.
Arq. Inst. Biol. ; 84: 1-8, 2017. tab, mapas
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-2365

ABSTRACT

Small ruminant lentiviruses (LV) is the generic term for the caprine arthritis-encephalitis and ­­Maedi-Visna viruses, which belong to the Retroviridae family, Orthoretrovirinae subfamily, Lentivirus genus. The virus infects goats and sheep, causing slow course of disease with inflammatory, chronic and degenerative lesions, which can reach several organs, provoking cachexia and death. Infected animals eliminate the virus mainly through secretions and excretions and transmit it especially in close contact situations. There is no treatment to date. The control is based on segregated creation, management and sacrifice of the positive. This infectious agent has been reported in various parts of the world and is responsible for significant economic losses. It was verified in several states of Brazil and there are seroepidemiological data in southeast and southwest mesoregions of Piauí, Brazil. This research aimed to perform serological survey to investigate the occurrence of antibodies to LV in sheep and goats, in the regions of Alto Médio Canindé, Picos and Floriano. So, 1,280 and 1,360 serum goats and sheep samples, respectively, were collected, coming from 20 municipalities, distributed in the 3 microregions. The number of samples was proportional to the actual herd of each municipality. The samples were analyzed using the agar gel immunodiffusion test. None of the surveyed sera reacted positively, though there is a null seroprevalence. It was emphasized the importance of implementing a rigorous control program in order to prevent the introduction and spread of this infectious agent in these microregions.(AU)


Lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes (LV) é o termo genérico utilizado para designar os vírus da artrite encefalite caprina e Maedi-Visna, os quais pertencem à família Retroviridae, subfamília Orthoretrovirinae, gênero Lentivirus. Tais vírus infectam caprinos e ovinos, causando enfermidades de curso lento com lesões inflamatórias, crônicas e degenerativas que podem atingir vários órgãos, provocando caquexia e morte. Os animais infectados eliminam o vírus sobretudo por meio de secreções e excreções e transmitem-no especialmente em situações de estreito contato. Não há tratamento até o momento. O controle é baseado na criação segregada, no manejo e no sacrifício dos positivos. Esse agente infeccioso já foi relatado em várias partes do mundo, sendo responsável por perdas econômicas significativas. Por o agente ter sido verificado em vários estados do Brasil e por não existirem dados soroepidemiológicos nas mesorregiões sudeste e sudoeste piauiense, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo realizar inquérito sorológico para investigar a ocorrência de anticorpos para o LV em ovinos e caprinos nas microrregiões do Alto Médio Canindé, Picos e Floriano, no Piauí. Para tanto, foram coletadas 1.280 e 1.360 amostras de soro caprino e ovino, respectivamente, oriundos de 20 municípios, distribuídos nas três microrregiões, sendo o número de amostras proporcional ao rebanho efetivo de cada município. As amostras de soro foram analisadas utilizando o teste de imunodifusão em gel de agarose (IDGA). Nenhum dos soros pesquisados reagiu positivamente, constatando-se soroprevalência nula. Ressalta-se a importância da implantação de um rigoroso programa de controle para que se possa evitar a introdução e/ou a disseminação desse agente infeccioso nessas microrregiões.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Lentiviruses, Ovine-Caprine , Visna-maedi virus , Seroepidemiologic Studies
8.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 38(4): 1875-1886, 2017. tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1500854

ABSTRACT

Animal agglomerations at commercial events such as trade fairs represent an important facilitator in infectious disease transmission. Thus, it is crucial to understand the epidemiology of infectious diseases in small ruminants. The objective of this study was to examine lentiviral presence in goats and sheep traded at the animal fair of Tabira city (Sertão region of Pernambuco) and identify possible risk factors associated with infection. We collected serum samples from 233 crossbred goats and 119 crossbred sheep, belonging to 12 breeders, at the Tabira livestock fair from November 2014 to June 2015. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to analyze the risk factors. Agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and western blotting (WB) were performed to diagnose small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) infection. In the AGID test, we used maedi-visna virus (MVV) antigens for sheep and caprine arthritis/encephalitis virus (strain Cork) (CAEV-Co) antigen for goats. The WB analysis used CAEV-Co antigen for both species. Variables from the questionnaire were analyzed with univariate and multivariate statistics. One seropositive goat but no sheep was identified via AGID. According to the WB results, 15/233 goats (6.44%; CI95% = 3.94 - 10.35%) and 8/119 sheep (6.72%; CI95% = 3.45 - 12.71%) were seropositive, totaling 23/352 reactive animals (6.53%; CI95% = 4.39 - 9.61%) from 12 herds. Annual vermifugation of the animals was a significantrisk factor (odds ratio = 5.9; CI95% = 1.7-19.8; p = 0.04) for disease in goats, but no variables associatedwith infection risks were identified in sheep. We concluded that SRLV was present in goats and sheep atthe animal fair. Western blots were more sensitive than AGID for SRLV diagnosis. Practices aiming toimprove sanitary management may reduce the risk of infection in goats. All studied herds included animalsidentified as seropositive for SRLV. Therefore, we recommend adopting measures that increase diseasediagnosis while intensifying...


Aglomerações de animais em eventos comerciais do tipo feiras de negócios representam um importante elo na transmissão de doenças infecciosas, resultando na importância do conhecimento acerca da epidemiologia das doenças de pequenos ruminantes. Desta forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a presença das lentiviroses em caprinos e ovinos comercializados na feira de animais da cidade de Tabira, Sertão de Pernambuco, bem como a identificação de possíveis fatores de risco associados à enfermidade. Foram coletadas amostras de soro de 233 caprinos e 119 ovinos, sem raça definida, pertencentes a doze proprietários, na feira de animais vivos do município no período de novembro de 2014 a junho de 2015. Foi aplicado questionário epidemiológico para análise dos fatores de risco. O diagnóstico da infecção por Lentivirus de Pequenos Ruminantes (LVPR) nas espécies foi realizado pela Imunodifusão em ágar-gel (IDGA) e Western Blotting (WB). Na IDGA foram utilizados antígenos de Vírus Maedi-visna (MVV) para ovinos e de vírus da Artrite-Encefalite Caprina (CAEV), cepa CAEV- Cork para caprinos, e no WB foi utilizado a cepa CAEV- Cork como antígeno para ambas espécies. As variáveis obtidas no questionário foram submetidas a análises estatísticas univariada e multivariada. Pela técnica de IDGA foi possível identificar um caprino soropositivo. Não foi detectada positividade nos ovinos. No WB 15/233 (6,44%; IC95% = 3,94 – 10,35%) caprinos e 8/119 (6,72%; IC95% = 3,45 – 12,71%) ovinosforam soropositivos, totalizando 23/352 (6,53%; IC95% = 4,39 – 9,61%) animais reagentes. Os dozerebanhos estudados apresentaram animais soropositivos. Vermifugar os animais anualmente (odds ratio= 5,9; IC 95% = 1,7 – 19,8; p = 0,04) foi identificado como fator de risco para enfermidade em caprinos.Não foram identificadas variáveis associadas ao risco de infecção em ovinos. Concluiu-se que os LVPRestão presentes em caprinos e ovinos comercializados na feira de animais. A técnica de WB...


Subject(s)
Animals , Risk Factors , Lentivirus Infections/epidemiology , Ruminants/abnormalities , Ruminants/microbiology , Lentivirus/pathogenicity
9.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 38(4): 1875-1886, 2017.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-744610

ABSTRACT

Animal agglomerations at commercial events such as trade fairs represent an important facilitator in infectious disease transmission. Thus, it is crucial to understand the epidemiology of infectious diseases in small ruminants. The objective of this study was to examine lentiviral presence in goats and sheep traded at the animal fair of Tabira city (Sertão region of Pernambuco) and identify possible risk factors associated with infection. We collected serum samples from 233 crossbred goats and 119 crossbred sheep, belonging to 12 breeders, at the Tabira livestock fair from November 2014 to June 2015. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to analyze the risk factors. Agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and western blotting (WB) were performed to diagnose small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) infection. In the AGID test, we used maedi-visna virus (MVV) antigens for sheep and caprine arthritis/encephalitis virus (strain Cork) (CAEV-Co) antigen for goats. The WB analysis used CAEV-Co antigen for both species. Variables from the questionnaire were analyzed with univariate and multivariate statistics. One seropositive goat but no sheep was identified via AGID. According to the WB results, 15/233 goats (6.44%; CI95% = 3.94 - 10.35%) and 8/119 sheep (6.72%; CI95% = 3.45 - 12.71%) were seropositive, totaling 23/352 reactive animals (6.53%; CI95% = 4.39 - 9.61%) from 12 herds. Annual vermifug


Aglomerações de animais em eventos comerciais do tipo feiras de negócios representam um importante elo na transmissão de doenças infecciosas, resultando na importância do conhecimento acerca da epidemiologia das doenças de pequenos ruminantes. Desta forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a presença das lentiviroses em caprinos e ovinos comercializados na feira de animais da cidade de Tabira, Sertão de Pernambuco, bem como a identificação de possíveis fatores de risco associados à enfermidade. Foram coletadas amostras de soro de 233 caprinos e 119 ovinos, sem raça definida, pertencentes a doze proprietários, na feira de animais vivos do município no período de novembro de 2014 a junho de 2015. Foi aplicado questionário epidemiológico para análise dos fatores de risco. O diagnóstico da infecção por Lentivirus de Pequenos Ruminantes (LVPR) nas espécies foi realizado pela Imunodifusão em ágar-gel (IDGA) e Western Blotting (WB). Na IDGA foram utilizados antígenos de Vírus Maedi-visna (MVV) para ovinos e de vírus da Artrite-Encefalite Caprina (CAEV), cepa CAEV- Cork para caprinos, e no WB foi utilizado a cepa CAEV- Cork como antígeno para ambas espécies. As variáveis obtidas no questionário foram submetidas a análises estatísticas univariada e multivariada. Pela técnica de IDGA foi possível identificar um caprino soropositivo. Não foi detectada positividade nos ovinos. No WB 1

10.
R. bras. Ci. Vet. ; 23(1/2): 4742, jan./jun. 2016. mapas, tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-15684

ABSTRACT

Although it has been reported in several states, no information about Maedi-Visna (MV) in the state of Maranhão is available. The aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of Maedi Visna Virus (MVV) in sheep flocks of the three most important sheep rearing areas from Maranhão State, Brazil. We surveyed 1.495 blood samples from sheep older than six months, of both sexes and various breeds. The samples were collected from 83 herds of 23 municipalities present in the Central, East and North regions of Maranhão. The immunodifusion agar gel (micro-AGID) performed serological diagnosis of infection MVV. The statistical analysis was performed by Fishers test, using Epi Info. It was found an overall prevalence of MVV infection of 0,7% (CI95%:0,4-1,3%) the ovines and prevalence of 0,5% (CI95%:0,1-1,4%), 0,7% (CI95%:0,2-1,8%) e 1% (CI95%:0,3-2,4%) in the Central, East and North regions, respectively. In relation to sex, there wasnt a significant difference (P>0.05) between males (0,5,%, CI95%:0-2,7%) and females (0,8%, CI95%:0,4-1,4%), as well as in relation to genetic comparing sheep purebreds (1,5%, CI95%:0,4-8,1%), crossbred (1%, CI95%:0,4-2,0%) and SRD (0,3%, IC95%:0,04-1,1%). In relation to age wasnt observed significant difference. It has concluded that infection with MVV is present in the studied population in low prevalence. This is the first record of MVV in sheep in the State of Maranhão. Considering the low prevalence is necessary to prevent the introduction and spread of the virus between flocks by requiring negative tests for MVV and disposal of positive sheep.(AU)


Apesar de ter sido relatada em vários estados, não há informação sobre o Vírus da Maedi Visna (MVV) no Maranhão, e com o crescimento de sua ovinocultura, aumenta o fluxo de animais de outras regiões. Com isso objetivou-se determinar a soroprevalência do MVV em rebanhos ovinos das três principais mesorregiões produtoras do estado do Maranhão, através da pesquisa das 1.495 amostras sanguíneas de ovinos, com idade superior a seis meses, pertencentes a 83 rebanhos de 23 municípios das mesorregiões Cento, Leste e Norte. O diagnóstico sorológico da infecção pelo vírus MVV foi realizado por meio do teste de imunodifusão em gel de ágar (micro-IDGA). Constatou-se uma prevalência geral de 0,7% (IC95%:0,4-1,3%) de ovinos soropositivos e prevalências nas mesorregiões Centro, Leste e Norte de 0,5% (IC95%:0,1-1,4%), 0,7% (IC95%:0,2-1,8%) e 1% (IC95%:0,3-2,4%) respectivamente. Em relação à variável sexo, não foi observada diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre machos (0,5%, IC95%:0-2,7%) e fêmeas (0,8%, IC95%:0,4-1,4%), assim como quanto a genética comparando-se ovinos de raças puras (1,5%, IC95%: 0,4-8,1%), mestiços (1%, IC95%:0,4-2,0%) e SRD (0,3%, IC95%:0,04-1,1%). A análise quanto à idade não demonstrou diferença significante (P>0,05). Conclui-se que a infecção pelo MVV está presente em ovinos das mesorregiões estudadas, sendo este o primeiro registro desta enfermidade no estado do Maranhão. Considerando a baixa prevalência, é necessário evitar a introdução e a propagação do vírus entre os rebanhos, através da exigência de testes negativos para MVV e descarte dos ovinos positivos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Sheep/immunology , Visna-maedi virus/immunology , Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Immunodiffusion/veterinary
11.
J Virol Methods ; 230: 9-12, 2016 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26800775

ABSTRACT

Pseudorabies virus (PrV) causes Aujeszky's disease (AD), which affects mainly swine, but also cattle, sheep, and wild animals, resulting in substantial economic losses due to animal mortality and lost productivity worldwide. To combat PrV, eradication programs using PrV strains lacking the gene encoding glycoprotein E (gE) are ongoing in several countries. These eradication programs have generated a currently unmet demand for affordable, easy-to-use, and sensitive tests that can detect PrV infection in pigs infected with either wild-type virus or vaccine strain (gE-deleted) virus. To meet this demand, we used the baculovirus-insect cell system to produce recombinant glycoprotein B (gB) as antigen for an immune assay. The high GC-content (70% average) of the gB gene from the Argentinian PrV CL15 strain necessitated the use of betaine as a PCR enhancer to amplify the extracellular domain. Recombinant gB was expressed at high levels and reacted strongly with sera from PrV infected pigs. We used the recombinant gB to develop an agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test for detection of PrV antibodies. Compared to the gold standard virus neutralization (VN) assay, the AGID sensitivity and specificity were 95% and 96.6% respectively. Thus, recombinant gB produced in the baculovirus-insect cell system is a viable source of antigen for the detection of PrV antibodies in AGID tests. Considering its relatively lower cost, simplicity of use and result interpretation, our AGID is a valuable alternative tool to the VN assay.


Subject(s)
Neutralization Tests , Recombinant Proteins/immunology , Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology , Animals , Antigens, Viral , Baculoviridae , Immunodiffusion/methods , Neutralization Tests/methods , Pseudorabies/diagnosis , Pseudorabies/virology , Recombinant Proteins/genetics , Sensitivity and Specificity , Swine , Swine Diseases/diagnosis , Swine Diseases/virology , Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics
12.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 23(1-2): 41-47, jan./jun. 2016. il.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-995412

ABSTRACT

Apesar de ter sido relatada em vários estados, não há informação sobre o Vírus da Maedi Visna (MVV) no Maranhão, e com o crescimento de sua ovinocultura, aumenta o fluxo de animais de outras regiões. Com isso objetivou-se determinar a soroprevalência do MVV em rebanhos ovinos das três principais mesorregiões produtoras do estado do Maranhão, através da pesquisa das 1.495 amostras sanguíneas de ovinos, com idade superior a seis meses, pertencentes a 83 rebanhos de 23 municípios das mesorregiões Cento, Leste e Norte. O diagnóstico sorológico da infecção pelo vírus MVV foi realizado por meio do teste de imunodifusão em gel de ágar (micro-IDGA). Constatou-se uma prevalência geral de 0,7% (IC95%:0,4-1,3%) de ovinos soropositivos e prevalências nas mesorregiões Centro, Leste e Norte de 0,5% (IC95%:0,1-1,4%), 0,7% (IC95%:0,2-1,8%) e 1% (IC95%:0,3-2,4%) respectivamente. Em relação à variável sexo, não foi observada diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre machos (0,5%, IC95%:0-2,7%) e fêmeas (0,8%, IC95%:0,4-1,4%), assim como quanto a genética comparando-se ovinos de raças puras (1,5%, IC95%: 0,4-8,1%), mestiços (1%, IC95%:0,4-2,0%) e SRD (0,3%, IC95%:0,04-1,1%). A análise quanto à idade não demonstrou diferença significante (P>0,05). Conclui-se que a infecção pelo MVV está presente em ovinos das mesorregiões estudadas, sendo este o primeiro registro desta enfermidade no estado do Maranhão. Considerando a baixa prevalência, é necessário evitar a introdução e a propagação do vírus entre os rebanhos, através da exigência de testes negativos para MVV e descarte dos ovinos positivos.


Although it has been reported in several states, no information about Maedi-Visna (MV) in the state of Maranhão is available. The aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of Maedi Visna Virus (MVV) in sheep flocks of the three most important sheep rearing areas from Maranhão State, Brazil. We surveyed 1.495 blood samples from sheep older than six months, of both sexes and various breeds. The samples were collected from 83 herds of 23 municipalities present in the Central, East and North regions of Maranhão. The immunodifusion agar gel (micro-AGID) performed serological diagnosis of infection MVV. The statistical analysis was performed by Fisher's test, using Epi Info. It was found an overall prevalence of MVV infection of 0,7% (CI95%:0,4-1,3%) the ovines and prevalence of 0,5% (CI95%:0,1-1,4%), 0,7% (CI95%:0,2-1,8%) e 1% (CI95%:0,3-2,4%) in the Central, East and North regions, respectively. In relation to sex, there wasn't a significant difference (P>0.05) between males (0,5,%, CI95%:0-2,7%) and females (0,8%, CI95%:0,4-1,4%), as well as in relation to genetic comparing sheep purebreds (1,5%, CI95%:0,4-8,1%), crossbred (1%, CI95%:0,4-2,0%) and SRD (0,3%, IC95%:0,04-1,1%). In relation to age wasn't observed significant difference. It has concluded that infection with MVV is present in the studied population in low prevalence. This is the first record of MVV in sheep in the State of Maranhão. Considering the low prevalence is necessary to prevent the introduction and spread of the virus between flocks by requiring negative tests for MVV and disposal of positive sheep.


Subject(s)
Animals , Viruses , Sheep , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Prevalence
13.
Vet J ; 202(1): 198-200, 2014 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25066000

ABSTRACT

Infections with Brucella ceti and pinnipedialis are prevalent in marine mammals worldwide. A total of 22 California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) were examined to determine their exposure to Brucella spp. at San Esteban Island in the Gulf of California, Mexico, in June and July 2011. Although samples of blood, vaginal mucus and milk cultured negative for these bacteria, the application of rose Bengal, agar gel immunodiffusion, PCR and modified fluorescence polarization assays found that five animals (22.7%) had evidence of exposure to Brucella strains. The data also suggested that in two of these five sea lions the strains involved were of terrestrial origin, a novel finding in marine mammals. Further work will be required to validate and determine the epidemiological significance of this finding.


Subject(s)
Brucella/classification , Brucellosis/veterinary , Sea Lions , Animals , Bacteriological Techniques , Brucellosis/microbiology , Female , Mexico , Milk/microbiology , Mucus/microbiology , Pacific Ocean , Vagina/microbiology
14.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 34(6): 2951-2956, 2013.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-472390

ABSTRACT

The aim of this survey was to verify the occurrence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in captive animals in the Parque Zoobotânico Arruda Câmara, João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 49 animals: 26 mammals of the species Sapajus libidinosus, Cebus flavius, Saimiri sciureu, Coendu sp., Pseudalopex vetulus, Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus tigrinus, Galactitis vitata, Eira barbara, Nasua nasua, Tayassu tajacu and Ratus norvegicus; 10 birds of the species Penelope jacucaca, Pavo cristatus, Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, Ara chlorothpterus, Pionites leucogaster, Polyborus plancus, Geranoaetus melanoleucus and Urubitinga urubitinga; and 13 reptiles of the species Caiman latirostris, Paleosuchus trigonatus, Caiman crocodilus, Tupinabis merinae, Tupinambis teguixin, Boa constrictor, Corallus hortulanus, Python molurus, Bufocephala vanderhaegei, Geochelone denticulata and Geochelone carboraria. Sera were examined by the microscopic agglutination teste (MAT) using 24 serovars as antigens and cut-off point of 1:100. One ocelot (Leopardo pardalis) presented positive reaction for the Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar with titer of 100, however, it did not show any clinical sign of the infection. Sinantropic rodents are the main reservoirs of this serovar, which suggests the need of maintenance and continuous evaluation of rodent control programs.


Canine brucellosis is an infectious disease of worldwide distribution that can affect dogs, wild canids and man. It is caused by Brucella canis, but dogs can also be infected by smooth Brucella such as B. abortus and B. suis. Due to the increasing importance of dogs in our society, to the scarcity of information about canine brucellosis in the country and its zoonotic character, the aims of the present study were (i) to conduct a survey on the infection by B. canis and smooth Brucella in dogs from the municipality of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, and (ii) to evaluate the risk factors associated with these infections. Sera from 241 dogs were analyzed by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) to detect B. canisantibodies, and Buffered Acidified Plate Antigen test (BAPA) and fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) to detect antibodies to smooth Brucella. From the 241 tested dogs, 132 reacted in the AGID and 128 reacted in the BAPA, but only two were positive in FPA. The seroprevalences of B. canis and smooth Brucella infections in dogs in Araguaína were 54.77% (95% CI: 48.25 to 61.17%) and 0.83% (95% CI: 0.10 to 2.97%), respectively. The analysis of risk factors showed associations between B. canis infection and vaccination against leptospirosis, and between B. canis infection and use of manufactured food. In conclusion, data from the present study showed a low prevalence of infection by s

15.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 34(6): 2951-2956, 2013.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1499433

ABSTRACT

The aim of this survey was to verify the occurrence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in captive animals in the Parque Zoobotânico Arruda Câmara, João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 49 animals: 26 mammals of the species Sapajus libidinosus, Cebus flavius, Saimiri sciureu, Coendu sp., Pseudalopex vetulus, Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus tigrinus, Galactitis vitata, Eira barbara, Nasua nasua, Tayassu tajacu and Ratus norvegicus; 10 birds of the species Penelope jacucaca, Pavo cristatus, Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, Ara chlorothpterus, Pionites leucogaster, Polyborus plancus, Geranoaetus melanoleucus and Urubitinga urubitinga; and 13 reptiles of the species Caiman latirostris, Paleosuchus trigonatus, Caiman crocodilus, Tupinabis merinae, Tupinambis teguixin, Boa constrictor, Corallus hortulanus, Python molurus, Bufocephala vanderhaegei, Geochelone denticulata and Geochelone carboraria. Sera were examined by the microscopic agglutination teste (MAT) using 24 serovars as antigens and cut-off point of 1:100. One ocelot (Leopardo pardalis) presented positive reaction for the Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar with titer of 100, however, it did not show any clinical sign of the infection. Sinantropic rodents are the main reservoirs of this serovar, which suggests the need of maintenance and continuous evaluation of rodent control programs.


Canine brucellosis is an infectious disease of worldwide distribution that can affect dogs, wild canids and man. It is caused by Brucella canis, but dogs can also be infected by smooth Brucella such as B. abortus and B. suis. Due to the increasing importance of dogs in our society, to the scarcity of information about canine brucellosis in the country and its zoonotic character, the aims of the present study were (i) to conduct a survey on the infection by B. canis and smooth Brucella in dogs from the municipality of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, and (ii) to evaluate the risk factors associated with these infections. Sera from 241 dogs were analyzed by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) to detect B. canisantibodies, and Buffered Acidified Plate Antigen test (BAPA) and fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) to detect antibodies to smooth Brucella. From the 241 tested dogs, 132 reacted in the AGID and 128 reacted in the BAPA, but only two were positive in FPA. The seroprevalences of B. canis and smooth Brucella infections in dogs in Araguaína were 54.77% (95% CI: 48.25 to 61.17%) and 0.83% (95% CI: 0.10 to 2.97%), respectively. The analysis of risk factors showed associations between B. canis infection and vaccination against leptospirosis, and between B. canis infection and use of manufactured food. In conclusion, data from the present study showed a low prevalence of infection by s

16.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 33(4): 1521-1524, 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1498896

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a prevalência de anticorpos contra o vírus da língua azul (BTV) em rebanhos ovinos do Distrito Federal. Soros de 606 ovinos, pertencentes a 18 propriedades, foram analisados pela técnica de imunodifusão em ágar gel (AGID), para pesquisa de anticorpos contra o BTV. As prevalências de rebanhos e de animais infectados pelo vírus da língua azul no Distrito Federal foram respectivamente de 100% (IC 95%: 84,67% a 100%) e de 52,37% (389/606) (IC 95%: 35,76% a 68,98%). Assim, o presente estudo permite concluir que o vírus da língua azul está amplamente disseminada no rebanho ovino do Distrito Federal.


The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of bluetongue virus antibodies in sheep from Distrito Federal. Sera from 606 sheep of 18 herds were submitted to the agar-gel immunodiffusion for bluetongue virus antibodies. The prevalences of bluetongue infection found in Distrito Federal were 100% (CI 95%: 84.67 to 100.00) for flocks and 52.37% (389/606) (CI 95%: 35.76 to 68.98) for animals. Thus, data from the present study showed that infection by bluetongue virus is highly widespread in sheep flocks in the Distrito Federal, which intensifies the need for assessments on the impact of this disease in Brazil.

17.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 33(4): 1521-1524, 2012.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-471300

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a prevalência de anticorpos contra o vírus da língua azul (BTV) em rebanhos ovinos do Distrito Federal. Soros de 606 ovinos, pertencentes a 18 propriedades, foram analisados pela técnica de imunodifusão em ágar gel (AGID), para pesquisa de anticorpos contra o BTV. As prevalências de rebanhos e de animais infectados pelo vírus da língua azul no Distrito Federal foram respectivamente de 100% (IC 95%: 84,67% a 100%) e de 52,37% (389/606) (IC 95%: 35,76% a 68,98%). Assim, o presente estudo permite concluir que o vírus da língua azul está amplamente disseminada no rebanho ovino do Distrito Federal.


The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of bluetongue virus antibodies in sheep from Distrito Federal. Sera from 606 sheep of 18 herds were submitted to the agar-gel immunodiffusion for bluetongue virus antibodies. The prevalences of bluetongue infection found in Distrito Federal were 100% (CI 95%: 84.67 to 100.00) for flocks and 52.37% (389/606) (CI 95%: 35.76 to 68.98) for animals. Thus, data from the present study showed that infection by bluetongue virus is highly widespread in sheep flocks in the Distrito Federal, which intensifies the need for assessments on the impact of this disease in Brazil.

18.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 48(2): 167-171, 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-654019

ABSTRACT

Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar a soroprevalência da infecção por Brucella canis e Brucella abortus e avaliaros possíveis fatores de risco associados à infecção em cães no município de Araguaína, Tocantins. Soros de 374 cães,pertencentes à zona urbana do município de Araguaína-Tocantins, foram analisados pelas técnicas de imunodifusãoem ágar gel (IDGA), para pesquisa de anticorpos contra Brucella canis, e antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT)e polarização fluorescente (FPA) para detecção de anticorpos contra Brucella abortus. Dos 374 soros testados parapresença de anticorpos contra B. abortus, 21 foram reagentes no AAT, entretanto todos foram negativos pela FPA. Àprova do IDGA 167 animais foram reagentes resultando em uma prevalência para B. canis de 44,53% (IC 95%; 39,43 a49,72). A avaliação de possíveis fatores de risco associados à soropositividade para B. canis não revelou a existência derelação entre a infecção e as variáveis individuais estudadas. Assim, o presente estudo permite concluir que não houveanimais infectados por B. abortus e que a infecção por B. canis está disseminada nos cães do município de Araguaína,Tocantins.


The aims of the present study were to determine the seroprevalence of infection by Brucella canis and Brucella abortusand to evaluate possible risk factors for infection in dogs from Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil. Sera from 374 dogs, of theurban zones of the municipality, from both sexes, were submitted to the agar-gel immunodiffusion for Brucella canisantibodiesand to rose Bengal test (AAT) and fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) for Brucella abortus-antibodies.From the 374 tested dogs, 21 reacted in the AAT, but no one was positive in the FPA. The seroprevalence of B. canisinfection found in Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, was 44.53% (95% IC; 39.43 to 49.72). No association was found amongseropositivity for B. canis and the risk factors studied. Thus, data from the present study showed that there was noinfection by B. abortus among dogs in the sample and that infection by B. canis is widespread and at high prevalence inAraguaína, Tocantins, Brazil.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Brazil , Brucella abortus , Brucella canis , Immunodiffusion/veterinary , Zoonoses , Seroepidemiologic Studies
19.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 48(2): 167-171, 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-5681

ABSTRACT

Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar a soroprevalência da infecção por Brucella canis e Brucella abortus e avaliaros possíveis fatores de risco associados à infecção em cães no município de Araguaína, Tocantins. Soros de 374 cães,pertencentes à zona urbana do município de Araguaína-Tocantins, foram analisados pelas técnicas de imunodifusãoem ágar gel (IDGA), para pesquisa de anticorpos contra Brucella canis, e antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT)e polarização fluorescente (FPA) para detecção de anticorpos contra Brucella abortus. Dos 374 soros testados parapresença de anticorpos contra B. abortus, 21 foram reagentes no AAT, entretanto todos foram negativos pela FPA. Àprova do IDGA 167 animais foram reagentes resultando em uma prevalência para B. canis de 44,53% (IC 95%; 39,43 a49,72). A avaliação de possíveis fatores de risco associados à soropositividade para B. canis não revelou a existência derelação entre a infecção e as variáveis individuais estudadas. Assim, o presente estudo permite concluir que não houveanimais infectados por B. abortus e que a infecção por B. canis está disseminada nos cães do município de Araguaína,Tocantins.(AU)


The aims of the present study were to determine the seroprevalence of infection by Brucella canis and Brucella abortusand to evaluate possible risk factors for infection in dogs from Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil. Sera from 374 dogs, of theurban zones of the municipality, from both sexes, were submitted to the agar-gel immunodiffusion for Brucella canisantibodiesand to rose Bengal test (AAT) and fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) for Brucella abortus-antibodies.From the 374 tested dogs, 21 reacted in the AAT, but no one was positive in the FPA. The seroprevalence of B. canisinfection found in Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, was 44.53% (95% IC; 39.43 to 49.72). No association was found amongseropositivity for B. canis and the risk factors studied. Thus, data from the present study showed that there was noinfection by B. abortus among dogs in the sample and that infection by B. canis is widespread and at high prevalence in Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Brazil , Brucella abortus , Brucella canis , Immunodiffusion/veterinary , Zoonoses , Seroepidemiologic Studies
20.
Ciênc. vet. tróp ; 7(2/3): 75-81, 2004.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1480796

ABSTRACT

The term Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLV) is used to designate the ethiological agents of the Caprine Arthritis-encephalitis and Maedi Visna, iIInesses that are disseminated in severaI parts of the world. The purpose of this paper was to report the occurrence of antibodies against SRLV in goats from 24 flocks of nine municipalities in the State of Piauí. Three hundred and sixty samples of caprine serum were tested using CAEV-cork antigen by agar gel immunodiffusion test. Positive results were registered in nine serum samples. Most positive animals were of pure breed (6 Anglo-Nubian and 2 Boer); being only one of an undefined breed. It was concluded that there is a necessity of adoption of effective sanitary control measures, in order to minimize the risks of SRLV propagation to the major caprine population of the state, formed mainly by undefined breed animals.


O termo Lentivirus de Pequenos Ruminantes (LVPR) é utilizado para designar os agentes etiológicos da Artrite-encefalite Caprina e Maedi Visna, enfermidades que estão disseminadas em várias partes do mundo. Neste trabalho, investigou-se a presença de anticorpos contra LVPR em caprinos pertencentes a 24 rebanhos de nove municípios de 5 Microrregiões Homogêneas do Estado do Piauí. Testou-se 360 soros caprinos através do teste de imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA), usando-se antígeno nucleoproteico, amostra CAEV-Cork. Os resultados demonstraram que nove (2,5%) animais reagiram positivamente. A maioria dos animais positivos era de raça pura (6 Anglo Nubiana e 2 Boer); apenas 1 era Sem Raça Definda -SRD. Conclui-se que há necessidade de adoção de efetivas medidas sanitárias de controle, a fim de minimizar os riscos da propagação dos LVPR á grande população caprina do Estado, formada principalmente por animas SRD.

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