ABSTRACT
Resumen El desafío de controlar la corrupción ha hecho evidente la necesidad de que las organizaciones gestionen la ética, desplegando instrumentos para reforzar los marcos éticos de los servidores públicos. Entre los instrumentos más usados para logar este objetivo, están las capacitaciones en ética, que proporcionarían elementos para que un funcionario enfrente de mejor forma una situación o un dilema ético. Pero, ¿es así?, ¿cuán eficientes son las capacitaciones en ética para los funcionarios públicos?, ¿tienen el mismo efecto entre los distintos tipos de funcionarios que forman parte del sector público? Para resolver estas cuestiones, en la presente investigación se presentan los resultados de la aplicación de un cuestionario previo y posterior al desarrollo de una capacitación en ética para funcionarios que se desempeñan en la administración central y local en Chile. Los resultados indican de manera exploratoria que luego de la capacitación existe una adecuación de los participantes a los marcos éticos, identificando un efecto positivo diferenciado en mujeres y personas de reciente ingreso a la administración pública. Se requieren más investigaciones para perfeccionar el instrumento y así aportar de mejor forma a una administración pública más proba. El texto finaliza con algunas propuestas de mejora a este tipo de intervenciones.
Resumo O desafio de controlar a corrupção deixou clara a necessidade das organizações fazerem uma gestão da ética, implantando instrumentos que reforcem os marcos éticos dos servidores públicos. Entre os instrumentos mais utilizados para atingir esse objetivo está o treinamento em ética, que forneceria elementos para que um funcionário possa enfrentar melhor uma situação ou dilema ético. Mas é assim? Quão eficiente é o treinamento em ética para funcionários públicos? Eles têm o mesmo efeito entre os diferentes tipos de funcionários que fazem parte do setor público? Para resolver essas questões, esta pesquisa apresenta os resultados da aplicação de um questionário antes e depois do desenvolvimento de um treinamento em ética para funcionários que atuam na administração central e local no Chile. Os resultados indicam de forma exploratória que após a formação ocorre uma adequação dos participantes aos referenciais éticos, identificando um efeito positivo diferenciado em mulheres e pessoas que ingressaram recentemente na administração pública. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para aperfeiçoar o instrumento e, assim, contribuir melhor para uma administração pública mais proba. O texto termina com algumas propostas de aprimoramento para este tipo de intervenção.
Abstract The challenge of curbing corruption requires public organizations to implement ethics management, deploying a myriad of instruments to reinforce ethical frameworks of public employees. Ethical training is among the most used instruments to achieve this goal, which should provide elements to public officials to face ethical dilemmas effectively. Yet, is that the case? How efficient are ethical training efforts for public servants? Do they have the same effect among different types of employees? In order to answer these questions, this article shows the results of pre and post-test questionnaires applied to participants of ethics training workshops for employees in the central and local government in Chile. The exploratory findings show that after the workshops, it is possible to see an improvement in the ethical frameworks among participants, showing a positive effect for women and those who recently started working in the public sector. More research is required to improve the instrument and strengthen public integrity. The article concludes with proposals to improve these kinds of training activities.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Public Administration , Public Sector , Ethics , CorruptionABSTRACT
The effects of relationship education aimed at individuals, rather than couples, have not yet been widely investigated. However, increasingly, relationship education is provided to large and diverse groups of individuals who may be in varying stages of relationships. Several programs have been developed to strengthen relationship competencies among single individuals as well as among partnered individuals who, for a variety of reasons, seek relationship education without their partners. The current study is an exploratory evaluation study that examined self-reported outcomes for 706 single and partnered individuals who attended Within My Reach classes delivered in community-based agencies. Participants were from diverse backgrounds and exhibited many of the risk factors for poor relationship outcomes including unemployment, low income, and childhood experience of abuse or neglect. Pre-post analyses indicated that the program was beneficial for both singles and partnered individuals. Singles reported increased belief in ability to obtain healthy relationships. Partnered individuals reported increased relationship quality, relationship confidence, and reduced conflict. Regardless of relationship status, participants also reported improvement in general relationship and communication skill. Results support the utility of individual-oriented relationship education for singles and partnered individuals with diverse background characteristics.
Subject(s)
Education, Nonprofessional/methods , Education, Nonprofessional/standards , Interpersonal Relations , Social Work/standards , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Consumer Behavior , Family Conflict , Female , Humans , Male , Marital Status , Middle Aged , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Poverty , Self Efficacy , Surveys and Questionnaires , Unemployment , Young AdultABSTRACT
Introducción y Objetivo: Reforzar los conocimientos en salud bucal de las personas que están acargo de los niños(as) a nivel de instituciones educativas, se convierte en una medida acertada enla promoción de la salud y la prevención de enfermedades dentales que pueden aparecer a edadestempranas, como un complemento de las acciones de protección que tenga la familia en el hogar.Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de intervención en donde se capacitaron los docenteslíderes de 15 instituciones preescolares del municipio de Sabaneta (Antioquia) y se evaluaron 802escolares entre los 3 y 6 años en dos fases con un intervalo de siete meses a los que se les aplicaronlos índices de caries dental (ceo-s y COP-S) y el índice de IHOS, de igual modo se realizaroncuestionarios estructurados sobre conocimientos de higiene oral a los docentes en tiempos similares.Resultados: Hubo un aumento en el nivel de conocimientos del 36.6 por ciento después de la capacitación delos docentes. El promedio de los dientes en boca se mantiene, hubo un aumento de las superficiessanas, una reducción del 62,5 por ciento en la mancha blanca, la placa blanda disminuyó en un 36,4 por ciento,presentándose además una reducción del 33,7 por ciento en las caries activas en esmalte. Conclusiones:El empoderamiento de los docentes en programas de promoción de la salud bucal, favorece elmejoramiento del estado de salud bucal en los niños(as)...
Introduction and Objective: Reinforcing oral health knowledge of individuals in charge of childrenin educational institutions is an optimal health promotion strategy in prevention of oral health diseasein younger populations which complements other protective actions which take place at home.Materials and Methods: An intervention study was carried out in which teachers with leadershipabilities were trained from 15 preschool institutions in the municipality of Sabaneta; 802 studentsbetween 3 and 6 years of age were evaluated in two phases with a seven month interval in order toasses DMF, DMF-s and Oral Hygiene Index scores; questionnaires on oral health knowledge weregiven to teachers simultaneously. Results: There was an increase in knowledge level of 36.6 percent afterthe teacher training program. The number of teeth present was stable; there was an increase in thenumber of healthy surfaces, a reduction of 62.5 percent of white spot lesions, a decrease of 36.4 percent of thedental plaque and a reduction. Conclusions: Empowerment of teachers in oral health promotionprograms helps improve oral health conditions of children...