Clinician motivational interviewing skills in 'simulated' and 'real-life' consultations differ and show predictive validity for 'real life' client change talk under differing integrity thresholds.

Background: Accurate and reliable assessment of clinician integrity in the delivery of empirically supported treatments is critical to effective research and training interventions. Assessment of clinician integrity can be performed through recording simulated (SI) or real-life (RL) consultations, yet research examining the equivalence of these data is in its infancy. To explore the strength of integrity assessment between SI and RL samples in Motivational Interviewing (MI) consultations, this article examines whether Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity (MITI) assessments differ between SI and RL consultations and reviews the predictive validity of SI and RL MI skills categorisations for RL client response language. Methods: This study first compared MITI coding obtained in SI and RL consultations for 36 veterinary clinicians. Multilevel models of 10 MITI behaviour counts and four MITI global scores were run using MLwiN 3.02 to assess if a significant difference existed between SI and RL MITI data, with consultation within clinician within cohort (A and B) as nested random effects. Second, we investigated the effect of SI and RL MI skills groupings on rate of RL client response talk using three multivariable regression models. Two Poisson regression models, with random intercepts for farm and veterinarian and offset for number of minutes of the recordings, were estimated in the statistical software R using the package glmmTMB for the two response variables Change Talk and Sustain Talk. A logistic regression model, with the same random intercepts, with the response variable Proportion Change Talk was also estimated using the same package. Results: Veterinary clinicians were less MI consistent in RL consultations, evidenced through significantly lower global MITI Cultivating Change Talk (p < 0.001), Partnership (p < 0.001) and Empathy (p = 0.003) measures. Despite lower objective MI skills groupings in RL consultations, ranking order of veterinary clinicians by MI skills was similar between contexts. The predictive validity of SI and RL MI skills groupings for RL client Change Talk was therefore similar, with significantly more RL client Change Talk associated with veterinarians categorised in the highest grouping ('moderate') in both SI (p = 0.01) and RL (p = 0.02) compared to untrained veterinarians in each respective context. Conclusions: Findings suggest SI and RL data may not be interchangeable. Whilst both data offer useful insights for specific research and training purposes, differing contextual MI skills thresholds may offer a more equitable assessment of clinician RL client-facing MI integrity. Further research is needed to explore the applicability of these findings across health contexts.

Adolescent Dance Team Fitness: Initial Quantitative Normative Values.

BACKGROUND: Research on improving dancer fitness to enhance performance capacity and prevent injury continues to grow. Fitness research for the adolescent dance team population, however, presents an evidence void. PURPOSE: Utilizing studio-based assessments, this descriptive quantitative study reveals an initial set of fitness normative values for the female adolescent competitive dance team dancer population. METHODS: 115 female dance team dancers ages 12 to 17 participated in a 90-minute field test assessment battery for cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle endurance of the upper body, lower body, and core, and lower extremity power. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and interquartile range) created an initial set of quantitative fitness normative values for this population. RESULTS: Dancers' results revealed 29.5mL/O2×min ± 5.7 estimated VO2max, 35 ± 16 push ups, 62 ± 14 half sit ups, 51 ± 13 squats in 1 minute, 190 ± 23 cm broad jump, 445 ± 65 cm right lower extremity triple hop, and 450 ± 69 cm/left lower extremity triple hop. CONCLUSION: Discussion includes comparison of findings relative to previously established adolescent fitness and dancer normative data. Discussion also suggests implications, study limitations, and future research directions.

Medición de procesos psicológicos y sociales en aficionados al deporte: adaptación al español del Identification with a Psychological Group Scale y Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale / Medição de processos psicológicos e sociais em seguidores de esportes: adaptação para o espanhol da escala Identification with a Psychological Group e Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale / Measurement of psychological and social processes in sports fans: adaptation to Spanish of the Identification with a Psychological Group Scale and Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale

En los últimos años han aumentado los estudios científicos que evalúan procesos psicológicos y sociales en aficionados al deporte, destacando aquellos relacionados con las agresiones y el comportamiento antisocial. Dos de los constructos clave para entender la violencia entre aficionados deportivos son la identificación grupal y la desconexión moral. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue la adaptación de los instrumentos Identification with a Psychological Group Scale y del Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale al español, en una muestra de 400 aficionados a diversas modalidades deportivas. Para ambos cuestionarios se realizaron los siguientes análisis de datos: análisis factoriales confirmatorios, análisis de fiabilidad mediante el cálculo de a de Cronbach y la fiabilidad compuesta, así como análisis de invarianza de los modelos de medida en función de si los participantes eran aficionados al fútbol u a otra modalidad deportiva. Las respuestas a los ítems mostraron buenas propiedades psicométricas para dos modelos unifactoriales, de nueve ítems en el caso de la identificación grupal y siete ítems para desconexión moral. Ambas adaptaciones presentaron buenos indicadores de fiabilidad en ambas perspectivas, y de homogeneidad de los modelos de medida en función del moderador multigrupal. Las adaptaciones resultaron satisfactorias y permiten evaluar de forma breve dos constructos clave en la comprensión de los procesos psicológicos y sociales de violencia y comportamiento antisocial en el deporte. (AU)

In recent years, scientific studies evaluating psychological and social processes in sports fans have increased, highlighting those related to aggression andantisocial behaviour. Two of the key constructs to understand violence among sports fans are group identification and moral disengagement. The objective of this research is the adaptation of the Identification with a Psychological Group Scale and the Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale to Spanish, in a sample of 400 sports fans of various sports modalities. The following data analyses were performed for both questionnaires: confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis by calculating Cronbach's aand composite reliability, as well as invariance analysis of the measurement models depending on whether the participants were soccer fans or to another sports modality. The responses to the items showed good psychometric properties for two unifactorial models,with nine items in the case of group identification and seven items for moral disengagement. Both adaptations presented good reliability indicators in both perspectives, and of homogeneity of the measurement models based on the multigroup moderator. The adaptations were satisfactory and allow a brief evaluation of two key constructs in understanding the psychological and social processes of violence and antisocial behaviour in sport. (AU)

Nos últimos anos, aumentaram os estudos científicos que avaliam processos psicológicos e sociais em seguidores esportivos, destacando-se aqueles relacionados à agressividade e ao comportamento antissocial. Dois dos construtos-chave para entender a violência entre torcedores são a identificação com o grupo e o desengajamento moral. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi a adaptação para o espanhol dos instrumentos Identification with a Psychological Group Scale e Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale, em uma amostra de 400 seguidores de diversas modalidades esportivas. Para ambos os questionários foram realizadas as seguintes análises de dados: análise fatorial confirmatória, análise de confiabilidade por cálculo de Cronbach ae confiabilidade composta, bem como análise de invariância dos modelos de medição dependendo se os participantes eram seguidores de futebol ou de outra modalidade esportiva. As respostas aos itens apresentaram boas propriedades psicométricas para dois modelos unifatoriais, comnove itens no caso de identificação grupal e sete itens para desengajamento moral. Ambas as adaptações apresentaram bons indicadores de confiabilidade em ambas as perspectivas e de homogeneidade dos modelos de mensuração baseados no moderador multigrupo. As adaptações foram satisfatórias e permitem uma breve avaliação de dois construtos fundamentais na compreensão dos processos psicológicos e sociais da violência e do comportamento antissocial no esporte. (AU)

Herramientas de medición de la patología ungueal: revisión literaria / Measuring tools for nail pathology: literature review

El sistema ungueal conforma una compleja unidad anatómica fundamental en el ser humano, susceptible de sufrir numerosas alteraciones debido a procesos patológicos, tanto sistémicos como locales. El estudio de la patología ungueal es un tema de especial interés, sin embargo, en el ámbito clínico todavía resulta complicado analizar parámetros como área concreta de extensión, anatomía comprometida o porcentaje de afectación, dificultando poder realizar una valoración objetiva y establecer pautas efectivas de tratamiento, debiendo recurrir, en numerosas ocasiones, al examen histopatológico. En este sentido, los índices de medición se posicionan como una herramienta que permitiría valorar estos factores de forma numérica, reproducible y simple. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las herramientas de medición de las diferentes patologías ungueales descritas en la literatura. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura por pares en cuatro bases de datos atendiendo a criterios del Critical Appraisal Skills Programme España (CASPe). Los hallazgos describieron la existencia de 12 herramientas de medición de patología ungueal. Las conclusiones señalaron, finalmente, el Nail Psoriasis Severity Index o índice NAPSI como método más utilizado para valorar la severidad de la psoriasis ungueal, pese a los reportes obtenidos en sus modificaciones posteriores. En cuanto a la onicomicosis, el Scoring Clinical Index for Onychomycosis o índice SCIO resultó ser el método objetivo más útil en la práctica clínica. Para la paroniquia crónica, el Índice de paroniquia crónica se distinguió como una buena alternativa a las opciones de valoración previas (AU)

The nail system forms a complex anatomical unit fundamental in humans, susceptible to numerous alterations due to both systemic and local pathological processes. The study of nail pathology is a subject of special interest, however, in the clinical setting, it is still difficult to analyse parameters such as specific area of extension, anatomy involved or percentage of involvement, making it difficult to carry out an objective assessment and establish effective treatment guidelines, having to resort, on numerous occasions, to histopathological examination. In this sense, measurement indices are positioned as a measurement tool that would allow these factors to be assessed in a numerical, reproducible and simple way. The aim of this study was to identify measurement tools for the different nail pathologies described in the literature. A peer-review of the literature was conducted in four databases according to Critical Appraisal Skills Programme España (CASPe) criteria. The findings described the existence of 12 nail pathology measurement tools. Conclusions finally pointed out the Nail Psoriasis Severity Index or NAPSI index as the most widely used method to asses the severity of nail psoriasis, despite reports of subsequent modifications. For onychomycosis, the Scoring Clinical Index for Onychomycosis or SCIO index appeared to be the most useful objective method in clinical practice. For chronic paronychia, the Chronic Paronychia Index standed out as a good alternative to previous assessment options (AU)

New perspectives on the calculation of bioaccumulation metrics for active substances in living organisms.

Today, only few ready-to-use and convenient decision-making tools are available in ecotoxicology concerning accumulation and effects of chemical substances on organisms, accounting for exposure situations that are known to be complex (routes of exposure, metabolism, mixtures, etc.). This paper presents new perspectives on the generic calculation of bioaccumulation metrics via the innovative web tool MOSAICbioacc (http://mosaic.univ-lyon1.fr/bioacc). MOSAICbioacc provides all kinds of bioaccumulation metrics associated with their uncertainty whatever the species-compound combination. MOSAICbioacc expects accumulation-depuration data as inputs, even with complex exposure and clearance patterns, to quickly perform their relevant analysis. MOSAICbioacc intends to facilitate the daily work of regulators, or any ecotoxicologist, who will freely benefit from a user-friendly online interface that automatically fits toxicokinetic models without need for users to invest in the technical aspects to get bioaccumulation metrics estimates. MOSAICbioacc also provides all results in a fully transparent way to ensure reproducibility. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:10-18. © 2021 SETAC.

The Sustainability and Life Cycle Assessments of Industrial Biotechnology: An Introduction.

Industrial biotechnology (IB) uses biological and biochemical processes in industrial production and is often regarded as an emerging key technology revolutionizing the production of many products while protecting resources and the environment and fostering economic development. This contribution describes the background and sketches the content of the volume 'Sustainability and Life Cycle Assessment of Industrial Biotechnology' in the Springer series 'Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology'. The field of IB is introduced from different perspectives (milestones in IB history, economics of biotechnology industry, environmental and social as well as ethical issues and impacts, green chemistry) and in several applications fields (production of chemicals, geobiotechnology in mining).

New normative data from the Spanish-language version of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), form A. / Nuevos datos normativos de la versión española de la Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) forma A.

INTRODUCTION: The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) is frequently used in clinical practice to evaluate cognitive function. It is quick to administer (20-30minutes) and is not influenced by a learning effect. The RBANS includes 4 parallel versions and has a high discriminative ability. Our study provides normative data from the RBANS-E (Spanish-language version of RBANS form A) for a Spanish population aged 20 to 89 years. METHODS: The study included 609 subjects aged 20 to 89 years. Participants were evaluated at baseline with a short interview, a cognitive screening test (Mini-Mental State Examination), and a functional scale (Rapid Disability Rating Scale). The RBANS-E was then administered to all 609 participants. RESULTS: Our results show the influence of education on all subtest scores. Sex was observed to have no impact on any subtest. CONCLUSION: Our study provides highly useful normative data for the cognitive evaluation of young and adult populations.

A comparison of asbestos fiber potency and elongate mineral particle (EMP) potency for mesothelioma in humans.

Dr. Garabrant presented a paper concerning a comparison of asbestos fiber potency and elongate mineral particle (EMP) potency for mesothelioma in humans at the Elongate Mineral Particles Conference in Charlottesville, Virginia in 2017. I was a participant at the Conference. Following Dr. Garabrant's talk, I rose in question period to point out that he had not considered information about the occurrence of mesothelioma in several cohorts that was published after the studies that he cited. These additional data were still not addressed in the paper published in your Journal. I believe that your readers would be interested in these, so this letter is written to draw the additional data to their attention.

Leveraging electronic medical record data for population health management in the Veterans Health Administration: Successes and lessons learned.

PURPOSE: The process and operational elements to establish a population health program using electronic medical record data in a Veterans Health Administration region are described. SUMMARY: Pharmacists are uniquely qualified to assume important roles in population health through the use of their clinical knowledge, assisted by electronic tools that consolidate and report patient-specific data for clinical care. Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 21 has developed 300 dashboards and reports to improve the quality, safety, and value of healthcare to veterans. Within a group of specialty task forces, physicians, nurses, and pharmacists assist in the design and development of evidence-based tools to leverage timely electronic health information into metrics, benchmarks, and targets to assist with goal achievement. Examples of programs designed to improve care in 3 areas were selected for further description and review of outcomes. Population health improvement using Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set and hepatitis C metrics were used to describe populations that may have an indication for evidence-based care but are not receiving it. Deprescribing efforts are described, as are medication safety monitoring efforts to prevent potential adverse events known to be associated with therapy. CONCLUSION: Quality, safety, and value outcomes are the measures of success for population health programs in VISN 21. Data-rich project dashboards and reports are developed by pharmacist data analysts and implemented and used by teams of clinicians who provide continuous feedback and support to improve population health. The use of task forces, metrics, benchmarks, targets, and teams is instrumental in the successful application of these tools.

Rationale and design of PICNIC study: nutritional intervention program in hospitalized patients with heart failure who are malnourished.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Hospitalized patients with heart failure who are malnourished present a worse prognosis than those with an adequate nutritional status. It is unknown whether a nutritional intervention can modify the prognosis of these patients. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of a nutritional intervention on morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients with heart failure who are malnourished. METHODS: PICNIC is a multicentre, randomized, controlled trial in which hospitalized patients with heart failure and malnutrition, as defined by the Mini Nutritional Assessment, are randomly assigned to conventional management of heart failure or conventional management of heart failure and an individualized nutritional intervention consisting of 3 points: optimization of diet, specific recommendations, and prescription, if deemed necessary, of nutritional supplements. A sample size of 182 patients for a maximum follow-up of 12 months has been estimated. The primary endpoint is time to death from any cause or rehospitalization because of heart failure. Analysis is by intention to treat. CONCLUSIONS: PICNIC study will determine the prognostic impact of a nutritional intervention in hospitalized patients with heart failure who are malnourished.

Interesses profissionais: perspectivas teóricas e instrumentos de avaliação / Vocational interests: theoretical perspectives and assessment tools

Esse artigo tratou da revisão de modelos teóricos sobre o desenvolvimento dos interesses profissionais, mais especificamente a Teoria Sócio-Cognitiva para o Desenvolvimento de Carreira, a teoria de Holland sobre os tipos profissionais e a perspectiva psicodinâmica. Alguns aspectos dos modelos foram explicados e comparados na tentativa de explicitar as principais diferenças e semelhanças. Foram apresentados os testes psicológicos, baseados nesses três referenciais, que têm sido pesquisados no Brasil. Foi feita uma apresentação dos testes de interesse aprovados, reprovados e em avaliação pelo Conselho Federal de Psicologia (CFP), buscando destacar a situação dos testes disponíveis para uso profissional. Observou-se que apenas dois testes para avaliação dos interesses encontram-se aprovados pelo CFP, sendo eles o Teste de Fotos de Profissões - BBT-Br, nas formas masculina e feminina e a Escala de Aconselhamento Profissional. A relevância da realização de pesquisas que permitam disponibilizar mais instrumentos e que possuam boas qualidades psicométricas foi destacada.(AU)

This article reviewed theoretical models about vocational interest development, specifically the Socio-Cognitive Theory of Career Development, Holland's Theory of professional types and the psychodynamic perspective. Some aspects of these models were explained and compared in order to show their main similarities and differences. Psychological tests that have been researched in Brazil were presented, considering these three perspectives. Interest test's that were evaluated by the Federal Council of Psychology are exhibited, highlighting the ones that were approved, refused, and that are in the process of evaluation, trying to expose the tests that are available for professional use. Only two tests that claim to assess vocational interests were approved by the Council, more specifically the "Teste de Fotos de Profissões - BBT-Br", with the male and female forms, and the "Escala de Aconselhamento Profissional". The importance of conducting research to create more vocational interest instruments with good psychometric properties was stressed.(AU)