Glycomics: Immunoglobulin G N-Glycosylation Associated with Mammary Gland Hyperplasia in Women.

Mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) is very common, especially among young and middle-aged women. New diagnostics and biomarkers for MGH are needed for rational clinical management and precision medicine. We report, in this study, new findings using a glycomics approach, with a focus on immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a community-based population sample in Beijing, China. A total of 387 participants 40-65 years of age were enrolled in this study, including 194 women with MGH (cases) and 193 women who had no MGH (controls). IgG N-glycans were characterized in the serum by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. The levels of the glycan peaks (GPs) GP2, GP5, GP6, and GP7 were lower in the MGH group compared with the control group, whereas GP14 was significantly higher in the MGH group (p < 0.05). A predictive model using GP5, GP21, and age was established and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed. The sensitivity and specificity of the model for MGH was 61.3% and 63.2%, respectively, likely owing to receptor mechanisms and/or inflammation regulation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting on an association between IgG N-glycosylation and MGH. We suggest person-to-person variations in IgG N-glycans and their combination with multiomics biomarker strategies offer a promising avenue to identify novel diagnostics and individuals at increased risk of MGH.

Atención a pacientes con afecciones benignas de la mama durante 11 años / Care for patients with benign breast conditions during 11 years

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo de 1 551 pacientes con afecciones benignas de la mama, atendidas en el Hospital Provincial Docente "Mariana Grajales Coello" de Santiago de Cuba durante el período 2001-2011, con vistas a mostrar las características clínicas y el tratamiento de estas afecciones. En la serie predominó la displasia mamaria en sus formas fibrosa (39,3 %), adenosis (27,7) y quística (16,6 %), seguidas del fibroadenoma (12,8 %). El dolor prevaleció en todas las féminas con fibrosis; el nódulo, en todas aquellas con fibroadenomas, quiste y papiloma. La descarga por el pezón, estuvo presente en 100 % de las que presentaron ectasia y papiloma, así como también en 75 % de las que afectadas por adenosis. Se aplicó tratamiento higienicodietético y hormonal a 83,7 y a 53,1 % de las integrantes de la serie, respectivamente. Se concluye que las afecciones benignas de la mama, constituyen una causa importante de morbilidad en las mujeres de cualquier edad.

A descriptive, observational and retrospective study was carried out in 1 551 patients with benign breast conditions, attended in "Mariana Grajales Coello" Provincial Teaching Hospital of Santiago de Cuba during the period 2001-2011 in order to show the clinical characteristics and treatment of these conditions. In the series breast dysplasia prevailed with its fibrous (39.3%), cystic (16.6%) and adenosis (27.7%) forms, followed by the fibroadenoma (12.8%). Pain prevailed in all the females with fibrosis; the pump in all women with fibroadenomas, cyst and papilloma. The nipple discharge was present in 100% of those who had ectasis and papilloma, and in 75% of those affected by adenosis as well. Hygienic-dietetic and hormonal treatment was administered to 83.7 and 53.1% of members of the series respectively. It is concluded that benign breast conditions are an important cause of morbidity in women of all ages.

Factores asociados a la aparición del cáncer de mama en un área de salud rural / Factors associated with breast cancer occurrence in a rural health area

Se realizó un estudio observacional y descriptivo de 200 féminas que presentaron alguna afección mamaria, pertenecientes al área de salud del Policlínico "Luis Carrión Pérez" de Dos Caminos, municipio de San Luis, en Santiago de Cuba, desde octubre de 2009 hasta junio de 2011, a fin de de identificar en ellas características clínicas y factores epidemiológicos, tales como: hábitos tóxicos, modos y estilos de vida, lactancia materna y tiempo de esta, así como otros que influyeron causalmente en la aparición de enfermedades mamarias benignas y malignas, para diagnosticar precozmente el cáncer de mama. Se detectaron 3 pacientes con tumoración maligna y 125 con displasia mamaria, lo cual demostró la necesidad inmediata de modificar los factores antes mencionados.

A descriptive, observational study was carried out in 200 women with a breast condition, belonging to the health area of "Luis Carrión Pérez" Polyclinic in Dos Caminos, San Luis municipality, Santiago de Cuba, from October 2009 to June 2011, in order to identify in these women clinical characteristics and epidemiological factors such as toxic habits, manners and lifestyles, breastfeeding and time of this, and others causally influencing the occurrence of benign and malignant breast disease for diagnosing breast cancer early. Three patients with malignancy and 125 with breast dysplasia were detected, demonstrating the immediate need to modify the aforementioned factors.

Poland's syndrome: clinical analyses of 15 cases with review of literature / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of 15 cases of Poland's syndrome and to explore the suitable treatment strategies. Methods A retrospective study of 15 adult patients with Poland's syndrome was conducted and the related literature was reviewed. According to the development of pectoralis muscles and breast, chest deformities were classified into 2 grades: mild and severe. Mild form was limited to absence of partial pectoralis major muscle, with variable hypoplasia of other minor components (such as the size of breast and the size and position of the nipple-areola complex), leading to a mild chest wall asymmetry. Severe form was characterized by absence or severe hypoplasia of the pectoralis major muscle and mammary gland with an evident chest wall asymmetry. Combined with gender, adult patients were divided into 4 types: female mild, female severe, male mild, and male severe. Each type had its own treatment strategies based on its anatomic features: silicone implant insertion for female mild type;latissimus dorsi muscular flap transposition and silicone implant insertion for female severe type;fat injection for male mild type;latissimus dorsi muscular flap transposition for male severe type of the patients. From 2003 to 2008, 15 adult cases were admitted to our ward, aged from 16 to 34 years.The case number of each type was 6, 6, 2 and 1, respectively. One severe female patients rejected any surgical interventions;the others were all treated as the above. Results Follow-up periods ranged from 6 months to 4 years. This series had got satisfactory results with good breast symmetry and natural texture. All the latissimus dorsi muscular flaps survived well. No postoperative complications, such as implant capsular contracture or implant displacement, were observed. Conclusion The manifestations of Poland's syndrome are extremely varied. This classification method is simple but useful, which could effectively direct the individualized treatment for the complete and adequate rehabilitation. Latissimus dorsi muscular flap, pedicled or free transplanted, pulsing silicone implant in females, are the first choices for severe chest deformations of this syndrome.

Experiencias de la terapia antioxidante con Vimang en la atención primaria de salud en Cuba / Experience of antioxidant therapy with Vimang in primary health care in Cuba

La terapia antioxidante con Vimang en la atención primaria de salud constituye una posible alternativa para el tratamiento eficaz, adyuvante o no, de enfermedades relacionadas con el estrés oxidativo o componentes de dolor e inflamación. Se muestra los resultados de estudios clínicos con Vimang en la atención al adulto mayor, el tratamiento de la displasia de mamas, leve o moderada, y el tratamiento de dermatopatías, a partir de experiencias etnomédicas publicadas con anterioridad. En la atención al adulto mayor (n = 31, tabletas Vimang, 300 mg) mejoró, en ocho de nueve indicadores evaluados de la calidad de vida (Cuestionario de Salud SF-36), la autopercepción del estado de salud de los ancianos; el indicador más significativo fue el dolor corporal. En la terapia de la displasia de mamas (n = 100, tabletas Vimang, 300 mg) se demostró una eficacia mayor al 85 por ciento, con resultados similares o superiores a la vitamina E. En el tratamiento de enfermedades de la piel (n = 590, crema Vimang, 1,2 por ciento), se observó mejoría en 86,8 y 96,7 por ciento de los pacientes tratados por inflamación y dolor, respectivamente, y más del 90 por ciento fueron curados de forma total o parcial. Los resultados más relevantes se obtuvieron en la recuperación del color de la piel en melasma del embarazo y pitiriasis versicolor, (52 pacientes), procesos infecciosos (53 pacientes), micosis (169 pacientes). No se observaron reacciones adversas ni signos de toxicidad durante el tratamiento.

Antioxidant therapy with Vimang in primary health care is a possible alternative for the effective treatment, either adjuvant or not, of diseases related to oxidative stress, pain and inflammation. The results of clinical studies with Vimang on the elderly, breast dysplasia (mild or moderate) and skin diseases were shown taking into account previously reported ethnomedical experience. On elderly subjects (n=31 , 300mg Vimang tablets), the self perception of their health status improved in 8 of 9 evaluated parameters of life quality, being body pain the most significant (health questionnaire SF-36). In the treatment of breast dysplasia (n=100, 300mg Vimang tablets), the efficacy was over 85 percent, with similar or higher results than vitamin E. In treating skin diseases (n=590, 1.2 percent Vimang cream), 86.8 percent and 96.7 percent of patients treated because of inflammation and pain improved their condition whereas over 90 percent of patients completely or partially recovered. The most relevant results were seen in the recovery of skin pigmentation in pregnancy melasme and pitiriasis versicolor (52 patients), infectious processes (53 patients), and mycosis (169 patients). Neither adverse reactions nor toxic signs were observed in the treatment.