ABSTRACT
Objective To perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on the volatile components in roots, rhizomes, leaves, and flowers of Asari Radix et Rhizoma derived from Asarum insigne. Methods The volatile components were analyzed by HS-GC-MS, and the relative percentage content of each component was calculated with peak area normalization method. Results There were 58 components separated from four parts of A. insigne, including 27 common components in different parts. The principal constituents was trans-β-farnesene, safrole, and asaricin. Their contents were different in four parts. Especially the contents of safrole in rhizomes, leaves, and flowers were up to 34%, 22%, and 21%; The safrole in rhizomes was over twice higher than that in roots (12%). Because safrole was extremely poisonous, the rhizomes, leaves, and flowers should be used carefully. Conclusion The volatile components in A. insigne can be detected by HS-GC-MS simply and quickly. The research can be helpful for development and quality evaluation of A. insigne.
ABSTRACT
The essential oils (EOs) derived from aromatic plants such as Piper species are considered to play a role in alleviating neuronal ailments that are associated with inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The chemical compositions of 23 EOs prepared from 16 Piper spp. were analyzed by both gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 76 compounds were identified in the EOs from the leaves and stems of 19 samples, while 30 compounds were detected in the EOs from the fruits of four samples. Sesquiterpenes and phenylpropanoids were found to be rich in these EOs, of which asaricin, caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, isospathulenol, (+)-spathulenol, and ß-bisabolene are the major constituents. The EOs from the leaves and stems of Piper austrosinense, P. puberulum, P. flaviflorum, P. betle, and P. hispidimervium showed strong AChE inhibitory activity with IC50 values in the range of 1.51 to 13.9 mg/mL. A thin-layer chromatography (TLC) bioautography assay was employed to identify active compound(s) in the most active EO from P. hispidimervium. The active compound was isolated and identified as asaricin, which gave an IC50 value of 0.44 ± 0.02 mg/mL against AChE, comparable to galantamine with an IC50 0.15 ± 0.01 mg/mL.
Subject(s)
Acetylcholinesterase/chemistry , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/chemistry , Fish Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Piper/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Animals , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Eels , Fish Proteins/chemistry , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plant Oils/chemistry , Plant Stems/chemistryABSTRACT
【Objective】To observe the effect of ?-asaricin spray on guinea pigs bronchial asthma.【Methods】Thirty FMMU guinea pigs were equally randomized into three groups:A(treated with ?-asaricin spray),B(treated with aminophylline)and C(model).Ater 7-day treatment,the guinea pigs received nebulization of histamine and acetylcholine to induce asthma models.And the effect of ?-asaricin on asthmatic attack latency and fall latency in guinea pigs was observed.The isolated trachea was used to observe the effect of ?-asaricin on tension of isolated bronchial smooth muscle.Other 30 guinea pigs were also randomized into three groups.The guinea pigs were sensitized with 40?g/L ovalbumin and Al(OH)3 firstly,treated with nebulization therapy for 7 days,and then induced asthma by nebulization of ovalbumin to observe the effect on the degranulation of mastocytes in bronchus and lung tissue.【Results】?-asaricin prolonged asthma latency and fall latency,inhibited the degranulation of mastocytes induced by ovalbumin and Al(OH)3,and promoted the relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle induced by histamine and acetylcholine,the difference being significant(P
