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1.
Rev. colomb. anestesiol ; 50(3): e501, July-Sept. 2022. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388937

ABSTRACT

Abstract Pheochromocytomas are neuroendocrine tumors capable of synthetizing, storing and releasing catecholaminergic hormones that may lead to lifethreatening hemodynamic instability. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the risks and perioperative complexity of the patients undergoing pheochromocytoma-associated adrenalectomy. This article discusses the use of adenosine for the management of hypertensive crisis during this intervention, as well as the need to individualize the suitable timing for surgery after recent COVID-19 infection. This article discusses the case of a patient with a finding of right adrenal incidentaloma; further studies determined a metanephrines secreting pheochromocytoma. Following hospital admission for preoperative optimization, the eve of the procedure the patient developed an acute myocardial infarction and subsequently SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic infection. Intraoperatively, hypertensive peaks were managed with continuous adenosine perfusion. The patient was discharged after 48 hours. Preoperative optimization positively influences the intraoperative management of patients with pheochromocytoma. The intraoperative use of adenosine allows for adequate and safe control of hypertensive crises. Each situation must be individualized in patients pending surgery, with a recent COVID-19 infection.


Resumen Los feocromocitomas son tumores neuroendocrinos capaces de sintetizar, almacenar y liberar hormonas catecolaminérgicas que pueden provocar inestabilidad hemodinámica con compromiso vital. La pandemia por COVID-19 ha aumentado los riesgos y la complejidad perioperatoria de los pacientes sometidos a adrenalectomía por feocromocitoma. Describimos el uso de adenosina para manejar las crisis hipertensivas durante esta intervención, así como establecer la necesidad de individualizar el momento quirúrgico idóneo tras infección reciente por COVID-19. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con hallazgo de incidentaloma suprarrenal derecho cuya ampliación de estudio se orientó como feocromocitoma secretor de metanefrinas. Tras ingreso hospitalario para optimización preoperatoria, el día previo al procedimiento presentó un infarto agudo de miocardio y posteriormente una infección sintomática por SARS-CoV-2. Intraoperatoriamente se manejaron los picos hipertensivos con perfusión continua de adenosina. Tras 48 horas recibió el alta hospitalaria. La optimización preoperatoria influye positivamente en el manejo intraoperatorio de los pacientes con feocromocitoma. El uso intraoperatorio de adenosina permite un adecuado y seguro control de las crisis hipertensivas. En pacientes pendientes de cirugía con infección reciente por COVID-19 se requiere individualizar cada situación.


Subject(s)
Pancreas Divisum
2.
CES med ; 35(3): 213-229, sep.-dic. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1374764

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To determine the prescription patterns of antiarrhythmic drugs and variables associated with their use in a population of patients affiliated with the Colombian Health System. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on a population database with patients who received antiarrhythmics from March to May 2016. Sociodemographic, pharmacological and comedication variables were included. SPSS-24 was used for data analysis using X2 tests and multivariate analyses. Results: In total, 2772 patients were treated with antiarrhythmics in the evaluated period. The mean age was 70.1 ± 13.1 years, and 51.2% were women. In total, 79.4% used a β-blocker, 58.5% amiodarone and 2.9% a calcium channel blocker. Moreover, 1192 (43.0%) patients were prescribed a single antiarrhythmic, and 1580 (57.0%) received two or more. There were 2603 patients (93.9%) with comedication, including lipid-lowering drugs (62.6%), inhibitors of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (62.6%) and antiplatelet drugs (42.0%). Age older than 65 years increased the probability of comedication (odds ratio [OR]: 2.48; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.59-3.85), and the risk was proportional to age. We identified 1364 patients treated with conditional risk medications for QT prolongation (49.2%), 68 with a possible risk (2.5%) and 171 (6.2%) with a known risk. Conclusion: Antiarrhythmic drugs recommended by clinical practice guidelines are mainly used; however, risk interactions interactions of QT prolongation were identified and should be taken into account by physicians to avoid adverse events or complications.


Resumen Objetivo: determinar los patrones de prescripción de fármacos antiarrítmicos y variables asociadas a su utilización en una población de pacientes afiliados al sistema de salud de Colombia. Métodos: estudio de corte transversal sobre una base de datos poblacional con pacientes que recibieron antiarrítmicos entre marzo y mayo de 2016. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas, farmacológicas y de comedicación. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó SPSS-24, realizando pruebas X2 y análisis multivariado. Resultados: se encontraron 2 772 pacientes en tratamiento con antiarrítmicos en el periodo evaluado, la edad promedio fue 70,1 ± 13,1 años, 51,2 % eran mujeres. El 79,4% utilizó algún β-bloqueador, 58,5% amiodarona y 2,9 % algún bloqueante de canales de calcio. Al 43 % se les prescribió un solo antiarrítmico y 57 % recibieron dos o más. El 93,9 % tenía con alguna comedicación, especialmente hipolipemiantes (62,6 %), inhibidores del sistema renina angiotensina aldosterona (62,6 %) y antiagregantes (42 %). Ser mayor de 65 años aumentó la probabilidad de comedicación (OR:2,48; IC95 %:1,59-3,85) y el riesgo fue proporcional al incremento de la edad. El 49,2 % (n=1364) estaban tratados con medicamentos de riesgo condicional de prolongación del QT, 2,5 % (n=68) con riesgo posible y 6,2% (n=171) de riesgo conocido. Conclusión: se están utilizando los mismos fármacos recomendados por las guías de práctica clínica; sin embargo, se encontraron interacciones de riesgo de prolongación del intervalo QT que deben ser tenidas en cuenta para evitar eventos o complicaciones en los pacientes.

3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 116(1): 100-105, Jan. 2021. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152972

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento Qualidade de imagem e dose de radiação são otimizadas com uma frequência cardíaca (FC) lenta e estável na realização de imagens de artérias coronárias durante a angiografia cardíaca por tomografia computadorizada (CCTA, do inglês cardiac computed tomography angiography) A segurança, a eficácia e o protocolo para a redução da FC com medicamento betabloqueador ainda não foi bem descrita em uma população de pacientes pediátricos. Objetivo Oferecer um protocolo de dose de metoprolol eficiente a ser usado em pacientes pediátricos externos durante a CCTA. Métodos Realizamos uma revisão retrospectiva de todos os pacientes pediátricos externos que receberam o metoprolol durante a CCTA. As características demográficas e clínicas foram resumidas e a redução média em FC foi estimada utilizando-se um modelo de regressão linear multivariada. As imagens foram avaliadas em uma escala de 1 a 4 (1= ideal). Resultados Um total de 78 pacientes externos passaram a uma CCTA com o uso de metoprolol. A média de idade foi de 13 anos, a média de peso foi de 46 kg, e 36 pacientes (46%) eram do sexo masculino. As doses médias de metoprolol foram 1,5 (IQR 1,1; 1,8) mg/kg, e 0,4 (IQR 0,2; 0,7) mg/kg para administrações orais e intravenosas, respectivamente. O produto dose-comprimento por exame foi de 57 (IQR 30, 119) mGy*cm. A redução média da FC foi 19 (IQR 12, 26) batimentos por minuto, ou 23%. Não foram relatadas complicações ou eventos adversos. Conclusão O uso de metoprolol num cenário de pacientes pediátricos externos para redução da FC antes de uma CCTA é seguro e eficiente. Pode-se reproduzir um protocolo de dose de metoprolol quando for necessário atingir uma FC mais lenta, garantindo tempos de aquisição mais rápidos, imagens mais claras e redução na exposição à radiação nessa população. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(1):100-105)


Abstract Background Image quality and radiation dose are optimized with a slow, steady heart rate (HR) when imaging the coronary arteries during cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA). The safety, efficacy, and protocol for HR reduction with beta blocker medication is not well described in a pediatric patient population. Objective Provide a safe and efficient metoprolol dose protocol to be used in pediatric outpatients undergoing CCTA. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of all pediatric outpatients who received metoprolol during CCTA. Demographic and clinical characteristics were summarized and the average reduction in HR was estimated using a multivariate linear regression model. Images were evaluated on a 1-4 scale (1= optimal). Results Seventy-eight pediatric outpatients underwent a CCTA scan with the use of metoprolol. The median age was 13 years, median weight of 46 kg, and 36 (46%) were male. The median doses of metoprolol were 1.5 (IQR 1.1, 1.8) mg/kg and 0.4 (IQR 0.2, 0.7) mg/kg for oral and intravenous administrations, respectively. Procedural dose-length product was 57 (IQR 30, 119) mGy*cm. The average reduction in HR was 19 (IQR 12, 26) beats per minute, or 23%. No complications or adverse events were reported. Conclusion Use of metoprolol in a pediatric outpatient setting for HR reduction prior to CCTA is safe and effective. A metoprolol dose protocol can be reproduced when a slower HR is needed, ensuring faster acquisition times, clear images, and associated reduction in radiation exposure in this population. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(1):100-105)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Adolescent , Coronary Artery Disease , Metoprolol/adverse effects , Outpatients , Radiation Dosage , Retrospective Studies , Coronary Angiography , Computed Tomography Angiography , Heart Rate
4.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 155(6): 242-248, 2020 09 25.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31932044

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Adequate medication intake affects treatment effectiveness. The aim of this study was to establish the impact of prescription and secondary adherence to beta-blockers on medium- and long-term and long-term cardiovascular outcomes, after a first type 1 ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) episode without heart failure or left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 40%. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted in a cohort of patients admitted from 2008 to 2013 to the University Clinical Hospital in Valencia. Competing risk analysis assessed the relationship between cardiovascular mortality or new vascular event with beta-blocker prescription and secondary adherence, defined as a proportion of days covered. RESULTS: During after the first year following discharge, beta-blocker prescription was not significantly associated with better health outcomes in the 460 patients included. However, cardiovascular mortality was lower in adherent patients compared to non-adherent patients, at 0.6% vs. 6.6% (HR = 0.083; 95% CI, 0.015-0.448; p = 0.003), and in adherent patients compared to those who did not receive the treatment due to lack of prescription or lack of adherence, with 0.6% vs. 4.8% (HR = 0.115; 95% CI, 0.022-0.587; p = 0.009). These results were not observed when the complete follow-up period was analysed (median 46.7 months). CONCLUSIONS: Secondary adherence to beta-blockers improves 1-year prognosis after STEMI with preserved left ventricular function.


Subject(s)
Myocardial Infarction , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction , Ventricular Dysfunction , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Humans , Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy , Registries , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy , Stroke Volume , Ventricular Function, Left
5.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 33(3): e1525, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1141906

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Portal hypertension (PH) can be measured indirectly through a hepatic vein pressure gradient greater than 5 mmHg. Cirrhosis is the leading cause for PH and can present as complications ascites, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and esophagogastric varices, characterizing gastropathy. Aim: To evaluate the use of carvedilol as primary prophylaxis in the development of collateral circulation in rats submitted to the partial portal vein ligament (PPVL) model. Method: This is a combined qualitative and quantitative experimental study in which 32 Wistar rats were divided into four groups (8 animals in each): group I - cirrhosis + carvedilol (PPVL + C); group II - cirrhosis + vehicle (PPVL); group III - control + carvedilol (SO-sham-operated + C); group IV - control + vehicle (SO-sham-operated). After seven days of the surgical procedure (PPVL or sham), carvedilol (10 mg/kg) or vehicle (1 mL normal saline) were administered to the respective groups daily for seven days. Results: The histological analysis showed no hepatic alteration in any group and a decrease in edema and vasodilatation in the PPVL + C group. The laboratory evaluation of liver function did not show a statistically significant change between the groups. Conclusion: Carvedilol was shown to have a positive effect on gastric varices without significant adverse effects.


RESUMO Racional: A hipertensão portal (HP), medida indiretamente através do gradiente pressórico da veia hepática >5 mmHg, tem como principal causa etiológica a cirrose. Possui como complicações a ascite, disfunção hepática, disfunção renal e varizes esofagogástricas, que caracterizam o quadro de gastropatia. Objetivo: Avaliar o uso do carvedilol como profilaxia primária no desenvolvimento da circulação colateral em ratos submetidos ao modelo de ligadura parcial de veia porta (LPVP). Método: Estudo experimental qualitativo e quantitativo no qual foram utilizados 32 ratos Wistar, divididos em quatro grupos (n=8): grupo I - cirrose + carvedilol (LPVP+C); grupo II - cirrose + veículo (LPVP); grupo III - controle + carvedilol (SO - sham-operated+C); grupo IV - controle + veículo (SO - sham-operated). Após transcorridos sete dias do procedimento cirúrgico, foi administrado carvedilol (10 mg/kg) e veículo (1mL) para os respectivos grupos por sete dias consecutivos. Resultados: A análise histológica não mostrou alteração hepática em nenhum grupo e diminuição de edema e vasodilatação no grupo LPVP+C. A avaliação laboratorial da função hepática não mostrou alteração com significância estatística entre os grupos. Conclusão: Carvedilol mostrou ser fármaco com efeito positivo no sangramento das varizes gástricas e sem efeitos adversos significantes.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/administration & dosage , Carvedilol/administration & dosage , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Hypertension, Portal/complications , Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/complications , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/prevention & control , Rats, Wistar , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology
6.
Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) ; 72(10): 853-862, 2019 Oct.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31178382

ABSTRACT

Beta-blockers are widely used molecules that are able to antagonize ß-adrenergic receptors (ARs), which belong to the G protein-coupled receptor family and receive their stimulus from endogenous catecholamines. Upon ß-AR stimulation, numerous intracellular cascades are activated, ultimately leading to cardiac contraction or vascular dilation, depending on the relevant subtype and their location. Three subtypes have been described that are differentially expressed in the body (ß1-, ß2- and ß3-ARs), ß1 being the most abundant subtype in the heart. Since their discovery, ß-ARs have become an important target to fight cardiovascular disease. In fact, since their discovery by James Black in the late 1950s, ß-blockers have revolutionized the field of cardiovascular therapies. To date, 3 generations of drugs have been released: nonselective ß-blockers, cardioselective ß-blockers (selective ß1-antagonists), and a third generation of these drugs able to block ß1 together with extra vasodilation activity (also called vasodilating ß-blockers) either by blocking α1- or by activating ß3-AR. More than 50 years after propranolol was introduced to the market due to its ability to reduce heart rate and consequently myocardial oxygen demand in the event of an angina attack, ß-blockers are still widely used in clinics.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy , Heart/drug effects , Myocardial Contraction/drug effects , Myocardium/metabolism , Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/metabolism , Animals , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Humans , Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects
7.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 112(3): 304-308, Mar. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038536

ABSTRACT

Abstract The effect of third and second-generation type of beta-blocker on substrate oxidation especially during high-intensity exercises are scarce. The objective of the study is to explore differences of beta-blocker regimens (vasodilating vs. non-vasodilating beta-blockers) for substrate oxidation during in high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) in chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Eighteen CHF males (58.8 ± 9 years), 8 under use of β1 specific beta-blockers+alfa 1-blocker and 10 using β1 non-specific beta-blockers, were randomly assigned to 4 different HIIE, in a cross-over design. The 4 protocols were: 30 seconds (A and B) or 90 seconds (C and D) at 100% peak power output, with passive (A and C) or active recovery (50% of PPO; B and D). Energy expenditure (EE; kcal/min), quantitative carbohydrate (CHO) and lipid oxidation (g/min) and qualitative (%) contribution were calculated. Two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test were used (p-value ≤ 0.05) to compare CHO and lipid oxidation at rest and at 10min. Total exercise time or EE did not show differences for beta-blocker use. The type of beta-blocker use showed impact in CHO (%) and lipid (g/min and %) for rest and 10 min, but absolute contribution of CHO (g/min) was different just at 10min (Interaction p = 0.029). Higher CHO oxidation was found in vasodilating beta-blockers when comparing to non-vasodilating. According to our pilot data, there is an effect of beta-blocker type on substrate oxidation during HIIE, but no influence on EE or exercise total time in HFrEF patients.


Resumo Os dados sobre efeito do tipo de betabloqueador de terceira e segunda geração na oxidação do substrato, especialmente durante exercícios de alta intensidade, são escassos. O objetivo do estudo é explorar as diferenças de tratamentos com betabloqueadores (betabloqueadores vasodilatadores vs. não-vasodilatadores) na oxidação de substratos durante exercícios intermitentes de alta intensidade (HIIE) na insuficiência cardíaca crônica e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo reduzida (ICFEr). Dezoito pacientes do sexo masculino com ICC (58,8 ± 9 anos), 8 em uso de betabloqueadores β1 específicos + bloqueador α-1 e 10 utilizando betabloqueadores β1 não-específicos, foram aleatoriamente designados para 4 diferentes HIIE, em um desenho cruzado. Os 4 protocolos foram: 30 segundos (A e B) ou 90 segundos (C e D) a 100% da potência de pico de saída (PPO), com recuperação passiva (A e C) ou ativa (50% de PPO; B e D). O gasto energético (GE; kcal/min), a ingestão de carboidratos quantitativos (CHO) e oxidação lipídica (g/min) e qualitativa (%) foram calculados. Anova de dois fatores e teste post-hoc de Bonferroni foram usados (p-valor ≤ 0,05) para comparar a oxidação de CHO e lipídios em repouso e aos 10 minutos. O tempo total de exercício ou GE não mostraram diferenças de acordo com o uso de betabloqueadores. O tipo de betabloqueador mostrou impacto em CHO (%) e lípides (g/min e %) para repouso e aos 10 min, mas a contribuição absoluta de CHO (g/min) foi diferente apenas aos 10 minutos (Interação p = 0,029). Foram encontradas maiores oxidações de CHO com betabloqueadores vasodilatadores quando comparados com os não-vasodilatadores. De acordo com nossos dados piloto, há um efeito do tipo do betabloqueador na oxidação do substrato durante o HIIE, mas nenhuma influência no GE ou no tempo total de exercício nos pacientes com ICFEr.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aged , Exercise/physiology , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/pharmacology , Energy Metabolism/drug effects , Carbohydrate Metabolism/physiology , High-Intensity Interval Training/methods , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Ventricular Function, Left/physiology , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/metabolism , Cross-Over Studies , Lipid Metabolism/physiology , Heart Failure/metabolism
8.
Rev. colomb. biotecnol ; 20(1): 16-30, ene.-jun. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959854

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La lipasa B de Candida antárctica (CalB) se ha utilizado en la acilación quimio- y enantioselectiva del racemato (R,S)-propranolol. CalB tiene enant¡oselect¡v¡dad moderada (£=63) por el R-propranolol. La enantioselectividad, se origina en la reacción de transferencia del grupo acilo desde la serina catalítica, acilada, al propranolol. La fase inicial de esta reacción involucra la formación de complejos de Michaelis y posteriormente conformaciones de ataque cercano. El análisis de las conformaciones de ataque cercano ha permitido en varios casos explicar el origen de la catálisis o reproducir el efecto catalítico. En este trabajo se profundiza en la comprensión la función de las conformaciones de ataque cercano en la enantioselectividad de la acilación del (R,S)-propranolol catalizada por CalB. Para lo anterior se realizó un estudio detallado de los complejos de Michaelis y de las conformaciones de ataque cercano del paso enantioselectivo de la reacción de acilación del (R,S)-propranolol utilizando un protocolo de dinámica molecular QM/MM (SCCDFTB/CHARMM) utilizando 6 distribuciones de velocidades iniciales y simulaciones de 2,5 ns. Se estudiaron 7 complejos CalB-propranolol. Los enlaces de hidrógeno del sitio activo de CalB acilada relevantes para la actividad catalítica fueron estables en todas las simulaciones. Las poblaciones de los complejos de Michaelis y de las conformaciones de ataque cercano son dependientes de la distribución de las velocidades iniciales de la dinámica molecular. La enantioselectividad moderada de CalB acilada, encontrada experimentalmente, puede ser parcialmente atribuida a la alta población de conformaciones de ataque cercano observada para el S-propranolol.


ABSTRACT Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) has been used for chemo- and enantioselective acylation of racemic (R,S)-propranolol, with moderate enantioselectivity (£=63) for R-propranolol. The enantioselective step in this reaction is the transfer of an acyl group from the catalytic acylated serine to propranolol. The initial phase of this reaction involves the formation of Michaelis complexes, followed by the formation of near-attack complexes. The analysis of the near-attack complexes has in several cases permitted to explain the origin of the catalysis or to reproduce the catalytic effect. The aim of this study was improve the understanding of the role of the near-attack complexes for the enantioselectivity of the acylation of (R,S)-propranolol, catalyzed by CalB. To this purpose a detailed investigation of the Michaelis and near-attack complexes of the enantioselective step of the acylation of (R,S)-propranolol using QM/MM molecular dynamics was performed. Several simulations (each 2,5 ns) with different initial velocity distributions were performed. In total seven CalB-propranolol complexes were studied. The hydrogen bonds in the active site of CalB, which are relevant for the catalytic activity, are stable in all simulations. The lifetime of the Michaelis complexes is considerably shorter than the simulation time. Conclusions: The populations of the Michaelis and near-attack complexes depend on the initial velocity distribution in the molecular dynamics simulations. The experimentally observed moderate enantioselectivity may be partially attributed to the high population of near-attack conformations of S-propranolol.

9.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; 63(3): 242-247, Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-956438

ABSTRACT

Summary Introduction: The mortality rate attributed to ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has decreased in the world. However, this disease is still responsible for high costs for health systems. Several factors could decrease mortality in these patients, including implementation of cardiac intensive care units (CICU). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CICU implementation on prescribed recommended treatments and mortality 30 days after STEMI. Method: We performed a retrospective study with patients admitted to CICU between 2005 and 2006 (after group) and between 2000 and 2002, before CICU implementation (before group). Results: The after group had 101 patients, while the before group had 143 patients. There were no differences in general characteristics between groups. We observed an increase in angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, clopidogrel and statin prescriptions after CICU implementation. We did not find differences regarding number of patients submitted to reperfusion therapy; however, there was an increase in primary percutaneous angioplasty compared with thrombolytic therapy in the after group. There was no difference in 30-day mortality (before: 10.5%; after: 8.9%; p=0.850), but prescription of recommended treatments was high in both groups. Prescription of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blocker decreased mortality risk by 4.4 and 4.9 times, respectively. Conclusion: CICU implementation did not reduce mortality after 30 days in patients with STEMI; however, it increased the prescription of standard treatment for these patients.


Resumo Introdução: Apesar da diminuição da mortalidade por infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAM-ST) no mundo, a doença ainda acarreta elevados custos e morbidade. Muitas medidas contribuem para a redução da mortalidade, dentre elas a criação de unidades intensivas coronarianas (UCO). Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da criação de uma UCO na prescrição de tratamentos preconizados e na mortalidade em 30 dias em pacientes com IAM-ST. Método: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo e foram coletados dados de prontuários de pacientes internados na UCO de 2005 a 2006 (grupo depois). Esses dados foram comparados com dados do serviço de 2000 a 2002, previamente à criação da UCO (grupo antes). Resultados: Havia 101 e 143 pacientes nos grupos depois e antes, respectivamente. Não houve diferenças em relação às características populacionais e às características do infarto entre os períodos. Observamos aumento na prescrição de iECA, clopidogrel e estatinas. Apesar da ausência de mudanças no número de pacientes que receberam terapia de reperfusão, houve aumento de angioplastias primárias em detrimento ao uso de trombolíticos no período posterior à criação da UCO. Não observamos diminuição da mortalidade em 30 dias após IAM-ST (antes: 10,5%; depois: 8,9%; p=0,850), mas a prescrição de tratamentos preconizados foi alta em ambos os períodos. O uso de iECA e de betabloqueador diminuiu o risco de morte em 4,4 e 4,9 vezes, respectivamente. Conclusão: Em pacientes com IAM-ST, a criação da UCO não reduziu a mortalidade em 30 dias, mas houve aumento na prescrição de tratamentos preconizados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Coronary Care Units/statistics & numerical data , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/mortality , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Logistic Models , Multivariate Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Hospital Mortality , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Middle Aged
10.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 29(2): 118-127, mar.-abr. 2016. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-831102

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Metade dos pacientes com fração de ejeção reduzida tem disfunção diastólica associada e os dados relacionados ao impacto da terapia com carvedilol nesses pacientes ainda são conflitantes.Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento dos índices ecocardiográficos, cintilográficos e do volume do átrio esquerdo(VAE) antes e após três meses de terapia com carvedilol em pacientes com ICFER, classe funcional (CF) II e III da New York Heart Association (NYHA).Métodos: Selecionados 19 pacientes com IC, CF II e III, fração de ejeção <45% (método de Simpson) e sem terapiaprévia com carvedilol. Para análise estatística, utilizados os testes de Wilcoxon e McNemar, coeficiente de Spearmane regressão linear múltipla. Resultados: Houve melhora significativa dos parâmetros de função sistólica do ventrículo esquerdo (VE): DSF,VSF, FEJ Simpson, FEVI. Não houve melhora significativa dos parâmetros de função diastólica derivados do Doppler: E’, E/E’, VP, E/VP. O comportamento da função diastólica através VAE apresentou significativa melhora:VAE (83,2±33,4mL vs. 73,7±29,8mL, p=0,009), índice de VAE (44,8±15,8mL/m² vs. 39,7±14,5mL/m², p=0,014). Conclusões: A regressão do VAE após terapia em curto prazo com carvedilol não se associou à melhora dos demais índices de função diastólica, entretanto houve associação com a melhora da função sistólica do VE. Estes achados sugerem que a redução do VAE seja secundária à melhora da performance sistólica.


Background: Half of the patients with reduced ejection fraction have diastolic dysfunction associated and the data related to the impact of carvedilol therapy in these patients are still conflicting.Objective: To evaluate the behavior of echocardiographic, scintigraphic and left atrial volume (LAV) indexes before and after three months of therapy with carvedilol in patients with HFREF, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class (FC) II and III. Methods: Nineteen patients with HF, CF II and III, ejection fraction <45% (Simpson method) without previous therapy with carvedilol were selected. For statistical analysis, Wilcoxon and McNemar tests, Spearman coefficient and multiple linear regression were used. Results: There was significant improvement in the left ventricular (LV) systolic function parameters: DSF, ESV, Simpson EF,EFVI. There was no significant improvement in the diastolic function parameters derived from Doppler: E’, E/E’, VP, E/VP. Diastolic function behavior through VAE showed significant improvement: LAV (83.2±33.4 mL vs. 73.7±29.8 mL, p=0.009), LAV index(44.8±15.8mL/m2 vs. 39.7±14.5mL/m2, p=0.014). Conclusions: LAV regression after short-term therapy with carvedilol was not associated with improvement in other diastolic function indexes, but was associated with improved LV systolic function. These findings suggest that LAV reduction is secondary to improvement in systolic performance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/administration & dosage , Radionuclide Imaging/methods , Echocardiography/methods , Heart Atria , Heart Failure/complications , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Patients , Brazil/epidemiology , Multivariate Analysis , Drug Therapy/methods , Stroke Volume , Treatment Outcome
11.
Rev Calid Asist ; 31(3): 134-40, 2016.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26708997

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of simultaneous prescription of ß-blockers and calcium channel blockers, notify the cardiovascular risk of these patients to the health care professionals in charge of them, and achieve a reduction in the number of those who use them. METHODS: Quasi-experimental, prospective study by developing an intervention on medical prescriptions of patients older than 65 years treated between January 1 and July 30, 2014, affiliated to the Health System in 101 cities in Colombia. A total of 43,180 patients received a ß-blocker each month, and 14,560 receiving a calcium channel blocker were identified. Educational interventions were performed and an evaluation was made, using sociodemographic and pharmacological variables, on the number of patients that stopped taking any of the two drugs in the following three months. RESULTS: A total of 535 patients, with a mean age 75.8±6.7 years received concomitant ß-blockers plus calcium channel blockers. Modification of therapy was achieved in 235 patients (43.9% of users) after 66 educational interventions. In 209 cases (88.9%) one of the two drugs was suspended, and 11.1% changed to other antihypertensive drugs. The variable of being more than 85 years old (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.07-3.50), and receiving concomitant medication with inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.28-3.65) were associated with increased risk of their doctor changing or stopping the prescription. CONCLUSIONS: An improved adherence to recommendations for appropriate use of ß-blockers and calcium channel blockers by health service providers was achieved. Intervention programs that reduce potentially inappropriate prescriptions for patients treated for cardiovascular disease should be used more frequently.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use , Inappropriate Prescribing , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/adverse effects , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects , Calcium Channel Blockers/adverse effects , Cardiovascular Diseases , Female , Humans , Hypertension , Male , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
12.
Fortaleza; s.n; 2016. 73 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-971986

ABSTRACT

Recentemente, foi observado que pacientes com DE tratados com inibidores da fosfodiesterase tipo 5 ( I PDE5) melhoram não somente a ereção, mas também os sintomas do trato urinário inferior (STUI). A fisiopatologia dos STUI é desconhecida e há um número crescente de estudos que objetiva compreender suas bases fisiopatológicas. Entretanto, a despeito do conhecimento que existe sobre a melhora dos STUI, não se sabe se IPDE - 5 atua durante o armazenamento, esvaziamento ou ambos. Não se tem conhecimento se a associação do IPDE - 5 com alfabloqueador é melhor que o uso isolado e se esta associação é segura. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a segurança da associação da tansulosina com tadalafila tomados diariamente, bem como seu efeito no trato urinário inferior de humanos e de ratos por meio de estudo urodinâmico METODO: f oi realizado um estudo experimental utilizando ratos com obstrução infra - vesical crônica, induzida por L - NAME e um estudo clínico randomizado, duplo - cego e placebo - controlado durante o período de outubro de 2010 a janeiro de 2012. No estudo experimental, os animais foram distribuídos em 05 grupos; Grupo 1: seis ratos foram tratados sem medicação; Grupo 2: seis ratos foram tratados com L - NAME, na dose oral de 60 mg/Kg/dia; Grupo 3: seis ratos foram tratados com L - NAME e tansulosina (1mg/kg); Grupo 4: se te ratos fo ram tratados com L - NAME e tadalafila (5mg/kg); Grupo 5 : seis ratos foram tratados com L - NAME, tadala fila e tansulosina. Após trinta dias de tratamento, os animais foram submetidos a estudou rodinâmico. As seguintes variáveis urodinâmicos foram avaliadas. Na fase de enchimento: freqüência de contrações não - miccionais (hiperatividade detrusora), limiar de volume (LV), limiar de pressão (LP) e na fase miccional: pressão de pico (PP), freqüência dos ciclos de micção por minuto (FM), pressão basal (PB) e volume residual...


Recently, it has been observed an association between BPH and ED. It was reported that patients wi th ED treated with inhibitory phosphodiesterase type 5 ( I PDE5) improves erection and LUTS. The pathophysiology of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is not completely known, so it is necessary that clinical and experimental studies are made to clarify the mechanisms involved in its origin. However, despite the knowledge that there is improvement in LUTS, it is not known whether I PDE5 works during storage, emptying, or both. It is not yet known if the association I PDE5 with alpha blocker is better than its use alone or whether this association is safe. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of the combination of tamsulosin with daily tadalafil as well as its effect on lower urinary tract in human and rats by urodynamic study. METHODS : it was an ex perimental study using rats with chronic bladder outlet obstruction induced by L - NAME and a randomized clinical trial, double - blind, placebo - controlled study. In the experimental study, the animals were divided into 05 groups. Group 1: six rats were treate d without medication; Group 2: six rats were treated with L - NAME (60 mg/Kg/dia); Group 3: six rats were treated with L - NAME and t ansulosin (1mg/kg); Group 4: seven rats were treated with L - NAME and tadalafil (5mg/kg); grupo 5: six rats were treated with L - NAME, tadalafil and Tansulosina. After thirty days of oral treatment, the animals underwent urodynamic study. The urodynamic variables were evaluated. In the filling phase: non - void contractions (NVC) , volume threshold (VT), pressure threshold (TP) and in the voiding phase: peak pressure (PP), micturition frequency (FM), basal pressure (PB) and residual volume...


Subject(s)
Humans , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors , Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists , Prostatic Hyperplasia
13.
Rev. colomb. ciencias quim. farm ; 44(3): 276-281, Sept.-Dec. 2015. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-781916

ABSTRACT

A case of a 76 year old Colombian patient who developed an episode of postural hypotension, after using 4mg of doxazosin for treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is presented. Because of his age and severity of symptoms (asthenia, weakness, adynamia), the patient was hospitalized. Changing doxazosin by tamsulosin allowed control of symptoms of BPH with no further episodes of orthostatic hypotension.


Se presenta el caso de un paciente colombiano de 76 años quien sufrió un episodio de hipotensión postural, después de tomar doxazosina de 4 mg para el manejo de la hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB). Debido a la severidad de los síntomas (astenia, debilidad y adinamia), el paciente fue hospitalizado. El cambio de doxazosina por tamsulosina permitió el control de los síntomas de la HPB sin episodios ulteriores de hipotensión ortostática.

14.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 37(3): 172-178, Mar. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-746677

ABSTRACT

Entre finales de 2013 y principios de 2014 se publicaron las guías de hipertensión arterial (HTA) más influyentes a nivel internacional. Aunque no existen grandes diferencias entre ellas, hay discrepancias que pueden repercutir en el tratamiento y el pronóstico de las personas con hipertensión. En este artículo se analizan los principales elementos polémicos de estas guías y se emiten las recomendaciones de la Sociedad Centroamericana y del Caribe de Hipertensión y Prevención Cardiovascular sobre el tema. Las principales divergencias se centran en la categoría de prehipertensión arterial, el uso del riesgo cardiovascular global en la decisión de iniciar el tratamiento antihipertensivo, la vigencia de los betabloqueantes como medicamentos de primera línea en el tratamiento de la HTA no complicada, y el aumento del objetivo terapéutico de mantener las cifras de tensión arterial entre < 140/90 mmHg y < 150/90 mmHg en pacientes mayores de 60 años de edad, sin antecedentes personales de diabetes ni de enfermedad renal crónica. Se analizan críticamente todos los factores a favor y en contra de aceptar cada uno de estos cuatro elementos controvertidos y se incluyen los comentarios que sobre ellos ha realizado la Sociedad. Se concluye que todos los elementos polémicos de las guías de la HTA tienen elementos a favor y en contra. Sin embargo, el peso de la evidencia o el juicio clínico están a favor de subdividir la prehipertensión (Grado I y II), buscar la meta terapéutica de mantener la tensión sistólica de < 140 mmHg en todos los hipertensos de menos de 80 años de edad, mantener a los betabloqueantes como medicamentos de primera línea en la HTA no complicada, y no demorar el inicio del tratamiento farmacológico de la HTA Grado I de bajo riesgo cardiovascular global. Finalmente, se incluyen siete recomendaciones de la Sociedad basadas en los análisis realizados.


Between the end of 2013 and the beginning of 2014 the most internationally influential hypertension guidelines were published. Although there are no major differences between them, there are discrepancies that can have an impact on treatment and prognosis for individuals with hypertension. This article analyzes the main controversial elements in the guides and presents the recommendations of the Sociedad Centroamericana y del Caribe de Hipertensión y Prevención Cardiovascular (Caribbean Society for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention). The main differences are found a) in the categorization of prehypertension, b) in the use of global cardiovascular risk in the decision to begin antihypertensive treatment, c) in the validity of beta-blockers as first-line drugs in treating uncomplicated hypertension, and d) the increase in the therapeutic goal of maintaining values between < 140/90 and < 150/90 mmHg in patients over 60 years of age with no history of diabetes or chronic kidney disease. All the factors in favor of and against accepting each of these four controversial criteria are analyzed critically and the observations made by the Society are included. The conclusion is that there are pros and cons for all controversial elements in the hypertension guides. However, the weight of the evidence and clinical judgment favor subdividing prehypertension into stages I and II, seeking a therapeutic goal of maintaining systolic blood pressure below 140 mmHg in all the hypertensive patients under 80 years of age, retaining beta-blockers as first-line drugs in uncomplicated hypertension, and not delaying the start of drug treatment for hypertension stage I with low global cardiovascular risk. Finally, seven recommendations by the Society based on the analysis are included.


Subject(s)
Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/prevention & control , Hypertension/therapy
15.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 41(5): 305-310, Sep-Oct/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-729963

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the perioperative use of atenolol in reducing the incidence of hematoma after rhytidoplasty. Methods: Between January 2007 and February 2013, 80 patients were randomized into two groups: Group A (n = 26) received perioperative atenolol in order to maintain heart rate (PR) around 60 per minute; Group B (n = 54) did not receive atenolol. Both groups underwent the same anesthetic and surgical technique. We monitored blood pressure (BP), HR, hematoma formation and the need for drainage. Patients were followed-up until the 90th postoperative day. The variables were compared between the groups using the ANOVA test. Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation and the differences were compared with the Student's t test. Values of p d" 0.05 were considered significant. Results: In group A the mean BP (110-70mmHg ± 7.07) and HR (64 / min ± 5) were lower (p d" 0.05) than in group B (135-90mmHg ± 10.6) and (76 / min ± 7.5), respectively. There were four cases of expansive hematoma in group B, all requiring reoperation for drainage, and none in group A (p d" 0,001). Conclusion: The perioperative use of atenolol caused a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate and decreased the incidence of expanding hematoma after rhytidectomy. .


Objetivo: avaliar o uso perioperatório do atenolol na redução da incidência de hematoma pós-ritidoplastia. Métodos: entre janeiro de 2007 e fevereiro de 2013 foram randomizados 80 pacientes em dois grupos: Grupo A (n=26) recebeu atenolol perioperatório com objetivo de manter frequência de pulso (FP) ± 60 por minuto, Grupo B (n=54) não recebeu atenolol. Ambos os grupos foram submetidos à mesma técnica anestésico-cirúrgica. A pressão arterial (PA) e FP, formação de hematoma e a necessidade de drenagem foram monitorizados. Houve seguimento até o 90º dia de pós-operatório. As variáveis foram analisadas entre os dois grupos utilizando-se o teste de ANOVA. As variáveis contínuas foram apresentadas como média (± Desvio-padrão) e as diferenças foram comparadas utilizando-se o t de Student. Foram considerados significantes os valores p<0,05. Resultados: as médias no grupo A de PA (110-70mmHg ± 7,07) e FP (64 /min ± 5) foram menores (p<0,05) em relação ao grupo B (135-90mmHg ± 10,6) e (76/min ± 7,5), respectivamente. Houve quatro casos de hematoma expansivo no grupo B, todos com necessidade de reoperação para a sua drenagem e nenhum no grupo A (p<0,001). Conclusão: o uso do atenolol perioperatório promoveu a redução de pressão arterial e frequência de pulso e diminuiu a incidência de hematoma expansivo pós-ritidoplastia. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Atenolol/therapeutic use , Rhytidoplasty/adverse effects , Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Hematoma/etiology , Hematoma/prevention & control , Prospective Studies , Middle Aged
16.
São Paulo med. j ; 132(5): 290-296, 08/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-721013

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: Assessment of central blood pressure (BP) has grown substantially over recent years because evidence has shown that central BP is more relevant to cardiovascular outcomes than peripheral BP. Thus, different classes of antihypertensive drugs have different effects on central BP despite similar reductions in brachial BP. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nebivolol, a β-blocker with vasodilator properties, on the biochemical and hemodynamic parameters of hypertensive patients. DESIGN AND SETTING: Experimental single cohort study conducted in the outpatient clinic of a university hospital. METHODS: Twenty-six patients were recruited. All of them underwent biochemical and hemodynamic evaluation (BP, heart rate (HR), central BP and augmentation index) before and after 3 months of using nebivolol. RESULTS: 88.5% of the patients were male; their mean age was 49.7 ± 9.3 years and most of them were overweight (29.6 ± 3.1 kg/m2) with large abdominal waist (102.1 ± 7.2 cm). There were significant decreases in peripheral systolic BP (P = 0.0020), diastolic BP (P = 0.0049), HR (P < 0.0001) and central BP (129.9 ± 12.3 versus 122.3 ± 10.3 mmHg; P = 0.0083) after treatment, in comparison with the baseline values. There was no statistical difference in the augmentation index or in the biochemical parameters, from before to after the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Nebivolol use seems to be associated with significant reduction of central BP in stage I hypertensive patients, in addition to reductions in brachial systolic and diastolic BP. .


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVOS: A avaliação da pressão arterial central (PAc) tem crescido substancialmente nos últimos anos porque as evidências mostraram que PAc central é mais relevante para os desfechos cardiovasculares do que pressão arterial (PA) periférica. Assim, diferentes classes de anti-hipertensivos têm efeitos diferentes sobre PAc apesar de reduções semelhantes na PA braquial. O objetivo foi investigar o efeito do nebivolol, β-bloqueador com propriedades vasodilatadoras, nos parâmetros bioquímicos e hemodinâmicos de pacientes hipertensos. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo de coorte única experimental realizado em ambulatório de hospital universitário. MÉTODOS: Todos os 26 pacientes recrutados foram submetidos à avaliação bioquímica e hemodinâmica (PA, frequência cardíaca, FC, PAc, augmentation index) antes e após três meses usando nebivolol. RESULTADOS: 88,5% dos indivíduos eram do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 49,7 ± 9,3 anos, predominância de sobrepeso (29,6 ± 3,1 kg/m2) e aumento da cintura abdominal (102,1 ± 7,2 cm). Houve diminuição significativa da PA sistólica periférica (P = 0,0020) e diastólica (P = 0,0049), da FC (P < 0,0001) e da PAc (129,9 ± 12,3 x 122,3 ± 10,3 mmHg, P = 0,0083) após o tratamento em comparação aos valores basais. Não houve diferença no augmentation index, nem nos parâmetros bioquímicos antes e após o período de tratamento. CONCLUSÕES: O uso de nebivolol parece estar associado à redução significativa da PAc em hipertensos estágio 1, além da redução da pressão sistólica e diastólica braquial. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Benzopyrans/therapeutic use , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Ethanolamines/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Brachial Artery/drug effects , Cohort Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Heart Rate , Outpatients , Pulse Wave Analysis
17.
Rev. urug. cardiol ; 29(1): 100-109, abr. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-754293

ABSTRACT

Los betabloqueantes y los inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina / antagonistas de los receptores de angiotensina II (I-ECA/ARA II) son medicamentos esenciales en el manejo del síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) con un efecto beneficioso en la sobrevida, aditivo al obtenido con otros fármacos, como aspirina y estatinas, reduciendo la morbi-mortalidad temprana y tardía en pacientes revascularizados o no. Los pacientes pos IAM con fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) < 40% e insuficiencia cardíaca o diabetes, se pueden beneficiar del tratamiento con antagonistas de los receptores mineralocorticoides si se aplican en forma temprana.


Subject(s)
Humans , Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Acute Coronary Syndrome/mortality , Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use
18.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 51(1): 39-45, Jan-Mar/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-707000

ABSTRACT

Context Adalimumab is a fully-human antibody that inhibits TNF alpha, with a significant efficacy for long-term maintenance of remission. Studies with this agent in Latin American Crohn’s disease patients are scarce. Objectives The objective of this study was to outline clinical remission rates after 12 months of adalimumab therapy for Crohn’s disease patients. Methods Retrospective, single-center, observational study of a Brazilian case series of Crohn’s disease patients under adalimumab therapy. Variables analyzed: demographic data, Montreal classification, concomitant medication, remission rates after 1, 4, 6 and 12 months. Remission was defined as Harvey-Bradshaw Index ≤4, and non-responder-imputation and last-observation-carried-forward analysis were used. The influence of infliximab on remission rates was analyzed by Fischer and Chi-square tests (P<0.05). Results Fifty patients, with median age of 35 years at therapy initiation, were included. Remission rates after 12 months of therapy were 54% under non-responder-imputation and 88% under last-observation-carried-forward analysis. After 12 months, remission on patients with previous infliximab occurred in 69.23% as compared to 94.59% in infliximab-naïve patients (P = 0.033). Conclusions Adalimumab was effective in maintaining clinical remission after 12 months of therapy, with an adequate safety profile, and was also more effective in infliximab naïve patients. .


Contexto O adalimumabe é um anticorpo monoclonal totalmente humano que inibe o TNF alfa, com eficácia documentada na manutenção da remissão clínica na doença de Crohn. Estudos com pacientes latinoamericanos são escassos nesse cenário. Objetivos O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as taxas de remissão clínica após 12 meses de terapia com adalimumabe em portadores de doença de Crohn. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo unicêntrico observacional de uma série de casos de pacientes brasileiros portadores de doença de Crohn tratados com adalimumabe. Variáveis analisadas: dados demográficos, classificação de Montreal, medicações concomitants, taxas de remissão após 1, 4, 6 e 12 meses. Remissão foi definida como índice de Harvey-Bradshaw ≤4 e foram utilizadas as análises de imputação de não-resposta e última observação considerada. A influência do infliximab prévio foi analisada pelo teste de Fischer e qui-quadrado (P<0.05). Resultados Cinquenta pacientes, com media de idade de 35 anos no início da terapia foram incluídos. As taxas de remissão após um ano foram de 54% (análise imputação de não-resposta) e 88% (análise de última observação considerada. A remissão clínica ocorreu em 69.23% dos pacientes com infliximab prévio e 94.59% nos virgens de infliximab (P = 0.033). Conclusão O adalimumabe foi efetivo na manutenção da remissão clínica após 1 ano, com adequado perfil de segurança com eficácia maior nos pacientes virgens de infliximab. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use , Crohn Disease/drug therapy , Induction Chemotherapy/methods , Longitudinal Studies , Maintenance Chemotherapy , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
19.
Vitae (Medellín) ; 21(2): 107-113, 2014. Ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-986855

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Los efectos cardiovasculares y respiratorios de los agonistas adrenérgicos empleados en patologías como la Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) y de los ß-bloqueantes usados en el glaucoma, generan antagonismo competitivo sobre el mismo receptor adrenérgico cuando se emplean simultáneamente, con el agravante que los ß­bloqueantes pueden precipitar broncoespasmo. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de coprescripción y riesgo potencial de interacción entre broncodilatadores y ß-bloqueadores tópicos antiglaucomatosos en una base de datos de pacientes colombianos. Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal en mayores de 40 años tratados para glaucoma y patologías con componente bronco-obstructivo entre 1 de enero y 31 de octubre de 2012. Se utilizó información de una base de datos poblacional de 6,2 millones de personas que corresponden aproximadamente al 32,0% de la población activa afiliada al régimen contributivo del Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud de Colombia. En la base de datos se evaluaron aquellos pacientes que recibían concomitantemente un ß-bloqueador tópico y cualquiera de los broncodilatadores para establecer la frecuencia de la interacción potencial. Los casos identificados fueron notificados al responsable de la atención sanitaria. Resultados: Se hallaron 1756 pacientes que recibían ß-bloqueadores antiglaucomatosos y broncodilatadores. La mayoría mujeres (63,2%), con edad promedio 73,3±11,1 años, en 61 ciudades del país. Los antiglaucomatosos más empleados fueron: timolol (67,5% de pacientes), timolol/dorzolamida (18,8%), y los broncodilatadores: salbutamol (43,8%) e ipratropio (41,8%). La asociaciones de riesgo de broncoespasmo más frecuentes fueron: salbutamol + timolol en 890 pacientes (50,6%), bromuro de ipratropio + timolol en 827 pacientes (47,1%), salbutamol + timolol + dorzolamida (n=258, 14,6%) y bromuro de ipratropio + timolol + dorzolamida (n=255, 14,5%). Conclusiones: La búsqueda en bases de datos de problemas relacionados con los medicamentos es una herramienta útil que señala deficiencias en la prescripción y en la terapia escalonada. Se documenta que en el medio colombiano existen interacciones de riesgo para broncoespasmo entre antiglaucomatosos y broncodilatadores, por tanto se deben implementar estrategias que disminuyan dicho riesgo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bronchial Spasm , Bronchodilator Agents , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Pharmacovigilance
20.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 28(4): 449-454, out.-dez. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-703111

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Biochemical markers of myocardial injury are frequently altered after cardiac surgery. So far there is no evidence whether oral beta-blockers may reduce myocardial injury after coronary artery bypass grafting. OBJECTIVE: To determine if oral administration of prophylactic metoprolol reduces the release of cardiac troponin I in isolated coronary artery bypass grafting, not complicated by new Q waves. METHODS: A prospective randomized study, including 68 patients, divided in 2 groups: Group A (n=33, control) and B (n=35, beta-blockers). In group B, metoprolol tartrate was administered 200 mg/day. The myocardial injury was assessed by troponin I with 1 hour and 12 hours after coronary artery bypass grafting. RESULTS: No significant difference between groups regarding pre-surgical, surgical, complication in intensive care (15% versus 14%, P=0.92) and the total number of hospital events (21% versus 14%, P=0.45) was observed. The median value of troponin I with 12 hours in the study population was 3.3 ng/ml and was lower in group B than in group A (2.5 ng/ml versus 3.7 ng/ml, P<0,05). In the multivariate analysis, the variables that have shown to be independent predictors of troponin I release after 12 hours were: no beta-blockers administration and number of vessels treated. CONCLUSION: The results of this study in uncomplicated coronary artery bypass grafting, comparing the postoperative release of troponin I at 12 hours between the control group and who used oral prophylactic metoprolol for at least 72 hours, allow to conclude that there was less myocardial injury in the betablocker group, giving some degree of myocardial protection.


INTRODUÇÃO: Os marcadores bioquímicos de lesão miocárdica estão frequentemente alterados após cirurgia cardíaca. Até o momento não existem evidências de que o betabloqueador oral possa reduzir a lesão miocárdica após cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. OBJETIVO: Determinar se a administração oral profilática de metoprolol reduz a liberação de troponina cardíaca I na cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica isolada não complicada por novas ondas Q. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado, incluindo 68 pacientes divididos em 2 grupos: Grupo A (n=33, controle) e B (n=35, betabloqueador). No grupo B, o tartarato de metoprolol foi administrado na dose de 200 mg/dia. A lesão miocárdica foi avaliada pela troponina I com 1 hora e 12 horas após a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. RESULTADOS: Não foi observada diferença significativa entre os grupos quanto às variáveis pré-cirúrgicas, cirúrgicas, incidência de complicações na terapia intensiva (15% versus 14%; P=0,92) e o número total de eventos hospitalares (21% versus 14%; P=0,45). O valor da mediana da troponina I com 12 horas na população estudada foi de 3,3 ng/ml e foi menor no grupo B do que no grupo A (2,5 ng/ml versus 3,7 ng/ml; P<0,05). Na análise multivariada, as variáveis que demonstraram serem preditoras independentes da liberação de troponina cardíaca I com 12 horas foram: não uso de betabloqueadores e número de vasos tratados. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados desta investigação na cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica isolada, não complicada, comparando a liberação pós-operatória de troponina cardíaca I com 12 horas entre os grupos controle e o que usou metoprolol oral profilático por pelo menos 72 horas, permitem concluir que houve menor lesão miocárdica no grupo betabloqueador, conferindo algum grau de proteção miocárdica.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists/administration & dosage , Cardiotonic Agents/administration & dosage , Coronary Artery Bypass/methods , Heart/drug effects , Metoprolol/administration & dosage , Troponin I/blood , Administration, Oral , Biomarkers/blood , Coronary Artery Bypass/adverse effects , Intensive Care Units , Postoperative Period , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Reference Values , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
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