The prevalence of depressive disorders in school students aged 6-16 years in Beijing / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of depressive disorders among school students aged 6-16 years in Beijing, the effect of age and gender on the prevalence, and the behavioral and emotional profiles of identified students with depressive disorders.Methods:The prevalence of depressive disorders in primary and secondary school students aged 6-16 years in Beijing from January 2012 to December 2014 was examined by a multistage stratified random sampling method.In the first stage, the Achenbach′s Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to identify high-risk children and adolescents.In the second stage, the high-risk group was further screened by Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID), and then two psychiatrists made the final diagnosis according to the diagnostic criteria of the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-Ⅳ). This study was a prospective epidemiological investigation.The effect of age and gender on the disease prevalence was analyzed by Chi- square test. Results:About 2.29% (234/10 215 cases) of the school students aged 6-16 years in Beijing had depressive disorders.The incidence of depressive disorders was 1.80% (106/5 866 cases) in boys and 2.94% (128/4 349 cases) in girls.There is an age effect on the prevalence of depression.As the age increases, the morbidity of depressive disorders increases.The age of 12 years was a critical turning point, and the peak incidence was reached at around the age of 15 years.The emotional and behavioral problems of patients with depressive disorders mainly include social problems, withdrawal depressed, anxiety and depressed, somatic complaints, and aggressive behavior.Conclusions:The prevalence of depressive disorders among school students aged 6-16 years in Beijing is 2.29%.Depressive disorders occur in primary and middle school students of all ages.More attention should be paid to the mood of students before and after the entrance exams for junior high school and senior middle school, especially the girls′ mood.In the process of screening, diagnosis and treatment of depressive disorders, the atypical symptoms of depression need to be paid more attention.

[Effects of Organic Carbon Content on the Residue and Migration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil Profiles].

The effects of total organic carbon content (TOC) on the migration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil were investigated. This study analyzed the vertical properties of the concentrations and distributions of PAHs and TOC at various soil profiles from functionally different environmental regions including nature reserves, ploughs, orchards, farmlands, metropolitan areas, and industrial parks. The vertical migration properties of PAHs in soils were examined by conducting leaching experiments in soil columns. The concentrations of PAHs varied from region to region and showed strong, positive correlations with TOC in the same region. Furthermore, based on the leaching experiments, the transport abilities of PAHs were significantly influenced by TOC, although they could all be transported to the deep layers by TOC in soil columns. The downward migration of PAHs decreased with the increase in TOC and vice versa. The properties of the composition and structure of PAHs also had an obvious influence on their residues and migration in soil profiles at the same TOC conditions. In addition, the transport of PAHs was related to the amount of leaching water, the leaching time, and the additional PAHs.

Suggestions for improving public appointment registration platforms in Beijing area / 中华医学图书情报杂志

After the advantages and disadvantages of appointment registration systems in different large hospitals of Beijing were compared, the problems in their appointment registration systems were analyzed and suggestions were put forward for establishing the public appointment registration systems with powerful systematization and compati-bility which are integrated into the EMR system of Beijing.

Distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes in HPV-infected women in Beijing, China.

To investigate the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in infected women from Beijing, China, samples were obtained during routine gynecologic examinations and DNA was extracted from the samples, and PCR was performed to distinguish the 13 high-risk HPV subtypes (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 68). Samples were obtained from 1160 women (20-75 years old), and 470 cases of high-risk HPV infection were diagnosed. HPV 52, HPV 16, HPV 58, HPV 51, and HPV 39 were the most common genotypes accounting for 22.8%, 22.3%, 20.0%, 14.3%, and 13.6% of cases, respectively. The highest infection rates were found in 20-30 year-old patients (35.1%). HPV 16 infection was the highest in the 31-40 year-old group, and HPV 52, HPV 58, and HPV 39 infections were highest in the 20-30 year-old group. Some patients were infected with multiple high-risk HPV subtypes. Of the 470 patients with positive HPV tests, 65.7% of women were infected with a single high-risk HPV subtype, 23.2%, of women were infected with two high-risk HPV subtypes, 7.7% were infected with three subtypes, and 3.4% of women were infected with more than three high-risk HPV subtypes. In this study, HPV 16 and HPV 52 were the most common subtypes found in patients with cervical lesions.

Investigation of Human Cytomegalovirus and Human T Lymphotropic Virus Infection of Voluntary Blood Donors in Beijing Area / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To analysis the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)and human T lymphotropic virus(HTLV)infection status in Beijing among voluntary blood donors.Methods Randomly selected 2 010 blood samples from five districts and counties of Beijing City to screen HCMV-IgG,HCMV-IgM and HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ antibody by ELISA method.The positive samples were reexamined two times,two test results of samples were positive that were determined positive by ELISA. HTLV positive samples was confirmed by nested PCR.Results The HCMV-IgM and HCMV-IgG positive rates of Beijing blood donors were 2.19% and 92.59%,screened 1 case of anti-HTLV positive by ELISA method,then confirmed to be neg-ative result by nested PCR.The statistics showed that the HCMV-IgG positive rate female blood donors was higher than male (P 0.05).Conclusion In this investigation,2 010 cases of voluntary blood donors from five districts of Beijing were not found in cases of HTLV infection,HCMV infection was prevalent.

Study on the Status Quo of Teachers'Teaching Ability of Standardized Training for Hospital Pharmacists in Beijing Area / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the status quo of teachers'teaching ability of standardized training for hospital pharma-cists in Beijing area,and provide reference for strengthening the faculty construction. METHODS:A dynamic assessment of stan-dardized training base for hospital pharmacists of 17 inpatients in Beijing area was conducted to organize evaluation experts to as-sess the teaching ability of outpatient pharmacy,ward pharmacy and clinical pharmacy in training base. Questionnaire was designed and trainees were organized to evaluate the teaching ability,time,attitude,feedback and others and related results of teaching in bases were vegarded as objects for analysis and summary. RESULTS:The overall ability of teaching was high,and the most promi-nent was clinical pharmacy,which was well received by trainees. But there are differences among departments,the ability of ward pharmacy is slightly lower than the clinical pharmacy and outpatient pharmacy. And the teaching ability still had great improvement. CONCLUSIONS:In order to improve the overall teacher strength in training base,competence-based training for hospital pharma-cists must be strengthened to encourage teachers to attend training courses,strengthen cultivation of humanistic quality and enrich students'evaluation forms.

Utilization of Antidepressant Drugs in 36 Hospitals in Beijing Area from 2005 to 2007 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical utilization and the tendency of antidepressant drugs in Beijing area.METHODS:Using the analytical method of the defined daily dose(DDD)recommended by WHO,the application of antidepressant drugs in Beijing from 2005 to 2007 was analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The consumptive sum and DDDs of antidepressants increased significantly year by year,with SSRIs representing more than 88% of all the antidepressant drugs in terms of the consumptive sum,leading the first 3 places in terms of consumption sum and DDDs were fluoxetine,paroxetine and citalopram.The market share of traditional tricyclics and tetracyclines showed a slight reduction,but there were still a stable population of these drugs.CONCLUSION:SSRIs such as fluoxetine have been dominated the antidepressants market in Beijing area.

Market research on home medical device in Beijing / 医疗卫生装备

An investigation on the consumer and manufacturer of home medical device as well as doctors is carried out with an aim to analyze the current situation of home medical device in Beijing.Based on the method of market research,this issue is approached from such four aspects as popularity,demand,purchase,and usage respectively.The results reveal the distribution of different types of home medical devices and distinctive features represented in the process of purchasing among different age groups.Finally,some suggestions and speculation about the future development of home medical device in this area are proposed.