ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This single-center, clinically controlled, double-blinded, randomised, crossover study aimed to evaluate and compare the antibacterial effect, substantivity and patients' acceptance of three toothpaste slurries after a single application on established biofilms observed for 24 h. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four participants started a test cycle after refraining from oral hygiene for 48 h, with a baseline plaque sample measuring biofilm vitality (in %; VF0) using vital fluorescence (VF). They were instructed to rinse for 1 min with either an amine fluoride, stannous chloride (ASC), an herbal (SBC) or a sodium fluoride (SFL) toothpaste prepared as slurries. Every two hours up to 12 and after 24 h, plaque samples were harvested (VF2-VF24%). Plaque-covered areas (PA in %) were evaluated after 24 h using digital photographs. Patients' acceptance was determined by visual analogue scale (VAS) questionnaire. RESULTS: All participants (16 women, 8 men; 27.5 ± 7.9 years) completed all cycles. Two hours after application (VF2), all toothpastes showed a statistically significant reduction in bacterial vitality (p < 0.05), maintained up to 12 h. ASC revealed statistically significantly lower vitality values compared to SBC at VF2, VF4, VF8, VF12 and VF24, and at VF4, VF12 and VF24 compared to SFL (p < 0.05), while SBC and SFL did not differ statistically significantly at any time point. The preferred toothpastes were SFL (18/24 participants) and ASC (15/24 participants). CONCLUSIONS: All toothpastes showed statistically significant anti-plaque effects on established plaque biofilm and a substantivity up to 24 h compared to their baseline, while ASC still presented a statistically significant effect after 12 and 24 h compared to SBC and SFL.
Subject(s)
Dental Plaque , Toothpastes , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cross-Over Studies , Dental Plaque/prevention & control , Dental Plaque Index , Female , Humans , Male , Toothpastes/therapeutic useABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This prospective clinical trial was designed to evaluate the clinical effects of a commercially available powder (Periocare(®) Gum massage powder), containing various herbal medicaments, in the reduction of plaque and gingival inflammation in subjects diagnosed with gingivitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-five subjects diagnosed with chronic generalized gingivitis were selected and randomly divided into the following three groups: Group I - Scaling + Periocare(®) Gum Massage powder, Group II - Periocare(®) Gum Massage powder alone, and Group III - Scaling only. Clinical evaluation was done at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks using gingival index, plaque index, and microbiological culturing of plaque samples. RESULTS: Periocare(®) Gum Massage (multi-herbal formulation) powder as an adjunct to mechanical therapy (scaling) showed significant clinical and microbiological improvement in the gingival index and plaque index scores as compared to other groups. Periocare(®) Gum Massage powder as a monotherapy did not prove to be effective for plaque control. CONCLUSION: Periocare(®) Gum Massage may be a useful herbal formulation for chemical plaque control and improvement in plaque scores and gingival status.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Probably microbial plaque is the main etiology for periodontal tissue inflammation. Various chemical agents have been evaluated over the years with respect to their antimicrobial effects in the oral cavity. However, all are associated with side effects that prohibit regular long-term use. Therefore, the effectiveness of Azadirachta indica (neem) against plaque formation is considered to be vital, with lesser side effects. The aim of the present study is to evaluate and prove the antimicrobial activity of neem using plaque samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Culture was prepared using brain heart infusion broth reagent. Dental plaque samples were used for that. Kirby-Bauer antimicrobial susceptibility test procedure was carried away with the sample. Neem oil was kept in the agar plate with culture and the diameter of inhibition zones was calculated. RESULTS: Results showed inhibition zones on the agar plate around neem oil. CONCLUSION: Study shows definite antiplaque activity of neem oil.
ABSTRACT
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o poder de redução de placa bacteriana de um enxaguatório à base de peróxido de hidrogênio 1,5% (Peroxyl®) em indivíduos sem medidas de higiene bucal. Quinze indivíduos periodontalmente saudáveis foram usados no experimento. Os participantes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos e requisitados a abolir toda e qualquer medida de higiene bucal, por um período de 3 dias. Durante este período de ausência de higiene bucal, cada grupo usou 3 vezes ao dia, respectivamente, um dos seguintes enxaguatórios bucais: (i) Peroxyl®, (ii) clorexidina 0,12% (Periogard®) e (iii) solução placebo. Após o término do período experimental, os participantes retornaram às suas medidas comuns de higiene bucal por 10 dias. Este esquema experimental foi repetido por mais 2 vezes até que os 3 grupos utilizaram as 3 soluções diferentes. Logo após o término dos respectivos períodos experimentais (3 dias), a quantidade de placa formada nas superfícies dentárias dos participantes foi avaliada clinicamente, utilizando-se o índice de placa de Quigley e Hein modificado por Turesky (IQH). Os resultados do IQH para todas as faces dos dentes nos grupos que usaram Periogard®, Peroxyl® e placebo foram, respectivamente 0,63; 1,24 e 1,78. Estas diferenças neste índice foram estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05). Estes resultados indicam que o uso do enxaguatório Peroxyl® pode diminuir a formação de placa na ausência de medidas mecânicas de higiene bucal.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential of the mouthrinse Peroxyl® to inhibit plaque formation in individuals without oral hygiene measurements. Fifteen periodontally healthy individuals were selected for the study. The participants were divided randomly into three groups and asked to suppress any oral hygiene measures for three days, during wich period each group rinsed three times a day with: (i) Peroxyl®, (ii) Chlorhexidine 0.12% and (iii) placebo. Following, the subjects returned to their oral hygiene routine for ten days. This experimental scheme was repeated twice until the three groups used the three different solutions. After the respective 3-day experimental periods, plaque formation was assessed clinically by means of the Quigley & Hein plaque index (IQH) modified by Turesky. Results regarding IQH and all dental surfaces for the groups that used chlorhexidine, Peroxyl® and placebo were, respectively: 0,63, 1,24, 1.78. Differences were rendered statistically significant (p<0.05). The results indicated that Peroxyl® can prevent plaque formation in the absence of mechanical measures of oral hygiene.
