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1.
Front Microbiol ; 10: 497, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30967845

ABSTRACT

Arenization occurs in regions that present sandy soils with normal rainfall levels. Predatory use of environmental sources, the dissolution of arenitic rocks and reworking of non-consolidated surface sands intensify this degradation scenario. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the impact of the arenization process in the Brazilian Pampa Biome and how this phenomenon affects the soil microbial and plant communities. For this purpose, three arenized areas in Southern Brazil (Pampa Biome) were selected and, in each one, three sampling points were studied: arenized (ARA), arenized to grassland transition (AGT), and grassland (GRA) areas. In the three sampling points, soils presented low levels of nutrients, organic matter, mud and pH acidic in all regions but, the presence of vegetation coverage in AGT and GRA areas preserved the topsoil structure. Our study related ARA with bacterial families Alcaligenaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and Xanthomonadaceae. AGT with bacterial families Bacillaceae and Burkholderiaceae, and plant species Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka and Paspalum stellatum Humb. and Bonpl. ex Flüggé, and GRA with bacterial families Koribacteraceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, and Chthoniobacteraceae, and plant species Croton subpannosus Müll.Arg. ex Griseb., Piptochaetium montevidense (Spreng.) Parodi and Elyonurus sp. The three studied areas (as well as sampling points) present soils extremely poor in nutrients with sandy texture, and the bacterial and plant composition well known to be resistant to environmental stresses were dominant. The vulnerability of these areas causes a degradation scenario, which is worsened by agricultural activities. However, in general, this phenomenon is a natural process that occurs mainly due to soil characteristics (poor soils) and climatic variations.

2.
Ciênc. rural ; 44(9): 1561-1567, 09/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-725378

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de estudar o desempenho do Pinus elliottii Engelm. e Pinus taeda L. em áreas arenizadas e degradadas por ação antrópica, na região da fronteira oeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Em povoamentos, foram selecionadas árvores médias, que foram abatidas e seccionadas pelo método de Smalian, a fim de obter discos de madeira para a análise dendrocronológica, para a obtenção do diâmetro por idade. O crescimento em diâmetro, quando comparado entre espécies, apresentou tendências diferentes de níveis de desenvolvimento no tempo. O uso de variáveis dummy no modelo de crescimento permitiu definir uma equação única para estimar o diâmetro em função da idade para ambas as espécies, considerando os níveis de degradação do solo médio e baixo, como variáveis necessárias para estimar o crescimento destas espécies nestes tipos de solos arenizados e degradados.


This research aims to study the performance of Pinus elliottii Engelm. and Pinus taeda L. in the arenizated and degraded areas by antropic action in the western of Rio Grande do Sul state. In stands were selected medium trees, which were harvested and sectioned by Smalian method to obtain wood discs for dendro chronological analysis to determine the diameter by age. The diameter growth compared between species showed different levels of development over time. The use of dummy variables in the growth model enables a single equation to estimate the diameter as a function of age for both species, considering the medium and low levels of soil degradation, as variables necessary to estimate the growth of these species in these types of arenizated degraded soils.

3.
Ciênc. rural ; 43(11): 1981-1986, nov. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-689950

ABSTRACT

A introdução de espécies florestais de rápido crescimento em áreas com solos arenizados e degradados pode ser uma alternativa tanto para a prevenção como para a minimização desse problema. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o crescimento em altura dominante do Pinus elliottii Engelm. e Pinus taeda L. em relação aos solos arenizados e degradados por ação antrópica, no oeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Para isso, foram selecionadas árvores dominantes em povoamentos com 29 anos de idade, em áreas com dois níveis de degradação, as quais foram abatidas e seccionadas pelo método de Smalian para a obtenção de discos de madeira para a análise dendrocronológica e determinação da altura dominante por idade, no período de 1982 a 2010. Os crescimentos em altura dominante dessas espécies, quando comparados entre si e por nível de degradação do solo, apresentaram tendências diferentes de desenvolvimento no tempo, indicando a presença de polimorfismo das curvas.


The introduction of fast-growing tree species in areas with arenized degraded soils can be an alternative to minimize this problem. This research was conducted to study the dominant height growth of Pinus elliottii Engelm. and Pinus taeda L. in relation of arenized soil and degraded by antropic action in the western state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. For this purpose, we selected dominant trees in stands with 29 years old, in areas with two levels of degradation, which were felled and sectioned by Smalian method to obtain wood sample for dendrochronological analysis and determination of dominant height for age in the period 1982-2010. The dominant height growth of these species, when compared by level of soil degradation, showed different trend of development in the time, indicating the presence of polymorphism curves.

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