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1.
West Afr J Med ; 41(3): 251-257, 2024 Mar 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38787645

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Children with ostium secundum atrial septal defect (OS ASD) usually present with varying degrees of ventricular dysfunction. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the left ventricular systolic function of children with OS ASD compared with control. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 113 children with OS ASD and 113 age- and sex- matched controls. Their age ranged from 1 month to 16 years. There were 49 males and 64 females in each group. Left ventricular systolic function of children with isolated OS ASD were compared with that of controls using echocardiography. Subjects and controls who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were consecutively recruited in the study. The data elicited from the study were analyzed with the IBM SPSS version 20 (IBM Corp, Chicago). RESULTS: The mean left ventricular mass (LV mass) of the control, 93.9±113.6 gm was significantly higher than that of subjects with OS ASD, 39.4±74.3 gm, (Mann Whitney U= 4.266, p< 0.001). Similarly, the mean left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVIDd) of the control,25.8±11.7 mm was significantly higher than that of participants with OS ASD, 19.9±7.1 mm (Mann Whitney U=4.522, p<0.001). The mean interventricular septal diameter in systole (IVSs) of the control, 7.2±3.5 mm was higher than that of participants with OS ASD, 5.0±1.9 mm and the mean difference was found to be statistically significant, (Student t=5.738, p<0.001). The mean left ventricular internal diameter in systole (LVIDs) of the control, 16.2±7.6 mm was significantly higher than that of participants with OS ASD, 12.9±5.8 mm, (Student t= 3.660, p< 0.001). There was no significant correlation between the size of interatrial septal defect of children with OS ASD and left ventricular systolic function and age :(Corr. Coef. 0.065, p= 0.492) ; EF( Corr. Coef. 0.121,p=0.202), FS (Corr. Coef. 0.139, p=0.143). CONCLUSION: Children with OS ASD had lower left ventricular mass compared with those with control. Females seem to have higher function than males.


CONTEXTE: Les enfants atteints de communication interauriculaire type ostium secundum (CIASOS) présentent généralement des degrés variables de dysfonction ventriculaire. OBJECTIFS: Cette étude visait à évaluer la fonction systolique ventriculaire gauche des enfants atteints de CIASOS par rapport à des témoins. MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale portant sur 113 enfants atteints de CIASOS et 113 témoins appariés selon l'âge et le sexe. Leur âge variait de 1 mois à 16 ans. Il y avait 49 garçons et 64 filles dans chaque groupe. La fonction systolique ventriculaire gauche des enfants présentant un CIASOS isolé a été comparée à celle des témoins à l'aide de l'échocardiographie. Les sujets et les témoins qui remplissaient les critères d'inclusion ont été recrutés consécutivement dans l'étude. Les données recueillies ont été analysées avec la version 20 d'IBM SPSS (IBM Corp, Chicago). RÉSULTATS: La masse moyenne du ventricule gauche (VG) du groupe témoin, 93,9±113,6 g, était significativement plus élevée que celle des sujets atteints d'OS ASD, 39,4±74,3 g (Mann-Whitney U = 4,266, p < 0,001). De même, le diamètre interne moyen du ventricule gauche en diastole (LVIDd) du groupe témoin, 25,8±11,7 mm, était significativement plus élevé que celui des participants atteints d'OS ASD, 19,9±7,1 mm (Mann-Whitney U = 4,522, p < 0,001). Le diamètre moyen du septum interventriculaire en systole (IVSs) du groupe témoin, 7,2±3,5 mm, était plus élevé que celui des participants atteints d'OS ASD, 5,0±1,9 mm, et la différence moyenne était statistiquement significative (Student t = 5,738, p < 0,001). Le diamètre interne moyen du ventricule gauche en systole (LVIDs) du groupe témoin, 16,2±7,6 mm, était significativement plus élevé que celui des participants atteints d'OS ASD, 12,9±5,8 mm (Student t = 3,660, p < 0,001). Il n'y avait pas de corrélation significative entre la taille du défaut septal interauriculaire chez les enfants atteints d'OS ASD et la fonction systolique du ventricule gauche et l'âge : (Coef. Corr. 0,065, p = 0,492) ; FE (Coef. Corr. 0,121, p = 0,202), FS (Coef. Corr. 0,139, p = 0,143). CONCLUSION: Les enfants atteints de CIASOS avaient une masse ventriculaire gauche plus faible que ceux du groupe témoin. Les filles semblent avoir une fonction plus élevée que les garçons. MOTS-CLÉS: Fonction ventriculaire gauche; Communication interauriculaire type ostium secundum (CIASOS); Malformation septale interauriculaire; Enfants; Échocardiographie.


Subject(s)
Echocardiography , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial , Ventricular Function, Left , Humans , Female , Male , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/physiopathology , Child , Nigeria , Cross-Sectional Studies , Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Infant , Echocardiography/methods , Ventricular Function, Left/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Systole , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging
2.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 10(2): 24-27, 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1291225

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El quilopericardio post cirugía cardíaca en el adulto es extremadamente infrecuente. Su aspecto lechoso característico y análisis bioquímico permiten el diagnóstico. El objetivo es presentar una complicación excepcional de la cirugía cardíaca, su fisiopatología y tratamiento médico. Presentación del caso: Mujer de 61 años, con historia de disnea progresiva, ortopnea y disnea paroxística nocturna de 12 años de evolución. Se pesquisó en ecocardiograma comunicación interauricular (CIA) tipo ostium secundum con shunt izquierda-derecha, disfunción ventricular, dilatación de cavidades derechas, insuficiencia tricuspídea masiva e hipertensión pulmonar grave. Se discutió caso y se decidió resolución quirúrgica. Se abordó por esternotomía media, y en circulación extracorpórea, se realizó, cierre de CIA con parche de poliéster y plastía tricuspídea. Al tercer día postoperatorio presentó aumento de débito pericárdico con líquido de aspecto lechoso. Análisis bioquímico permitió realizar el diagnóstico de quilopericardio. Se indicó tratamiento conservador con nutrición parenteral total y posterior uso de octreotide a lo largo de aproximadamente un mes. La paciente respondió a la terapia y fue dada de alta, no requiriendo de reintervención. Ecocardiograma de control mostró ausencia de derrame pericárdico. Al mes de seguimiento la paciente se encontró asintomática en capacidad funcional I. Discusión: La cirugía cardíaca es la causa del 9% de los casos de quilopericardio en adultos. Se han descrito diversas etiologías que van desde la lesión directa del conducto torácico hasta la asociación con la hipertensión pulmonar. En el caso presentado, el tratamiento con medidas nutricionales y octreotide fue efectivo evitando una nueva exploración quirúrgica.


Introduction: Adult post cardiac surgery chylopericardium is extremely rare. Its characteris- tic milky look and biochemical analysis allow diagnosis. The objective is to present a rare complication of cardiac surgery, its pathophysiology and treatment. Case report: A 61 years old woman, with a history of progressive dyspnea, orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea of 12 years of evolution. Echocardiography found an ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) with left-right shunt, ventricular dysfunction, dilated right chambers, massive tricuspid regurgitation and severe pulmonary hypertension. The case was discussed and surgical resolution was decided. A median sternotomy, ASD closure polyester patch and tricuspid plasty was performed. On the third postoperative day presented increased pericardial debit with milky liquid. Biochemical analysis allowed the diagnosis of chylopericardium. Conservative treatment was decided with total parenteral nutrition and subsequent use of octreotide over about one month. The patient responded well to treatment and was discharged, not requiring reoperation. Control echocardiogram showed no pericardial effusion. One-month follow-up the patient was asymptomatic and in functional capacity I. Discussion: Cardiac surgery is the cause of 9% of cases chylopericardium in adults. Various etiologies are described ranging from direct injury to the thoracic duct to the association with pulmonary hypertension. In the case presented, nutritional therapy and octreotide were effective, avoiding a new surgical exploration.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Pericardial Effusion/etiology , Pericardial Effusion/therapy , Pericardial Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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