Unusual location of apocrine hidrocystoma in children: Case series.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Apocrine Hidrocystoma is a relatively rare benign tumour that begins from the apocrine sweat glands of the head and neck. The Authors present a case series of children with urogenital localization. CASES PRESENTATION: Two boys (15 years and 9 years) presented with a small mass on the glans. Another 15-year-old boy presented with a cystic lesion in the right side of the scrotum where he had a previous surgery. The last case, a 17-year-old boy, presented because of a penile cyst of 8 mm. All four had surgical operations because of aesthetic discomfort or problems during micturition. Histological examination showed a diagnosis of apocrine hidrocystoma in all cases. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: This benign tumour rarely affects the urogenital system in children, but when it happens the child can have discomfort and proper treatment is mandatory. CONCLUSION: Surgery is the preferred treatment with a low risk of recurrence.

Apocrine Hidrocystoma of the Parotid Gland.

Apocrine hidrocystoma is a cystic tumor originating from apocrine sweat glands. It is predominantly located in the eyelid margins. Here, we report a case of apocrine hidrocystoma of the parotid gland in a 19-year-old man who was referred to our outpatient clinic with a 5-year history of a gradual swelling in the left parotid region. The patient underwent left superficial parotidectomy. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of apocrine hidrocystoma. The case is original by the tumor's location: to the best of our knowledge, this could be the first case in English and French literature reporting an apocrine hidrocystoma affecting the parotid gland. The purpose of this article is to report our case and discuss its clinical and anatomopathological features as well as its differential diagnoses.

Median raphe cysts: A clinico-pathologic and immunohistochemical study of 52 cases.

BACKGROUND: Median raphe cysts (MRC) are epithelial-lined cystic lesions of the genital area that do not communicate with the urethra or the overlying epidermis. Immunohistochemically, MRC show positivity for cytokeratin (CK) 5-6, CK 7, carcinoembryonic antigen, p63 and uroplakin III (URO III). GATA3 and human milk fat globulin 1 (HMFG1) are immunohistochemical markers that have been not previously studied in MRC. METHODS: We conducted a study of 52 patients diagnosed with MRC in the Pathology Departments of eight hospitals between 1990 and 2016. The monoclonal antibodies used were CK5-6, CK7, CK20, URO III, p63, GATA3, and HMFG1. HMFG1 was studied in five cases of apocrine hidrocystomas and compared with five cases of MRC from our series. RESULTS: CK 5-6, CK7, and p63 expression showed strong positivity in the urothelial epithelium of 48 cases. CK20 was focally positive in areas of mucinous differentiation in three cases. GATA3 showed intense nuclear staining in 30 cases. HMFG1 was positive in three cases of MRC and in three cases of apocrine hidrocystoma. CONCLUSION: Positivity of GATA3 and CK7 in MRC supports the urothelial origin of these cysts. We found no differences in HMFG1 expression between MRC and apocrine hidrocystomas.

Orbital apocrine hidrocystoma with ptosis.

Purpose: To describe a patient with orbital apocrine hidrocystoma presenting with ptosis and subsequent management. Observations: A 43-year-old woman presented to the oculoplastic surgery clinic with a left-sided ptosis and enlarging but painless mass in the sulcus of the left upper eyelid. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a large, circumscribed T2 bright cystic lesion in the extraconal space. Surgical excision and histopathology confirmed a diagnosis of apocrine hidrocystoma. Conclusions: Although uncommon, ptosis may be a presenting symptom of an orbital apocrine hidrocystoma, which should be considered in the differential diagnosis for an extraconal cystic lesion. Apocrine hidrocystomas are benign tumors and are cured with surgical excision with rare recurrence.

Apocrine Hidrocystoma of the Upper Eyelid.

What is an apocrine hidrocystoma?How does an apocrine hidrocystoma present?What are the histological features of an apocrinehidrocystoma?What is the treatment and prognosis?

Apocrine Hidrocystoma with IgG4 Plasma Cell Infiltration Presenting as Recurrent Chalazion: A Case Report.

Apocrine hidrocystomas are benign cystic tumors resulting from apocrine sweat glands' proliferation. They typically present as solitary, slow-growing nodules at the head and neck, especially in the periorbital cutaneous region. We present a case of periorbital apocrine hidrocystoma in a 22-year-old woman that was treated as chalazion previously. Besides the hallmark histopathological findings of apocrine hidrocystoma, IgG4 plasma cell infiltration of the cystic wall was also found. The ratio of IgG4-to-IgG-positive plasma cells was high, whereas serum IgG4 was within the standard limit. This is, to date, the only probable IgG4-related ophthalmic disease associated with apocrine hidrocystoma.

Apocrine Hidrocystoma: A Rare Case Report.

Hidrocystoma is a cystic tumor originating from a dilated sweat gland. The tumor is typically small and located predominantly on the face, particularly in the eyelid margins. They are two classical types of hidrocystomas i.e., Apocrine and Eccrine. Apocrine hidrocystomas are cystic lesions that arise from the apocrine secretory coil and Eccrine hidrocystomas represent retention cysts of the eccrine duct. Multiple apocrine hidrocystomas confined to the eyelids have been recognized as a feature of a new variant of ectodermal dysplasia. Here we present a rare case of Apocrine hidrocystoma of supraorbital area for which excisional biopsy of the lesion was performed. Histopathological evaluation proved the lesion was a unilocular cyst lined by a double-layered epithelium of the apocrine type. The purpose of this paper is to report the unique occurrence of a Supra orbital apocrine hidrocystoma which was clinically as a sebaceous cyst and to discuss its differential diagnosis with other more common supraorbital and face lesions.

A giant apocrine hidrocystoma associated with elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels are often elevated in patients with malignant diseases. However, the etiology of elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels may be extremely difficult to determine considering that this finding may occasionally occur in patients with benign diseases. Apocrine hidrocystomas, which are typically small and found on the face, are benign cystic lesions of apocrine sweat glands. CASE PRESENTATION: A 58-year-old Japanese man was referred to us because of high serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels (15.9 ng/mL) found incidentally during a routine medical checkup. A physical examination revealed a hemispherical mass approximately 5 cm in diameter on his left thigh. Magnetic resonance imaging of the region showed a multilocular cystic mass with clear margins and a smooth surface, suggesting a cystic tumor. He underwent local mass resection. Pathological examination of the resected mass revealed an apocrine hidrocystoma with luminal cells, which tested immunohistochemically positive for carcinoembryonic antigen. Postoperatively, serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels returned to normal. This report is the first to describe an apocrine hidrocystoma associated with high serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels. CONCLUSIONS: An apocrine hidrocystoma can cause elevation of serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Despite its rarity, apocrine hidrocystoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of conditions causing high serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels. In addition, skin diseases deserve more careful attention for patients with high serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels.

Apocrine hidrocystoma on the genitalia of a 9-year-old girl.

Apocrine hidrocystomas are mostly found on the cheeks and eyelids but also on the scalp and neck. The age distribution is from 30 to 70 years old. We report a case of an apocrine hidrocystoma on the genitalia of a 9-year-old girl.

Lipofuscin deposition causes the pigmentation of apocrine hidrocystoma.

Apocrine hidrocystoma (AHC) is a benign cystic lesion arising from apocrine glands and frequently presents as a blue hae with a whitish gloss. It has been reported that the amount of lipofuscin and the degree of its oxidation determines the pigmentation of AHC. However, little is known about the correlation between clinical color and lipofuscin granules. In this study, we histopathologically investigated three cases of AHC and statistically analyzed the quantitative correlation between the clinical color tone and the amount of cytoplasmic lipofuscin deposits. The color tone was quantified as the mean gray value using Image J software. Statistical analysis showed a negative correlative tendency (P = 0.09) between the color tone and the amount of lipofuscin. Our study suggests that the color tone of AHC is associated with the amount of lipofuscin.

Eccrine Hidrocystoma in External Auditory Canal / 대한이비인후과학회지

Hidrocystomas, eccrine or apocrine are rare ductal cystic benign lesions of the sweat gland. These uncommon cystic lesions are extremely rare in the external ear. Here, we discuss the clinical features and management of eccrine hydrocystoma in the external ear by describing the clinical, radiographic, pathologic features and management of an external auditory canal eccrine hidrocystoma in a 73-year-old Korean man. To the best of our knowledge, this tumor has not been reported previously in this site. Five month after surgery, there has been no evidence of local recurrence.

A Case of Apocrine Hidrocystoma on the Ankle / 계명의대학술지

Apocrine hidrocystoma is a benign tumor arising from apocrine sweat gland. It presents as a solitary translucent nodule, usually on the face, head, and neck. However it is extremely rare for the apocrine hidrocystoma to arise on the extremities, and no case of apocrine hidrocystoma on lower extremity has been reported in Korean dermatologic literature. Herein, we report a case of 63-year-old male apocrine hidrocystoma that developed in ankle area with a review of the literature.

Apocrine hidrocystoma arising from nevus sebaceous on the scalp.

Nevus sebaceous is a hamartoma with an uneventful course since birth but many benign or malignant tumors are known to develop in about one third of the patients. A 37-year-old woman with asymptomatic hairless raised lesion over the scalp since birth presented with change in the morphology of the lesions associated with itching and irritation since one month. On examination, multiple well-defined hyperpigmented verrucous plaques coalescing with each other were seen over the right parietal scalp associated with alopecia. A single well-defined soft skin-colored cystic swelling of size 1 × 2 cm was seen interspersed within the plaque. After a clinical diagnosis of nevus sebaceous, a biopsy of the cyst was done, which revealed a large cyst lined by columnar and myoepithelial cells in the dermis. The columnar cells at a few places showed "decapitation secretion" giving the impression of apocrine hidrocystoma. Post-excision of the cyst, biopsy of the entire nevus was done and the histopathological diagnosis correlated with the clinical diagnosis of nevus sebaceous. Apocrine hidrocystoma developing from a sebaceous nevus over the scalp is a rarity with only three other cases of it arising on the scalp being reported and none of them developed from a sebaceous nevus.

A Giant Apocrine Hidrocystoma Presenting as Lacrimal Gland Mass.

Apocrine hidrocystomas are cysts resulting from obstruction of the apocrine sweat gland ducts. They are usually solitary and seen in the head and neck areas. Apocrine hidrocystomas are rarely seen in the orbit with very few adult cases published in literature until now.

A Cyst You Can't Miss: A Rare Presentation of an Orbital Apocrine Hidrocystoma.

Apocrine hidrocystomas are benign cystic lesions derived from the sweat glands of Moll and seldom found in the orbit. The authors present a case of a 41-year-old healthy man, with no prior medical history, referred for a painless enlarging mass, medial to his right upper eyelid for the past 3 months. Computed tomography showed a well-defined cystic lesion localized in the supero-medial anterior orbit. Following complete excision of the lesion, histopathology revealed an apocrine hidrocystoma. Although rare, apocrine hidrocystomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis for cystic mass of the orbit at any age group.

Multiple apocrine hidrocystomas: a case report.

Hidrocystomas are rare cystic lesions that form benign tumours of the sweat glands. In this report, a clinical case of multiple apocrine hidrocystomas on both the upper and lower eyelids, and on both the malar regions has been discussed. These lesions are less likely than the eccrine lesions to occur at the periorbital region.

Apocrine Hydrocystoma on the Lip / 대한피부과학회지

No abstract available.

An Apocrine Hydrocystoma Combined with a Dermoid Cyst / 대한피부과학회지

An apocrine hydrocystoma is a translucent cystic nodule that looks like adenomatous cystic proliferation of an apocrine gland, which originated from a hair germ. Dermoid cyst is a cystic teratoma that contains developmentally mature skin appendages, such as hair follicles, sweat glands, and other tissues derived from the ectoderm. Many investigators believe that dermoid cysts re originated from the ectoderm, specifically the hair germ cells. A 58-year-old woman was presented with a purple, asymptomatic, dome-shaped nodule on her right lower eyelid that had been slowly increasing in size for several years. Histopathological examination revealed two well-demarcated cysts: one was lined with stratified squamous epithelium with mature hair and sebaceous glands and the other contained large cystic spaces, which papillary projections extended. We report a rare case of a dermoid cyst, combined with an apocrine hydrocystoma, occurring in the right lower eyelid.

Two Pilosebaceous Cysts with Apocrine Hidrocystoma in One Biopsy Site: A Spectrum of the Same Disease Process?

A 28-year-old woman presented with multiple, asymptomatic, erythematous to bluish papules located on the chest. Histopathologically, three round, well defined cystic structures were seen on the upper and lower dermis. The first cyst was milia, the second was apocrine hidrocystoma and the other, largest cyst was an eruptive vellus hair cyst (EVHC). A diagnosis of multiple pilosebaceous cysts combined with apocrine hidrocystoma was made. Since the milia and EVHC originate from the pilosebaceous unit, and the apocrine duct opens to the pilosebaceous orifice, we suggest that they can occur simultaneously in the same unit.

Two Pilosebaceous Cysts with Apocrine Hidrocystoma in One Biopsy Site: A Spectrum of the Same Disease Process?

A 28-year-old woman presented with multiple, asymptomatic, erythematous to bluish papules located on the chest. Histopathologically, three round, well defined cystic structures were seen on the upper and lower dermis. The first cyst was milia, the second was apocrine hidrocystoma and the other, largest cyst was an eruptive vellus hair cyst (EVHC). A diagnosis of multiple pilosebaceous cysts combined with apocrine hidrocystoma was made. Since the milia and EVHC originate from the pilosebaceous unit, and the apocrine duct opens to the pilosebaceous orifice, we suggest that they can occur simultaneously in the same unit.