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1.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 64(6): 506-515, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36402536

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the evolution of the use of imaging tests (ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT)) in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. To determine the positive predictive value of these tests and the percentage of negative and complicated appendectomies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study compared adults who underwent appendectomy for suspected acute appendicitis at our tertiary hospital during 2015 versus similar patients at our center during 2007. RESULTS: A total of 278patients were included. The rate of negative appendectomies descended to 5%. The positive predictive value of ultrasonography increased to 97.4% in 2015, and the positive predictive value of CT and combined CT and ultrasonography was 100%. The rate of complicated appendicitis increased (23% in 2015). CONCLUSIONS: The use of imaging tests increased, and the rate of "blind" laparotomies decreased. Nevertheless, the rate of complicated appendicitis increased.


Subject(s)
Appendicitis , Humans , Adult , Appendicitis/diagnostic imaging , Appendicitis/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Predictive Value of Tests , Ultrasonography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Acute Disease
2.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 64(6): 506-515, Nov-Dic. 2022. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-211647

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar la evolución del uso de pruebas de imagen (ecografía y tomografía computarizada [TC]) en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda, el valor predictivo positivo (VPP) y determinar el porcentaje de apendicectomías negativas y complicadas. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo que incluye a los pacientes adultos con apendicectomía por sospecha de apendicitis aguda en 2015 en un hospital terciario. Se compara con los del 2007 publicados previamente. Resultados: La muestra incluye 278 pacientes. La tasa de apendicectomías negativas descendió a un 5%. El VPP de la ecografía aumentó a 97,4% en 2015 y el VPP de la TC y del uso combinado de la ecografía y la TC fue del 100%. El porcentaje de apendicitis complicadas se incrementó (23% en 2015). Conclusiones: Se observó un aumento en el empleo de pruebas de imagen y una disminución de laparotomías en blanco. No obstante, las apendicitis complicadas se han incrementado.(AU)


Objective: To analyze the evolution of the use of imaging tests (ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT)) in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. To determine the positive predictive value of these tests and the percentage of negative and complicated appendectomies. Material and methods: This retrospective study compared adults who underwent appendectomy for suspected acute appendicitis at our tertiary hospital during 2015 versus similar patients at our center during 2007. Results: A total of 278 patients were included. The rate of negative appendectomies descended to 5%. The positive predictive value of ultrasonography increased to 97.4% in 2015, and the positive predictive value of CT and combined CT and ultrasonography was 100%. The rate of complicated appendicitis increased (23% in 2015). Conclusions: The use of imaging tests increased, and the rate of “blind” laparotomies decreased. Nevertheless, the rate of complicated appendicitis increased.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Appendicitis/diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Predictive Value of Tests , Appendicitis/classification , Radiology , Radiology Department, Hospital , Diagnostic Imaging , Retrospective Studies
3.
Cir. pediátr ; 35(4): 160-164, Oct. 2022. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-210857

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio es evaluar los casos de hiper-lipasemia detectados en el posoperatorio de la apendicitis perforada.Material y método: Se evaluaron retrospectivamente los casos deapendicitis perforada en nuestro centro durante 7 años (2013-2019),seleccionando aquellos con mediciones preoperatorias y posoperatorias de lipasa sérica. Las diferentes variables recogidas se analizaron estadísticamente de manera descriptiva y univariante. Resultados: Se estudiaron un total de 88 pacientes que se dividieron en tres grupos según el valor de la lipasa posoperatoria: 57 correspondenal grupo 1 (lipasa 70-194 U/L, rango normal), 20 al grupo 2 (lipasa 195-582 U/L) y 11 al grupo 3 (lipasa > 582 U/L, valor tres veces por encimadel normal). Las variables que mostraron diferencias estadísticamentesignificativas fueron el sexo, el absceso posoperatorio, la suboclusión/oclusión intestinal posoperatoria, la lipasa preoperatoria, los días denutrición parenteral, los días de ingreso en UCI y los días de estanciahospitalaria. La lipasa posoperatoria mostró una correlación moderadacon la lipasa preoperatoria y ningún caso cumplió criterios diagnósticosde pancreatitis aguda. Conclusiones: La hiperlipasemia en el posoperatorio de la apendicitis perforada no se asocia al desarrollo de pancreatitis clínica, perosí se asocia a una peor evolución en relación con un aumento de complicaciones, como la suboclusión/oclusión intestinal y el absceso intraabdominal, y un mayor número de días de ingreso en UCI, de díasde nutrición parenteral y de estancia hospitalaria. Existe una moderadacorrelación entre la lipasa preoperatoria y posoperatoria, de modo queambas podrían ser útiles como marcadores pronósticos.(AU)


Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the hyperli-pasemia cases detected in the postoperative period of perforated ap-pendicitis. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of the perforatedappendicitis cases occurred in our institution over a 7-year period (2013-2019) was carried out. Only cases where preoperative and postoperativeserum lipase levels were available were included. The variables collectedwere statistically assessed by means of a descriptive, univariate analysis.Results: A total of 88 patients were studied. They were divided into3 groups according to postoperative lipase levels – 57 were allocatedto Group 1 (lipase: 70-194 U/L, normal range), 20 were allocated toGroup 2 (lipase: 195-582 U/L), and 11 were allocated to Group 3 (li-pase: > 582 U/L, which triples normal levels). Statistically significantdifferences were found in the following variables: sex, postoperativeabscess, postoperative subocclusion/intestinal occlusion, preoperativelipase levels, days of parenteral nutrition, days of ICU stay, and daysof hospital stay. Postoperative lipase had a moderate correlation withpreoperative lipase, and none of the cases met acute pancreatitis di-agnostic criteria. Conclusions: Hyperlipasemia in the postoperative period of perfo-rated appendicitis is not associated with developing clinical pancreatitis,but it is associated with worse progression in terms of increased compli-cations, such as subocclusion/intestinal occlusion and intra-abdominalabscess, and longer ICU stay, hospital stay, and parenteral nutrition.There is a moderate correlation between preoperative and postoperativelipase, which means they could both prove useful as prognostic markers.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Appendicitis , Appendix/surgery , Appendectomy , Lipase , Intestinal Obstruction , Postoperative Period , Postoperative Complications , General Surgery , Pediatrics , Child Health
4.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 2020 Dec 14.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33334589

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the evolution of the use of imaging tests (ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT)) in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. To determine the positive predictive value of these tests and the percentage of negative and complicated appendectomies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study compared adults who underwent appendectomy for suspected acute appendicitis at our tertiary hospital during 2015 versus similar patients at our center during 2007. RESULTS: A total of 278 patients were included. The rate of negative appendectomies descended to 5%. The positive predictive value of ultrasonography increased to 97.4% in 2015, and the positive predictive value of CT and combined CT and ultrasonography was 100%. The rate of complicated appendicitis increased (23% in 2015). CONCLUSIONS: The use of imaging tests increased, and the rate of "blind" laparotomies decreased. Nevertheless, the rate of complicated appendicitis increased.

5.
Pediátr. Panamá ; 40(2): 12-19, Agosto 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-849492

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a la apendicitis aguda perforada en el Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas "Omar Torrijos Herrera" (HEPOTH) Materiales y métodos: Estudio de casos (apendicitis perforada) y controles (apendicitis flegmonosas) pareados 1:2 de febrero 2003 a enero 2009 en el HEPOTH. Se analizaron 7 variables con la t de Student y 4 cualitativas con el x2 corregido de McNemar. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 107 casos y 178 controles. El sexo, la edad promedio de intervención y el peso promedio no fueron significativamente distintos. La mayoría de los sujetos procedía de la provincia de Panamá. El tiempo de intervención fue la variable con mayor fuerza de asociación ( 66.5 vs 34.2 horas ; p<.001; IC 95% 21.0-46.0) aunque también resultaron estadisticamente significativos el percentil del peso para la edad ( p=.048), los leucocitos preoperatorios (p=.027), los neutrófilos preoperatorios (p=.010), la historia de vómitos (p<.0001), de diarrea (p<.0001) para a perforación apendicular. La temperatura preparatoria promedio fue significativamente distinta en ambos grupos (p<.001) pero clínicamente no relevante (37.8 vs 37.2ºC). El uso de antibióticos preoperatorios resultó ser un factor protector (p<0.0001); OR 0.31; IC 95% 0.20-0.47). Conclusiones: El tiempo de intervención desde el primer síntoma es el principal factor de riesgo para la perforación apendicular. Algunos otros criterios clínicos y paraclínicos también deben tomarse en consideración para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento oportuno. El uso preoperatorio de antimicrobianos profilácticos y analgésicos puede mejorar los resultados y la condición del paciente pediátrico con apendicitis aguda.


Aim: To determine the risk factors associated with perforated acute appendicitis at the Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas "Omar Torrijos Herrera" (HEPOTH) Materials and methods: Matched 1:2 cases control study ( perforated vs flegmonous) from February 2003 to January 2009 at the HEPOTH. Seven quantitative variables were analyzed with Student t and 4 qualitatives variables were analyzed McNemar ´s corrected x2. Results: One hundred and seven cases and 178 controls were obtained.Gender, mean intervention age, and mean weight were not significantly different . Most of the subjects came from the province of Panama. Time until intervention was the variable with the most association strength ( 66.5 vs 34.2 hours ; p<.001; IC 95% 21.0-46.0) even though weight for age percentile ( p=.048), preoperatory leucocytes (p=.027), preoperatory neutrophils (p=.010), and the history of vomits (p<.0001), and diarrhea(p<.0001) also resulted statistically significant for appendices perforation. Mean preparatory temperature was significantly different (p<.001) but not clinically relevant (37.8 vs 37.2ºC) between both groups. The use of preparatory antibiotics turned out to be a protection factor (p<0.0001); OR 0.31; IC 95% 0.20-0.47). Conclusions: Time until intervention since the first symptoms is the main risk factor for appendiceal perforation. Some other clinical and paraclinical criteria must also be taken into account for a timely diagnosis and treatment. Preoperatory use of prophylactic antimicrobial and analgesics can improve the results and the condition of the pediatric patient with acute appendicitis.

6.
Rev. chil. cir ; 61(5): 413-422, oct. 2009. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-582097

ABSTRACT

Background: An elevated total bilirubin level can be a marker for perforated appendicitis. Aim: To assess and compare the predictive value of total bilirubin, C-reactive protein (CRP), white-blood cell count, the lapse of symptoms evolution, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) for the diagnosis of perforated appendicitis. Material and Methods: Prospective study of 134 consecutive patients aged 33 +/- 16 years (63 males) operated for acute appendicitis of whom 49 had a perforated appendix. A preoperative blood sample was obtained to measure total bilirubin, C reactive protein and complete blood count. A systemic inflammatory response score was calculated. Results: The lapse of symptoms before operation was higher in patients with perforated appendicitis compared with their counterparts without perforation (105.2 +/- 79.3 and 38.6 +/- 17.5 hours respectively). C reactive protein values were 176 +/- 82.6 and 80 +/- 76 mg/1 respectively, (p = 0.01). Serum bilirubin values were 0.7 +/- 0.3 and 1.0 +/- 0.5 mg/dl, respectively (p = 0.05). Sixty five percent of patients with perforated appendicitis had a SIRS score between 3 and 4 points. A C reactive protein over 76.7 mg/1, a lapse of symptoms over 34.5 hours and a SIRS score of three or more had the best performance for the prediction of perforated appendicitis. Conclusions: The diagnosis of perforated appendicitis may be suspected based on CRP, SIRS, and the lapse of symptoms before operation. We do not recommend the use of total bilirubin to predict perforation in appendicitis.


Introducción: Se ha propuesto a la hiperbilirrubinemia como un marcador específico de apendicitis perforada. El objetivo del presente estudio es el de comparar el rendimiento para la predicción de perforación de la bilirrubina total (BT) y la proteína C reactiva (PCR), leucocitosis, el tiempo de evolución del cuadro clínico y el síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica (SIRS). Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio prospectivo y observacional, en el que se aplican curvas Receiver Operating Characteristics para comparar la sensibilidad y especificidad de las variables investigadas, se determinaron los mejores puntos de corte con la mejor sensibilidad y especificidad. Resultados: El período de tiempo de evolución del cuadro clínico se encontraba prolongado en los pacientes con apendicitis perforada (105,2 +/- 79,3 h y 38,6 +/- 17,5 h) y los niveles de PCR se encontraban muy elevados (176 +/- 82,6 mg/1 y 80 +/- 76 mg/1). La mayoría de los pacientes con apendicitis perforada tuvieron una puntuación SIRS entre 3 y 4 puntos. El valor de la PCR mayor a 76,7 mg/1, el tiempo de evolución de los síntomas mayor a 34,5 h y una puntuación SIRS de 3 puntos o más obtuvieron los mejores puntos de corte con el mejor rendimiento para la predicción de apendicitis perforada. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico de apendicitis perforada puede sospecharse cuando la PCR, SIRS y el período de tiempo de evolución del cuadro clínico están elevados. No recomendamos la medición de la BT como factor predictivo de perforación en pacientes con apendicitis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Appendicitis/diagnosis , Hyperbilirubinemia/etiology , Intestinal Perforation/diagnosis , Appendicitis/complications , Appendicitis/blood , Bilirubin/blood , Clinical Evolution , Length of Stay , Biomarkers/blood , Prospective Studies , C-Reactive Protein/blood , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and Specificity , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/blood
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