New horizons in criminal legal data: creating a comprehensive archive.

While criminal legal involvement is a structural determinant of health, both administrative and national longitudinal cohort data are collected and made available in a way that prevents a full understanding of this relationship. Administrative data are both collected and overseen by the same entity and are incomplete, delayed, and/or uninterpretable. Cohort data often only ask these questions to the most vulnerable, and do not include all types of criminal legal involvement, when this involvement occurs in someone's life, or family and community involvement. To achieve a more optimized data landscape and to facilitate population-level research on criminal legal involvement and health, (1) individual administrative level data must be made available and able to be linked across carceral systems, (2) a national data archive must be made to maintain and make criminal legal data available to researchers, and (3) a nationally representative, longitudinal study focused on those with criminal legal involvement is necessary. By beginning to critically think about how future data could be collated and collected, we can begin to provide more robust evidence around how the criminal legal system impacts the health of our society and, in turn, create policy reform.

Interlude 1: Crablike Collective Moves.

This interlude follows the AAH conference, when all of the authors who contribute to the special journal edition are present. Their wide-ranging conversation covers the idea and possibilities of a polyphonic history of art. This interlude is a starting point, a jumping off point from where a group of authors, researchers and artists reflect on new ways of thinking about, and new ways of presenting, art history. Their conversation develops an ambition to move away from the well-trodden and often reductive methodological frameworks of art history, as they debate ideas around transnationalism, globalism, artist-centric art histories and the idea of artist as author. This interlude is about collective endeavours, both by the subjects being discussed in each paper, and by the authors who are writing about them.

Investigações sobre a visibilidade dada ao usuário de drogas durante a ditadura militar brasileira no acervo da Folha de S. Paulo / Research on the visibility given to drug users during the Brazilian military dictatorship in the Folha de S. Paulo archive / Investigación sobre la visibilidad dada a los usuarios de drogas durante la dictadura militar brasileña en lo acervo de la Folha de S. Paulo

Este artigo traz reflexões com base no acervo virtual da Folha de S.Paulo, identificando representações do usuário de substâncias psicoativas veiculadas pelo jornal no período da Ditadura Militar brasileira, anos notáveis por aspectos políticos, culturais, jurídico-legais e médicos diretamente associados às drogas. Nesse contexto, foram selecionadas notícias sobre o assunto veiculadas pela Folha, dada a sua ascensão nacional, na década de 1960, pela fusão da Folha da Manhã e da Folha da Noite, e como empresa de mídia aliada do governo ditatorial. Para isso, foram feitas consultas ao repositório virtual do jornal usando adjetivos que referenciam quem utiliza substâncias psicoativas: "drogado", "toxicômano", "usuário de drogas", "usuário de entorpecentes", "viciado em drogas" e "dependente químico"). Surgiram duas categorias: saúde e crime. Delas derivam as representações do usuário de drogas. Ao longo do texto, reflete-se sobre os processos de sua visibilidade e estigmatização e a maneira como isso impacta atualmente. Reflete-se ainda sobre o caráter democrático do acesso ao repositório digital do jornal, bem como sobre os atuais movimentos nostálgicos do ufanismo existente no período ditatorial e seus impactos nas políticas de drogas.

This article reflects on the virtual archive of Folha de S.Paulo, identifying representations of psychoactive substance users published by that newspaper during the Brazilian Military Dictatorship, years notable for the political, cultural, legal and medical aspects directly associated with drugs. In this context, news on the subject published by Folha was selected, given its national rise in the 1960s through the merger of Folha da Manhã and Folha da Noite, and as a media company allied with the dictatorial government. To do this, the newspaper's virtual repository was searched using adjectives that refer to those who use psychoactive substances: "drugged", "drug addict", "drug user", "illegal narcotics user", "hooked on drugs" and "chemical dependent"). Two categories emerged: health and crime. The representations of drug users derive from these. Throughout this text, we reflect on the processes of their visibility and stigmatisation and the way in which this has an impact today. We also reflect on the democratic nature of access to the newspaper's digital repository, as well as the current nostalgic movements for chauvinism that existed during the dictatorial period and their impact on drug policies.

Este artículo aporta reflexiones basadas en el acervo virtual de la Folha de S.Paulo, identificando las re-presentaciones de los usuarios de sustancias psicoactivas publicadas por el periódico durante la Dictadura Militar brasileña, años destacados por los aspectos políticos, culturales, jurídicos y médicos directamente asociados a las drogas. En este contexto, fueron seleccionadas noticias sobre el tema publicadas por la Folha, dada su proeminencia nacional en la década de 1960 a través de la fusión de Folha da Manhã y Folha da Noite, y como medio de comunicación aliado del gobierno dictatorial. Para hacerlo, se realizó una búsqueda en el repositorio virtual del periódico utilizando adjetivos que hacen referencia a quien consume sustancias psicoactivas: "yonqui", "toxicómano", "usuario de drogas", "usuario de estupefacientes", "dro-gadicto" y "químicamente dependiente"). Surgieron dos categorías: salud y crimen. De ellas se derivan las representaciones de los usuarios de drogas. A lo largo del texto, reflexionamos sobre los procesos de su visibilidad y estigmatización y la forma como esto repercute en la actualidad. También reflexionamos sobre el carácter democrático del acceso al repositorio digital del periódico, así como sobre los actuales movi-mientos nostálgicos del ufanismo que existió durante la dictadura y su impacto en las políticas de drogas.

The evolution of raw data archiving and the growth of its importance in crystallography.

The hardware for data archiving has expanded capacities for digital storage enormously in the past decade or more. The IUCr evaluated the costs and benefits of this within an official working group which advised that raw data archiving would allow ground truth reproducibility in published studies. Consultations of the IUCr's Commissions ensued via a newly constituted standing advisory committee, the Committee on Data. At all stages, the IUCr financed workshops to facilitate community discussions and possible methods of raw data archiving implementation. The recent launch of the IUCrData journal's Raw Data Letters is a milestone in the implementation of raw data archiving beyond the currently published studies: it includes diffraction patterns that have not been fully interpreted, if at all. The IUCr 75th Congress in Melbourne included a workshop on raw data reuse, discussing the successes and ongoing challenges of raw data reuse. This article charts the efforts of the IUCr to facilitate discussions and plans relating to raw data archiving and reuse within the various communities of crystallography, diffraction and scattering.

Impacts of sample handling and storage conditions on archiving physiologically active soil microbial communities.

Soil microbial communities are fundamental to ecosystem processes and plant growth, yet community composition is seasonally and successionally dynamic, which interferes with long-term iterative experimentation of plant-microbe interactions. We explore how soil sample handling (e.g. filtering) and sample storage conditions impact the ability to revive the original, physiologically active, soil microbial community. We obtained soil from agricultural fields in Montana and Oklahoma, USA and samples were sieved to 2 mm or filtered to 45 µm. Sieved and filtered soil samples were archived at -20°C or -80°C for 50 days and revived for 2 or 7 days. We extracted DNA and the more transient RNA pools from control and treatment samples and characterized microbial communities using 16S amplicon sequencing. Filtration and storage treatments significantly altered soil microbial communities, impacting both species richness and community composition. Storing sieved soil at -20°C did not alter species richness and resulted in the least disruption to the microbial community composition in comparison to nonarchived controls as characterized by RNA pools from soils of both sites. Filtration significantly altered composition but not species richness. Archiving sieved soil at -20°C could allow for long-term and repeated experimentation on preserved physiologically active microbial communities.

The development of an archive of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in oncology: The Italian PRO4All project.

BACKGROUND: Choosing the most adequate measure of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) for a specific medical condition is not straightforward. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive archive of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), observer-reported outcome measures (ObsROMs) and caregiver-reported outcome measures (CROMs) in oncology and identify their main characteristics and target outcome domains. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As part of the Italian PRO4All Project, we retrieved questionnaires through an extensive search of online databases. We developed a data extraction form to collect information on cancer type, questionnaire variant(s), recall period, and scoring system. We performed a content analysis of the questionnaires to assign each item a specific outcome domain according to a predefined 38-item taxonomy. RESULTS: A total of 386 PROMs (n = 356), ObsROMs (n = 13) and CROMs (n = 17) were identified and described; of these, 358 were also analyzed in their content. 47.3 % of the instruments were cancer type-specific, 45.1 % were generic for cancer and 7.9 % were developed for the general population but also recommended in oncology. The great majority (92.2 %) were patient-reported. In 50.3 % the recall period was "last week". The mean number of items per questionnaire was 22.0 (range: 1-130). 7794 items were assigned an outcome domain, the most frequent being emotional functioning/wellbeing (22 %), physical functioning (15.7 %), general outcomes (10.1 %) and delivery of care (8.9 %). CONCLUSIONS: There are a variety of patient and caregiver-reported measures in oncology. This archive can guide researchers and practitioners in selecting the most suitable measures and fostering a patient-centered approach in clinical trials, clinical practice, and regulatory activities.

Tracing womyn-born-womyn & trans-exclusion: Into the Michigan Womyn's Music Festival archive.

Few events evoke a divisive response amongst lesbians like the mentioning of the Michigan Womyn's Music Festival. Autoethnographies, interviews, podcasts, and books - just to name a few - continue to be crafted even after the forty-year festival's end. Unlike previous publications, this article approaches the festival using archival materials housed at Michigan State University donated by producer, Lisa Vogel, to unpack the signaling rhetoric of womyn-born-womyn (WBW). I center the experience Nancy Burkholder, a transsexual woman expelled from the festival, to navigate, as Nancy tried to navigate, the WBW "policy." I then take readers on a journey into the archive and articulate my research through calculated steps of tracing language through years of the festival. This article demonstrates how documents, created by festival producers, incited confusion for Nancy Burkholder during the festival and how these same documents now sustain an archival ambiguity.

Targeting the TRAF3-ULK1-NLRP3 regulatory axis to control alveolar macrophage pyroptosis in acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious condition characterized by damage to the lungs. Recent research has revealed that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in alveolar macrophages, a type of immune cell in the lungs, plays a key role in the development of ALI. This process, known as pyroptosis, contributes significantly to ALI pathogenesis. Researchers have conducted comprehensive bioinformatics analyses and identified 15 key genes associated with alveolar macrophage pyroptosis in ALI. Among these, NLRP3 has emerged as a crucial regulator. This study further reveal that the ULK1 protein diminishes the expression of NLRP3, thereby reducing the immune response of alveolar macrophages and mitigating ALI. Conversely, TRAF3, another protein, is found to inhibit ULK1 through a process called ubiquitination, leading to increased activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and exacerbation of ALI. This TRAF3-mediated suppression of ULK1 and subsequent activation of NLRP3 are confirmed through various in vitro and in vivo experiments. The presence of abundant M0 and M1 alveolar macrophages in the ALI tissue samples further support these findings. This research highlights the TRAF3-ULK1-NLRP3 regulatory axis as a pivotal pathway in ALI development and suggests that targeting this axis could be an effective therapeutic strategy for ALI treatment.

Metabarcode insights into the airborne fungal diversity in the indoor and outdoor environments in archives from Yunnan, Southwestern China.

Monitoring dynamics of airborne fungal species and controlling of harmful ones are of vital importance to conservation of cultural relics. However, the evaluation of air quality and the community structure characteristics of microorganisms, especially fungi, in the atmosphere of archives is in a stage of continuous exploration though more than 4,000 archives were constructed in China. Seventy-two air samples were collected in this study under different spatial and weather conditions from the archives of Kunming Medical University, located in the Kunming metropolitan area, Yunnan province, southwestern China. A total of 22 airborne fungal classes, 160 genera and 699 ASVs were identified, the species diversity is on the rise with the strengthening of air circulation with the outside space, and thus the intensive energy metabolism and activity were found in the spaces with window and sunny weather, except for the higher lipid synthesis of indoor samples than that of outdoor ones. Furthermore, there were significant differences in fungal community composition and abundance between sunny and rainy weathers. A considerable number of species have been identified as indicator in various environmental and weather conditions of the archives, and temperature and humidity were thought to have significant correlations with the abundance of these species. Meanwhile, Cladosporium and Alternaria were the dominant genera here, which may pose a threat to the health of archive professionals. Therefore, monitoring and controlling the growth of these fungal species is crucial for both conservation of paper records and health of archive professionals.

Analyses of Nuclear Reads Obtained Using Genome Skimming.

In this protocol paper, we review a set of methods developed in recent years for analyzing nuclear reads obtained from genome skimming. As the cost of sequencing drops, genome skimming (low-coverage shotgun sequencing of a sample) becomes increasingly a cost-effective method of measuring biodiversity at high resolution. While most practitioners only use assembled over-represented organelle reads from a genome skim, the vast majority of the reads are nuclear. Using assembly-free and alignment-free methods described in this protocol, we can compare samples to each other and reference genomes to compute distances, characterize underlying genomes, and infer evolutionary relationships.

A novel method to estimate the response of habitat types to nitrogen deposition.

Increasing nitrogen depositions adversely affect European landscapes, including habitats within the Natura2000 network. Critical loads for nitrogen deposition have been established to quantify the loss of habitat quality. When the nitrogen deposition rises above a habitat-specific critical load, the quality of the focal habitat is expected to be negatively influenced. Here, we investigate how the quality of habitat types is affected beyond the critical load. We calculated response curves for 60 terrestrial habitat types in the Netherlands to the estimated nitrogen deposition (EMEP-data). The curves for habitat types are based on the occurrence of their characteristic plant species in North-Western Europe (plot data from the European Vegetation Archive). The estimated response curves were corrected for soil type, mean annual temperature and annual precipitation. Evaluation was carried out by expert judgement, and by comparison with gradient deposition field studies. For 39 habitats the response to nitrogen deposition was judged to be reliable by five experts, while out of the 41 habitat types for which field studies were available, 25 showed a good agreement. Some of the curves showed a steep decline in quality and some a more gradual decline with increasing nitrogen deposition. We compared the response curves with both the empirical and modelled critical loads. For 41 curves, we found a decline already starting below the critical load.

About Polish forensic medicine based on archival material described in scientific literature. / O polskiej medycynie sadowej na kanwie materialu archiwalnego opisanego w literaturze naukowej.

The need for medical assessment of murder victims and the establishment of rules for this assessment became the driving force behind the creation of forensic medicine, while the non-medical area of crime assessment, including crime scene examination, became the driving force behind the creation and development of criminalistics. Polish forensic medicine has been developing for over 200 years, and the Kraków Chair of Forensic Medicine is the oldest unit of this type. It is therefore not surprising that the archive which collects protocols of expert and scientific research is quite extensive. This material is a valuable foundation for scientific work including not only numerous publications in national and international journals, but also books. The author of the work selected several books on medical and forensic topics that appeared in recent decades on the Polish publishing market, indicating the value and importance of archival material in the literature of this area of science.

Pathology Laboratory Archives: Conservation Quality of Nucleic Acids and Proteins for NSCLC Molecular Testing.

In the molecular era, proper archival conditions within pathology laboratories are crucial, especially for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens retrieved years after the original diagnosis. Indeed, improper preservation can impact the integrity of nucleic acids and protein antigens. This study evaluates the quality status of stored FFPE blocks using multilevel omics approaches. FFPE blocks from 45 Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) cases were analyzed. The blocks were collected from six different pathology archives across Italy with distinct environmental characteristics. Nucleic acids' quantity and quality, as well as protein antigens, were assessed using various techniques, including MALDI-MSI. RNA was quantitatively higher, but more fragmented, compared to DNA. DNA quantity and quality were suitable for molecular analyses in 94.4% and 62.3% of samples, respectively. RNA quantity was adequate across all samples, but it was optimal only in 22.3% of cases. DNA quality started to deteriorate after 6-8 years, whereas RNA quality diminished only after 10 years of storage. These data might suggest a particular DNA susceptibility to FFPE blocks conservation. Immunohistochemical intensity decreased significantly after 6-8 years of storage, and MALDI-MSI analysis revealed that younger tissue blocks contained more unique proteomic signals than the older ones. This study emphasizes the importance of proper FFPE archiving conditions for molecular analyses. Governance should prioritize attention to pathology archives to ensure quality preservation and optimize predictive testing. By elucidating the nuances of FFPE block storage, this research paves the way for enhanced molecular diagnostics and therapeutic insights regarding oncology and beyond.

Current and past climate co-shape community-level plant species richness in the Western Siberian Arctic.

The Arctic ecosystems and their species are exposed to amplified climate warming and, in some regions, to rapidly developing economic activities. This study assesses, models, and maps the geographic patterns of community-level plant species richness in the Western Siberian Arctic and estimates the relative impact of environmental and anthropogenic factors driving these patterns. With our study, we aim at contributing toward conservation efforts for Arctic plant diversity in the Western Siberian Arctic. Western Siberian Arctic, Russia. We investigated the relative importance of environmental and anthropogenic predictors of community-level plant species richness in the Western Siberian Arctic using macroecological models trained with an extensive geobotanical dataset. We included vascular plants, mosses and lichens in our analysis, as non-vascular plants substantially contribute to species richness and ecosystem functions in the Arctic. We found that the mean community-level plant species richness in this vast Arctic region does not decrease with increasing latitude. Instead, we identified an increase in species richness from South-West to North-East, which can be well explained by environmental factors. We found that paleoclimatic factors exhibit higher explained deviance compared to contemporary climate predictors, potentially indicating a lasting impact of ancient climate on tundra plant species richness. We also show that the existing protected areas cover only a small fraction of the regions with highest species richness. Our results reveal complex spatial patterns of community-level species richness in the Western Siberian Arctic. We show that climatic factors such as temperature (including paleotemperature) and precipitation are the main drivers of plant species richness in this area, and the role of relief is clearly secondary. We suggest that while community-level plant species richness is mostly driven by environmental factors, an improved spatial sampling will be needed to robustly and more precisely assess the impact of human activities on community-level species richness patterns. Our approach and results can be used to design conservation strategies and to investigate drivers of plant species richness in other arctic regions.

The retention duration of digital images in picture archiving and communication systems.

Introduction: Every year, a large number of medical images such as MRIs, CT scans, and radiographs are prepared in hospitals, and a lot of money is spent on their preparation. Picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is an integrated image management system for maintaining and storing digital images. The objective of this study was to determine the storage duration of digital images in PACS. Methods: This was a scoping review study in which we searched the PubMed and Embase databases using a combination of terms related to radiography, storage, and duration. The reference lists of included articles were checked to identify other relevant articles. Moreover, we searched Google to retrieve relevant gray literature and other information sources including guidelines. The selection process was carried out in three stages and was reported based on the PRISMA flowchart and the data were extracted using the data collection form. Results: Based on the database search 2867 articles were identified, of which 13 articles were eligible for inclusion. Searching for gray literature identified 7 relevant sources. The results showed that based on the institutions' plans and regulations, different countries have different storage policies. In general, to store images between 6 and 240 months for short-term storage and between 0 and 240 months for long-term storage were considered. Conclusion: Due to financial constraints and storage space requirements, healthcare organizations can provide a solution by drafting guidelines on the appropriate storage duration for medical images. The findings of this study can assist healthcare authorities and healthcare centers in employing PACS systems to manage and minimize storage space for medical images, thereby reducing storage costs.

The magneto-microbiome: A dataset of the metagenomic distribution of magnetotactic bacteria.

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are diverse prokaryotes characterized by their ability to generate biogenic magnetic iron crystals. MTB are ubiquitous across aquatic environments, and growing evidence has indicated they may be present in association with animal microbiomes. Unfortunately, they are difficult to culture in vitro and more studies understanding their biogeographical distribution and ecological roles are needed. To provide data regarding the patterns of diversity and distribution of MTB, we screened the entire Sequence Read Archive (SRA) from the National Center for Biotechnology Information for DNA sequencing reads matching known MTB taxa. The dataset summarizes the count of reads assigned to MTB from more than 26 million SRA accessions comprising approximately 80 petabases (7.98 × 1016) of DNA. More than 396 million DNA sequencing reads were assigned to 214 MTB taxa in 691,086 (2.65 %) SRA accessions. The final dataset can be utilized by researchers to narrow their efforts in examination of both environmental and ecological roles of specific MTB or to identify potential host organisms. These data will be instrumental to further elucidating the importance and utility of these enigmatic bacteria.

Application of modified seagull optimization algorithm with archives in urban water distribution networks: Dealing with the consequences of sudden pollution load.

This study focuses on the optimization of consequence management actions in the urban water distribution network. The EPANET simulation model is employed in combination with the multi-objective modified seagull optimization algorithm (MOMSOA) based on archives for a more efficient optimization process. Two objective functions are developed: minimizing reactive activities (cost reduction) and minimizing consumed pollution mass. The utilization of shut-off valves and hydrants for isolating the network and discharging pollution is explored. Without consequence management, 84.5 kg of pollution is consumed. With 18 reactive activities, pollution consumption was reduced to 59.8 kg. Also, to compare the proposed method with other algorithms, the interaction curve between reactive activities and the amount of pollutant mass consumed was obtained using other methods, including MOSOA, NSGA-II, MOPSO, and MOSMA. According to the obtained curve, the proposed method performed better in reducing the mass of consumed pollution. Extracting optimal activities using MOMSOA and a maximum of 18 activities takes about 80 min. The MOMSOA with archive technique significantly shortens this time for real-time consequence management. The proposed approach demonstrates that increasing the archive population decreases the extraction time of interaction curves between objectives by up to 60 %. A small archive capacity slightly increases the time required to extract optimal activities due to searching for similar solutions. However, utilizing the archive capacity enables real-time optimization and consequence management in the network.

The ailments that stem from cheese and relevant precautions taken in the Ottoman Empire from the 19th century to the 20th century.

The increase in cheese production, sale, and consumption due to the settled lives of societies has led to an increase in cheese-related diseases. It has become essential to better understand cheese-borne diseases and to develop control measures. In this study, cheese-related diseases and precautions taken in the Ottoman Empire from the 19th to the 20th centuries were investigated in Ottoman archival sources. Of these documents, cheese spoilage was detected in 12 and cheese-related disease in 9. Cheeses that caused diseases or disorders in the relevant period were called spoiled cheese. One document states that a person died of a cheese-borne illness. Cheese poisoning occurs mainly from unsalted, fresh cheeses. It has been determined that tin-free copper pots were used in cheese production and sales and covered with herbs such as hemlock during maturation. In the relevant period, microbiological and chemical analyses of cheeses in terms of health were carried out in food control laboratories. Since the mercury chloride solution is used to disinfect animal udders, it has been stated that it contaminates the milk used in cheese production. Authorities have requested a boric acid solution (5% boric acid in hot water) instead of this solution for udder disinfection. In the Ottoman Empire, it was requested to take necessary sanitation and hygiene measures to prevent spoilage and cheese-related diseases in the production areas or sales places of cheese. Clean and tinned containers should be used in cheese production, storage, and sale, and poisonous herbs should not be used during cheese ripening. It was also essential to analyze them in laboratories at internal and external customs. Knowing the precautions taken in the past to prevent the deterioration of food or the occurrence of diseases has led to modern food safety practices being applied today.

Tumor-Derived Sarcopenia Factors Are Diverse in Different Tumor Types: A Pan-Cancer Analysis.

Cancer-associated muscle wasting is a widespread syndrome in people with cancer and is characterized by weight loss and muscle atrophy, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. However, the tumor-derived factors that affect the development of muscle wasting and the mechanism by which they act remain unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we aimed to delineate differences in tumor molecular characteristics (especially secretion characteristics) between patients with and without sarcopenia across 10 tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We integrated radiological characteristics from CT scans of TCGA cancer patients, which allowed us to calculate skeletal muscle area (SMA) to confirm sarcopenia. We combined TCGA and GTEx (The Genotype-Tissue Expression) data to analyze upregulated secretory genes in 10 tumor types compared with normal tissues. Upregulated secretory genes in the tumor microenvironment and their relation to SMA were analyzed to identify potential muscle wasting biomarkers (560 samples). Meanwhile, their predictive values for patient survival was validated in 3530 samples in 10 tumor types. A total of 560 participants with transcriptomic data and SMA were included. Among those, 136 participants (24.28%) were defined as having sarcopenia based on SMA. Enrichment analysis for upregulated secretory genes in cancers revealed that pathways associated with muscle wasting were strongly enriched in tumor types with a higher prevalence of sarcopenia. A series of SMA-associated secretory protein-coding genes were identified in cancers, which showed distinct gene expression profiles according to tumor type, and could be used to predict prognosis in cancers (p value ≤ 0.002). Unfortunately, those genes were different and rarely overlapped across tumor types. Tumor secretome characteristics were closely related to sarcopenia. Highly expressed secretory mediators in the tumor microenvironment were associated with SMA and could affect the overall survival of cancer patients, which may provide a valuable starting point for the further understanding of the molecular basis of muscle wasting in cancers. More importantly, tumor-derived pro-sarcopenic factors differ across tumor types and genders, which implies that mechanisms of cancer-associated muscle wasting are complex and diverse across tumors, and may require individualized treatment approaches.

How storytelling through the use of avatars could help Fukushima evacuees express themselves: digital archive for people in the diaspora.

The Memorytalk online platform allows users to upload animated human stories. They may also choose to display related photos/characters and construct scenarios. Memorytalk may thus constitute a useful collaborative format for survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake, especially evacuees from the town of Namie, who are now relocated in different areas across Japan, particularly as they are hesitant to talk about where they are from. This study examined various narrated animations created by Namie high school students within the Memorytalk platform, specifically for the purpose of investigating their storytelling methods based on Erving Goffman's role-distance theory. Memorytalk not only allows avatars that provide users with anonymity when expressing a wide range of memories, it also creates (1) opportunities for face-to-face workshops in the context of computer-mediated communication and (2) the therapeutic benefits of being humorous. In sum, the platform may provide users with a form of role distancing in which people in the diaspora can more freely express themselves and also store valuable local memories.