Effects of different plasma treatments on bonding properties of zirconia.

This in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) on shear bond strength (SBS) between yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) and self-adhesive resin cement. In this study, The Y-TZP specimens were divided into 4 groups according to the surface treatment methods as follows: Control (no surface treatment), Sb (Sandblasting), AP(argon NTP), and CP(20 % oxygen and 80 % argon combination NTP). Y-TZP specimens were randomly selected from each group to observe and test the following indexes: scanning electron microscope to observe the surface morphology; atomic force microscope to detect the surface roughness; contact angle detector to detect the surface contact angle; energy spectrometer to analyze the surface elements. Then, resin cement (Rely X-U200) was bonded to human isolated teeth with Y-TZP specimens to measure SBS. The results showed that for the SE test, the NTP group was significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). The results of the SBS test showed that the SBS values of the NTP group were significantly higher than those of the other groups, regardless of the plasma treatment (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between groups AP and CP in a test of SBS (p > 0.05). This study shows that non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma can improve the shear bond strength of Y-TZP by increasing the surface energy. The addition of oxygen ratio to argon is more favorable to increase the shear bond strength and is worth further investigation.

Pea protein-inulin conjugate prepared by atmospheric pressure plasma jet combined with glycosylation: structure and emulsifying properties.

Pea protein is one of plant proteins with high nutritional value, but its lower solubility and poor emulsifying properties limit its application in food industry. Based on wet-heating glycosylation of pea protein and inulin, effects of discharge power of atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) on structure, solubility, and emulsifying ability of pea protein-inulin glycosylation conjugate were explored. Results indicated that the APPJ discharge power did not affect the primary structure of pea protein. However, changes in secondary and spatial structure of pea protein were observed. When APPJ discharge power was 600 W, the solubility of glycosylation conjugate was 75.0% and the emulsifying stability index was 98.9 min, which increased by 14.85 and 21.95% than that of only glycosylation sample, respectively. These findings could provide technical support for APPJ treatment combination with glycosylation to enhance the physicochemical properties of plant-based proteins.

Chemical and physical changes induced by cold plasma treatment of foods: A critical review.

Cold plasma treatment is an innovative technology in the food processing and preservation sectors. It is primarily employed to deactivate microorganisms and enzymes without heat and chemical additives; hence, it is often termed a "clean and green" technology. However, food quality and safety challenges may arise during cold plasma processing due to potential chemical interactions between the plasma reactive species and food components. This review aims to consolidate and discuss data on the impact of cold plasma on the chemical constituents and physical and functional properties of major food products, including dairy, meat, nuts, fruits, vegetables, and grains. We emphasize how cold plasma induces chemical modification of key food components, such as water, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, polyphenols, and volatile organic compounds. Additionally, we discuss changes in color, pH, and organoleptic properties induced by cold plasma treatment and their correlation with chemical modification. Current studies demonstrate that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in cold plasma oxidize proteins, lipids, and bioactive compounds upon direct contact with the food matrix. Reductions in nutrients and bioactive compounds, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, sugars, polyphenols, and vitamins, have been observed in dairy products, vegetables, fruits, and beverages following cold plasma treatment. Furthermore, structural alterations and the generation of volatile and non-volatile oxidation products were observed, impacting the color, flavor, and texture of food products. However, the effects on dry foods, such as seeds and nuts, are comparatively less pronounced. Overall, this review highlights the drawbacks, challenges, and opportunities associated with cold plasma treatment in food processing.

Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma exposure as a practical method for improvement of Brassica juncea seed germination.

Here we report that non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma exposure can improve Brassica juncea (leaf mustard) seed germination rate from 50 % to 98 %. The commercially relevant germination rate was achieved by plasma exposure for only 10 minutes and the effect sustains at least for one month under an appropriate storage condition. Improved germination by plasma exposure was also observed for Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (Chinese cabbage) seeds. The plasma device used is simple. No pure gas flow system is necessary and it is easy to handle. A large number of seeds can be treated by simply scaling up the device. Plasma exposure can be a practical method for improving seed germination of crop plants important for agriculture.

Plasma Surface Treatment and Application of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polylactic Acid Electrospun Fibrous Hemostatic Membrane.

In this study, an improved PVA/PLA fibrous hemostatic membrane was prepared by electrospinning technology combined with air plasma modification. The plasma treatment was used to modify PLA to enhance the interlayer bonding between the PVA and PLA fibrous membranes first, then modify the PVA to improve the hemostatic capacity. The surfaces of the PLA and PVA were oxidized after air plasma treatment, the fibrous diameter was reduced, and roughness was increased. Plasma treatment enhanced the interfacial bond strength of PLA/PVA composite fibrous membrane, and PLA acted as a good mechanical support. Plasma-treated PVA/PLA composite membranes showed an increasing liquid-enrichment capacity of 350% and shortened the coagulation time to 258 s. The hemostatic model of the liver showed that the hemostatic ability of plasma-treated PVA/PLA composite membranes was enhanced by 79% compared to untreated PVA membranes, with a slight improvement over commercially available collagen. The results showed that the plasma-treated PVA/PLA fibers were able to achieve more effective hemostasis, which provides a new strategy for improving the hemostatic performance of hemostatic materials.

Green synthesis of graphene for targeted recovery of silver from photovoltaic waste.

Atmospheric pressure microwave plasma can synthesize freestanding graphene in a few seconds at ambient conditions. Recent research has explored this method for the synthesis of graphene yet constrained by the utilization of toxic or non-renewable resources. This study aimed to substitute environmentally benign and sustainable precursors, synthesizing graphene from expired tangerine peel oil, an abundant natural source globally. The Raman spectrum of synthesized material showed a characteristic graphene-related 2D peak at microwave powers varied between 200 and 1000 W. The images of transmission electron microscopy revealed interstitial spacing of 0.34, which matched the value of X-ray diffraction calculated through Bragg's law. However, marginal variations in lattice spacing owing to the presence of oxygen functional groups were also observed. Additionally, the as-synthesized graphene deposited on a screen-printed electrode was used to selectively recover silver from spent photovoltaics. Our approach of creating a graphene-silver composite directly from waste material offers environmental benefits, resource utilization, waste reduction, and versatile applications in electrochemistry.

Adhesion Properties and Stability of Polar Polymers Treated by Air Atmospheric Pressure Plasma.

This study continues the discussion on the surface modification of polymers using an atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) reactor in air. These results complement prior research focusing on nonpolar polymers. Polymers, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyetheretherketone, and polymethyl methacrylate, containing structurally bonded oxygen are studied, representing a range of properties such as oxygen content, crystalline/amorphous structure, polarity, functionality, and aliphatic/aromatic structure. APP induces superior wetting properties on the hydrophilic polymer surfaces with rapid and uniform modification within 0.5 s of exposure. The amorphous structures undergo additional modification for longer exposure. Moreover, the aliphatic chain structures require longer plasma exposure to reach surface modification equilibrium. The polar polymers reach a limit level of modification corresponding to a minimum water contact angle of about 50°. The surface polarity increases on average by a factor of approximately two. The equilibrium values of the adhesion work attained after post-processing recovery fall within a limited range of about 100-120 mJ/m2. The enhancement of surface functionality through the creation of oxidized groups primarily depends on the initial oxygen content and reaches a limit of about 40 at.% oxygen. The surface properties of the treated polar surfaces exhibit good stability, comparable to that of the previously tested nonpolar polymers.

Desorption of Positive and Negative Ions from Areoles of Opuntia microdasys Cactus at Atmospheric Pressure: Cactus-MS.

The areoles and spines of cacti can be used to desorb ions of ionic liquids (ILs) by the mere action of an electric field into the atmospheric pressure (AP) interface of a mass spectrometer. The small cactus species Opuntia microdasys bears numerous very fine hairs on its areoles and tiny sharp spines that appeared suited to serve as needle electrodes sharp enough for field desorption of ions to occur. In fact, positive and negative ions of four ILs could be desorbed by a process analogous to AP field desorption (APFD). In contrast to APFD where activated field emitters are employed, the ILs were deposited onto one or two adjacent areoles by applying 1-3 µL of a dilute solution in methanol. After evaporation of the solvent, the cactus was positioned next to the spray shield electrode of a trapped ion mobility-quadrupole-time-of-flight instrument. Desorption of IL cations and IL anions, respectively, did occur as soon as the electrode was set to potentials in the order of ±4.5 kV, while the cactus at ground potential was manually positioned in front of the entrance electrode to bring the areole covered with a film of the sample into the right position. Neither did mixing of ILs occur between neighboring areoles nor did the cactus suffer any damage upon its use as a botanical field emitter.

Cold Physical Plasma Reduces Motility of Various Bone Sarcoma Cells While Remodeling the Cytoskeleton.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Cold physical plasma (CPP) has emerged as an effective therapy in oncology by inducing cytotoxic effects in various cancer cells, including chondrosarcoma (CS), Ewing's sarcoma (ES), and osteosarcoma (OS). The current study investigated the impact of CPP on cell motility in CS (CAL-78), ES (A673), and OS (U2-OS) cell lines, focusing on the actin cytoskeleton. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The CASY Cell Counter and Analyzer was used to study cell proliferation and determine the optimal concentrations of fetal calf serum to maintain viability without stimulation of cell proliferation. CellTiter-BlueCell viability assay was used to determine the effects of CPP on the viability of bone sarcoma cells. The Radius assay was used to determine cell migration. Staining for Deoxyribonuclease I, G-actin, and F-actin was used to assay for the effects on the cytoskeleton. RESULTS: Reductions in cell viability and motility were observed across all cell lines following CPP treatment. CPP induced changes in the actin cytoskeleton, leading to decreased cell motility. CONCLUSION: CPP effectively reduces the motility of bone sarcoma cells by altering the actin cytoskeleton. These findings underscore CPP's potential as a therapeutic tool for bone sarcomas and highlight the need for further research in this area.

Reactive Species Risk Assessment Using Optimized HET-CAM Safety Evaluation of Feed Gas-Modified Gas Plasma Technology and Anticancer Drugs.

Clinical therapies, including dermatology and oncology, require safe application. In vitro experiments allow only limited conclusions about in vivo effects, while animal studies in, e.g., rodents have ethical constraints at a large scale. Chicken embryos lack pain reception until day 15 postfertilization, making the in ovo model a suitable alternative to in vivo safety assessment. In addition, the hen's egg test on chorioallantoic membrane assay allows irritation potential analysis for topical treatments, but standardized analysis has been limited so far. Medical gas plasma is a topical, routine, approved dermatology treatment. Recent work suggests the potential of this technology in oncology. Its main mode of action is the release of various reactive species simultaneously. Intriguingly, varying plasma feed gas compositions generates customized reactive species profiles previously shown to be optimized for specific applications, such as skin cancer treatment. To support clinical implications, we developed a novel chicken embryo CAM scoring and study scheme and employed the model to analyze 16 different plasma feed gas settings generated by the atmospheric pressure plasmajet kINPen, along with common anticancer drugs (e.g., cisplatin) and physiological mediators (e.g., VEGF). Extensive gas- and liquid-phase plasma reactive species profiling was done and was found to have a surprisingly low correlation with irritation potential parameters. Despite markedly different reactive species patterns, feed gas-modulated kINPen plasma was equally tolerated compared to standard argon plasma. CAM irritation with gas plasmas but not anticancer agents was reversed 48 h after treatment, underlining the only temporary tissue effects of medical gas plasma. Our results indicate a safe therapeutic application of reactive species.

Effect of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on the structure and physicochemical properties of wheat starch.

The effect of atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) with different discharge power (0, 400, 600, and 800 W) on the structure and physicochemical properties of wheat starch were evaluated in this study. After APPJ treatments, significant declines in peak viscosity, breakdown viscosity, and final viscosity of wheat starch pasting parameters were observed with increase of plasma treatment power. Being treated with discharge power of 800 W, the PV and BD value of wheat starch paste significantly dropped to 2,578 and 331 cP, respectively. Apparently, APPJ could raise the solubility of wheat starch, while reduce the swelling capacity, and also lower the G' and G″ value of wheat starch gel. Roughness and apparent scratch was observed on the surface of the treated wheat starch granules. Although APPJ treatment did not alter wheat starch's crystallization type, it abated the relative crystallinity. APPJ treatment might be useful in producing modified wheat starch with lower viscosity and higher solubility.

Atmospheric Pressure Enhanced Self-Sealing Rotation-SlipChip with Programmable Concentration Gradient Generation for Microbiological Applications.

In microbiological research, traditional methods for bacterial screening and antibiotic susceptibility testing are resource-intensive. Microfluidics offers an efficient alternative with rapid results and minimal sample consumption, but the demand for cost-effective, user-friendly platforms persists in communities and hospitals. Inspired by the Magdeburg hemispheres, the strategy adapts to local conditions, leveraging omnipresent atmospheric pressure for self-sealing of Rotation-SlipChip (RSC) equipped with a 3D circular Christmas tree-like microfluidic concentration gradient generator. This innovative approach provides an accessible and adaptable platform for microbiological research and testing in diverse settings. The RSC can avoid leakage concerns during multiple concentration gradient generation, chip-rotating, and final long-term incubation reaction (≥24 h). Furtherly, RSC subtypes adapted to different reactions can be fabricated in less than 15 min with cost less than $1, the result can be read through designated observational windows by naked-eye. Moreover, the RSC demonstrates its capability for evaluating bacterial biomarker activity, enabling the rapid assessment of ß-galactosidase concentration and enzyme activity within 30 min, and the limit of detection can be reduced by 10-fold. It also rapidly determines the minimum antibiotic inhibitory concentration and antibiotic combined medications results within 4 h. Overall, these low-cost and user-friendly RSC make them invaluable tools in determinations at previously impractical environment.

Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Activated Medium Modulates Cellular Functions of Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells In Vitro.

Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) offers a variety of therapeutic possibilities and induces the formation of reactive chemical species associated with oxidative stress. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) play a central role in tissue regeneration, partly because of their antioxidant properties and ability to migrate into regenerating areas. During the therapeutic application, MSCs are directly exposed to the reactive species of CAP. Therefore, the investigation of CAP-induced effects on MSCs is essential. In this study, we quantified the amount of ROS due to the CAP activation of the culture medium. In addition, cell number, metabolic activity, stress signals, and migration were analyzed after the treatment of MSCs with a CAP-activated medium. CAP-activated media induced a significant increase in ROS but did not cause cytotoxic effects on MSCs when the treatment was singular and short-term (one day). This single treatment led to increased cell migration, an essential process in wound healing. In parallel, there was an increase in various cell stress proteins, indicating an adaptation to oxidative stress. Repeated treatments with the CAP-activated medium impaired the viability of the MSCs. The results shown here provide information on the influence of treatment frequency and intensity, which could be necessary for the therapeutic application of CAP.

Direct sub-atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry: Evaporation/sublimation-driven ionization is amazing, fundamentally, and practically.

This paper covers direct sub-atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (MS). The discovery, applications, and mechanistic aspects of novel ionization processes for use in MS that are not based on the high-energy input from voltage, laser, and/or high temperature but on sublimation/evaporation within a region linking a higher to lower pressure and modulated by heat and collisions, are discussed, including how this new reality has guided a series of discoveries, instrument developments, and commercialization. A research focus, inter alia, is on how best to understand, improve, and use these novel ionization processes, which convert volatile and nonvolatile compounds from solids (sublimation) or liquids (evaporation) into gas-phase ions for analysis by MS providing reproducible, accurate, sensitive, and prompt results. Our perception on how these unprecedented versus traditional ionization processes/methods relate to each other, how they can be made to coexist on the same mass spectrometer, and an outlook on new and expanded applications (e.g., clinical, portable, fast, safe, and autonomous) is presented, and is based on ST's Opening lecture presentation at the Nordic Mass spectrometry Conference, Geilo, Norway, January 2023. Focus will be on matrix-assisted ionization (MAI) and solvent-assisted ionization (SAI) MS covering the period from 2010 to 2023; a potential paradigm shift in the making.

Fabrication of the SiC/HfC Composite Aerogel with Ultra-Low Thermal Conductivity and Excellent Compressive Strength.

Aerogels, as a new type of high-temperature-resistant insulation material, find extensive application in aerospace, high-temperature industrial furnaces, new energy batteries, and various other domains, yet still face some limitations such as inadequate temperature resistance and pronounced brittleness. In this work, SiC/HfC composite aerogels were prepared through a combination of sol-gel method, atmospheric pressure drying technique, and carbothermal reduction reaction. The effects of different molar ratios, calcination time, and temperatures on the microstructural features and physicochemical properties of the resulting SiC/HfC composite aerogels were investigated. The aerogel exhibited an elevated BET-specific surface area of 279.75 m2/g, while the sample displayed an extraordinarily low thermal conductivity of 0.052 W/(m·K). Most notably, the compressive strength reached an outstanding 5.93 MPa after a carbonization temperature of 1500 °C, far exceeding the values reported in prior aerogel studies. This research provided an innovative approach for advancing the development of carbide aerogels in the realm of high-temperature applications.

Smart integration of cold plasma stream and surface discharge with ns laser ablation for composite nanomaterial.

In this paper, smart integration of cold dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma in various geometrical arrangements with laser ablation at atmospheric pressure for nanomaterial was described. A composite Co:ZnO target was ablated in an airflow by a nanosecond (ns) laser (wavelength: 1064 nm, pulse duration: 30 ns) using fluence of 5 J-cm-2 at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. The nanomaterial produced under vertical and oblique plasma streams, surface discharge and gas flow, were compared. Utilization surface discharge markedly improved the material adhesion by altering surface intrinsic behavior, inducing anticipated surface energy activation, chemical changes, and the formation of a densely packed solid structure. Under all conditions, the material consistently retained its crystalline nature, elemental composition, and ultraviolet emission characteristics. These preliminary findings hold promise for additional research, suggesting avenues for making complex materials in a flexible environment. Such new advancements could facilitate applications in the biomedical, catalysis, pharmaceutical, and surgical device domains.

Investigation of the effectiveness of atmospheric pressure cold plasma on sciatic nerve injury in rats.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet and plasma activated medium (PAM) on sciatic nerve injury (SNI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 10); group 1 (Sham), group 2 (SNI), group 3 (SNI + Atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet 5 min), group 4 (SNI + Atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet 10 min), group 5 (SNI + PAM 5 min), group 6 (SNI + PAM 10 min). On the 1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd days of the study, atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet was applied to rats in groups 3 and 4, and PAM was applied to rats in groups 5 and 6. Hot plate test was applied to all rats on the same days. On day 28, the experiment was terminated and sciatic nerve tissues were removed for histopathologic evaluations. RESULTS: According to the 4-week average of the hot plate tests, a significant relationship was found between group 2 and group 4 and group 6 (p < 0.05). When evaluated within each week, significant differences were found between group 2 and group 4 in week 1, between group 2 and group 5 and group 6 in week 2, between group 2 and group 4 in week 3, and between group 2 and group 4 and group 6 in week 4 (p < 0.05). As a result of histopathologic analysis, except for the control group, the other groups had similar characteristics in terms of axonal degeneration, periaxonal swelling and axon density. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of our study, we found that plasma application showed an improvement in the duration of the hot plate test, but did not show any improvement histopathologically.

Comprehensive studies on the biological activities of human metastatic (MDA-MB-231) and non-metastatic (MCF-7) breast cancer cell lines, directly or combinedly treated using non-thermal plasma-based approaches.

Progressive incidence and a pessimistic survival rate of breast cancer in women worldwide remains one of the most concerning topics. Progressing research indicates a potentially high effectiveness of use cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) systems. The undoubted advantage seems its simplicity in combination with other anti-cancer modalities. Following observed trend of studies, one inventory CAP system was applied to directly treat human breast cancer cell lines and culturing in two different Plasma Activated Media (PAM) for combined utilization. Proposed CAP treatments on MCF-10 A, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were studied in terms of impact on cell viability by MTT assay. Disturbances in cell motility following direct and combined CAP application were assessed by scratch test. Finally, the induction of apoptosis and necrosis was verified with annexin V and propidium iodide staining. Reactive species generated during CAP treatment were determined based on optical emission spectrometry analysis along with colorimetric methods to qualitatively assess the NO2-, NO3-, H2O2, and total ROS with free radicals concentration. The most effective approach for CAP utilization was combined treatment, leading to significant disruption in cell viability, motility and mostly apoptosis induction in breast cancer cell lines. Determined CAP dose allows for mild outcome, showing insignificant harm for the non-cancerous MCF-10 A cell line, while the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cell line shows the highest sensitivity on proposed CAP treatment. Direct CAP treatment seems to drive the cells into the sensitive state in which the effectiveness of PAM is boosted. Observed anti-cancer response of CAP treatment was mostly triggered by RNS (mostly NO2- ions) and ROS along with free radicals (such as H2O2, OH•, O2-•, 1O2, HO2•). The combined application of one CAP source represent a promising alternative in the development of new and effective modalities for breast cancer treatment.

Atmospheric pressure field desorption-trapped ion mobility-mass spectrometry coupling.

While field ionization (FI) and field desorption (FD) are established soft vacuum ionization methods in mass spectrometry (MS), the technique of atmospheric pressure field desorption (APFD) has only recently been added to the repertoire. Similar to FI and FD, APFD can yield both positive even-electron ions of highly polar or ionic compounds and positive molecular ions, M+•, e.g., of polycyclic aromatic compounds. Thus, a dedicated APFD source assembly has been constructed and demonstrated to allow for robust APFD operation. This device also enabled observation of the emitter during operation and allowed for resistive emitter heating, thereby speeding up the desorption of the analytes and expanding the range of analytes accessible to APFD. While initial work was done using a Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer, the new APFD source offered the flexibility to also be used on a trapped ion mobility-quadrupole-time-of-flight (TIMS-Q-TOF) instrument, and thus, it would be possible to be mounted to any Bruker mass spectrometer featuring an atmospheric pressure (AP) interface. Operating an APFD source at a TIMS-Q-TOF instrument called for the exploration of the combined use of APFD and TIMS. Here, operation, basic properties, and capabilities of this new atmospheric pressure field desorption-trapped ion mobility-mass spectrometry (APFD-TIMS-MS) coupling are described. APFD-TIMS-MS is employed for the separation of individual components of oligomers and for the accurate determination of their collision cross section (CCS). This work describes the application of APFD-TIMS-MS on poly(ethylene glycol) forming [M + Na]+ ions by cationization and on an amine-terminated poly(propylene glycol) yielding [M + H]+ ions. Some compounds forming molecular ions, M+•, by field ionization such as [60]fullerene and a mixture of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are examined. In APFD-TIMS-MS, the limits of detection (LODs) of fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene M+• ions are determined as ≈100 pg and <1 pg, respectively. Finally, [60]fullerene is analyzed by negative-ion APFD-TIMS-MS where it yields a molecular anion, M-•.

Nonthermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment of Endosteal Implants for Osseointegration and Antimicrobial Efficacy: A Comprehensive Review.

The energy state of endosteal implants is dependent on the material, manufacturing technique, cleaning procedure, sterilization method, and surgical manipulation. An implant surface carrying a positive charge renders hydrophilic properties, thereby facilitating the absorption of vital plasma proteins crucial for osteogenic interactions. Techniques to control the surface charge involve processes like oxidation, chemical and topographical adjustments as well as the application of nonthermal plasma (NTP) treatment. NTP at atmospheric pressure and at room temperature can induce chemical and/or physical reactions that enhance wettability through surface energy changes. NTP has thus been used to modify the oxide layer of endosteal implants that interface with adjacent tissue cells and proteins. Results have indicated that if applied prior to implantation, NTP strengthens the interaction with surrounding hard tissue structures during the critical phases of early healing, thereby promoting rapid bone formation. Also, during this time period, NTP has been found to result in enhanced biomechanical fixation. As such, the application of NTP may serve as a practical and reliable method to improve healing outcomes. This review aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the parameters to be considered in the application of NTP on endosteal implants. In addition, the short- and long-term effects of NTP on osseointegration are addressed, as well as recent advances in the utilization of NTP in the treatment of periodontal disease.