ABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H. T. Chang (Umbelliferae) (NI) specializes in treatment of upper limb rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the exact mechanism is unclear. P2Xs are useful targets for inflammatory pain therapy. It led us to hypothesize that NI may preferentially act on particular P2Xs and these receptors may be unevenly distributed in the upper/lower limb. OBJECTIVE: To investigate P2Xs distribution in the upper/lower limb and NI's targets in upper limb RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The SD rats were randomized into 11 groups of 10 animals each. Eight experimental groups were established by the injection of 0.1 mL FCA into the plantar surface of rat paw. Three control groups suffered the same volume of saline. The articular cavities were then taken on the seventh day to detect P2Xs expression. NI (3 g/kg) and prednisone (10 mg/kg) were respectively given by oral gavage once daily for 14 d. The swelling degree and P2Xs were evaluated individually. RESULTS: In normal rats, the expressions of P2X3 and P2X6 in forelimb were markedly higher than that of in hind limb (P < 0.05). After induced by FCA, P2X1, P2X3, P2X4, P2X5 and P2X7 were increased significantly (P < 0.01). The biggest difference was P2X3. In NI treatment rats, swelling degree of the 7th/14th day in forelimb was 68.24%/38.89%, whereas that of in hind limb was 88.72%/79.92%. P2X3 mRNA and protein expression was significantly reduced as contrasted with the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: P2X3 receptor was predominantly expressed in the forelimb RA rat. NI relieved the FCA-induced RA by inhibiting upper limb's P2X3 receptor.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy , Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Receptors, Purinergic P2X/metabolism , Animals , Apiaceae/chemistry , Lower Extremity , Male , Phytotherapy , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Upper ExtremityABSTRACT
Objective] To investigate the relationship between pain from malnutrition and MM, looking for a cure for MM.[Methods]To analyze the relationship between pain from malnutrition and MM in clinical TCM based on the study of Neijing and the textual works of famous Chinese physicians. According to the etiology and pathogenesis to find the treatment method, and validation from clinical cases. [Result]We find that the pain from malnutrition caused by deficiency of kidney and spleen is a major cause of MM by summarizing of the ancient physicians. And we tally up the invigorating kidney is an important method for the treatment of MM.[Conclusion]Pain from malnutrition is an important pathogenesis of MM. To a method of treating MM, invigorating kidney and spleen is obvious and this method for the treatment of MM will bring more help.
ABSTRACT
"Golden Chamfer"(Jin Gui Yao Lue,Zhongjing Zhang.Han Dynasty),a Chinese medicine-based clinieal classic.believes that the rheumatological disorders are often caused by the interaction of internal and external factors.The internal factors are the lack of Qi and Yang in human body, and the external factors are exogenous wind,cold and dampness evil.According to this theory,the Chinese medicines with the functions of dispelling exogenous wind, cold and dampness can be used to treat rheumatological disorders.In "Golden Chamber",Astragalus root,Aconite,Ephedra,Cassia stem,White atractylodes rhizome and Semen coicis are recommended by the author in the treatment of rheumatological disorders.
ABSTRACT
The article summarizes the academic thought of Professor ZHANG Qi in treating rheumatism.In the cause and the pathogenesis of rheumatism,he thinks that disease invading and asthenia of health energy are the basic pathogenesis of rheumatism,besides the three evils:wind,cold and dampness,fever,the blood stasis,the phlegm stasis and blockade of collaterals have important meaning in rheumatism morbidity;In treating rheumatism,we must strengthen the body’s natural resistance and remove harmful factors,and use method of attacking(relieve wind,chill,dampness,fever and phlegm stasis),removing(smoothen blood and collateral circulation),reinfocing(regulating and nourishing yi-yang,qi,blood and zang-fu).In the prescription and medication,we must strengthen the body's natural resistance at the same time of removing harmful factors,systematic treating,make good use of the ancient Chinese medical classical recipe,treat the obstinate rheumatism,swelling and pain by the insect medicine.
ABSTRACT
Doctors in the past dynasties always used ephedra to treat disease of exogenous wind-cold,cough,asthma and edema,but ignored its application in treating arthromyodynia.It could be deduced from the record of the books of Chinese medicine and prescriptions that ephedra had the nature of pungent and warm,could dispel wind and remove wetness,warm channel and expel cold,remove obstruction in collaterals.All of those were correspondent with the pathogenesis of arthromyodynia.Thus,ephedra can be widely used in types of arthromyodynia.Proven case was also included in this article.
