Effects of heavy metal pollution and soil physicochemical properties on the Sphagnum farmland soil microbial community structure in Southern Guizhou, China.

Farmland soil pollution is a serious problem worldwide threatening environment and human health. Microbial communities plays a key role in soil function. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between microbial structure and soil physicochemical properties under different heavy metal pollution levels, find out heavy metal tolerant species under different environmental conditions, then provide useful reference for the bioremediation of contaminated farmland. In this study, 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used, multiple comparisons and correlation analyses of the data were performed using R software. The results showed that study area A was contaminated by heavy metal Cd, and study area A, B and C were contaminated by heavy metal Hg. From the analysis of the community structure of the samples, it can be seen that the dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, and 10 others. Correlation and RDA analysis of samples showed that the heavy metals Hg and As in peat were related to dominant bacteria phyla, and the physicochemical properties of soil potential of hydrogen (pH), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and soil organic matter (SOM) were significantly positively correlated with the bacteria (Acidobacterta and Chloroflexi). Moreover, Chloroflexi was more tolerant to the heavy metals Hg and As. There was a significant correlation between bacterial community abundance and diversity in the four study areas. Soil heavy metal concentration and soil physicochemical properties affected the main phyla, bacterial community abundance and bacterial diversity of peat soil. These results indicate that some microorganisms have strong tolerance to heavy metal pollution and certain heavy metal digestion ability, which can create a good environment for farmland soil remediation.

This manuscript is the first study on a new crop­Sphagnum in China. It mainly discusses the reaction of soil bacteria and microorganisms of Sphagnum in farmland to heavy metals and soil physical-chemical properties.

Microorganismos causales más comunes y factores de riesgo según la clasificación de las infecciones neonatales / Most common causal microorganisms and risk factors based on the classification of neonatal infections

Una manera para lograr más efectividad en la decisión terapéutica en recién nacidos que cursan con infecciones, es tener conocimiento del microorganismo causal más común, según el tipo de infección por la cual cursa el paciente. Por ello el médico debe estar familiarizado con el mapa microbiológico de la institución donde trabaja y estar actualizado en el espectro de microorganismos habituales que informa la literatura, así como aquellos emergentes y reemergentes. Se revisa el estado actual de reportes de frecuencia de los microorganismos causales en recién nacidos con infecciones, tomados de la literatura médica nacional e internacional con el propósito de orientar al médico de asistencia del posible microorganismo causal más probable en base a la clínica del paciente y además, a tomar la clasificación de las infecciones como herramienta que aporta una guía de los agentes que afectan con más frecuencia al paciente recién nacido, y los factores de riesgo asociados. Se concluye que es factible y beneficioso este enfoque que le permite al médico asistencial ser más efectivo en la decisión del tratamiento a seguir. Es su deber estar familiarizado con el mapa microbiológico de la institución donde trabaja y estar actualizado en el espectro de microorganismos habituales que informa la literatura, así como aquellos emergentes y reemergentes(AU)

One way to achieve more effectiveness in therapeutic decisions related to newborns with infections is to be aware of the most common causal microorganism, depending on the type of infection the patient is suffering. Therefore, the physician should be familiar with the microbiological map of the institution where he/she works and be updated in the spectrum of common microorganisms reported by the literature, as well as those emerging and re-emerging. The current status of frequency reports of causal microorganisms in newborns with infections, taken from national and international literature, is reviewed to guide the assistance physician on the most likely possible causal microorganism based on the patient's clinic and also to use the classification of infections as a tool that provides guidance on the agents that most often affect the newborn patients, and associated risk factors. It is concluded that this approach that allows the assistance physician to be more effective in the decision of treatment to follow is feasible and beneficial. It is the physician's duty to be familiar with the microbiological map of the institution where he/she works and be updated on the spectrum of common microorganisms reported by the literature, as well as those emerging and re-emerging(AU)