No difference in 13-year survival after medial pivot or central pivot mobile bearing total knee arthroplasty. A propensity matched comparative analysis.

PURPOSE: The present study was designed to evaluate the long-term results (more than 10 years) of mobile bearing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to compare the survival of medial pivot axis (MPA) and central pivot axis (CPA) TKAs. The primary hypothesis was that the 10- to 15-year survival rate of MPA TKAs will be better than CPA TKAs. METHODS: A national, multicenter, retrospective study was performed in France. In this case-control design, 1154 TKAs were paired into the CPA group (control group: 577 cases) and MPA group (study group: 577 cases) based on a logistic regression analysis of age, gender, body mass index and severity of the coronal deformity, defining the propensity score for each case. Final survival information follow-up was obtained for 946 cases (82%). RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the control and study groups for any baseline data. Twenty-two prosthetic revisions (2%) were performed for mechanical reasons during the follow-up period. There was no significant difference between the 13-year survival rates of CPA (98%) and MPA (97%) TKAs. There was no significant difference between groups in their final Oxford and Knee Society scores. CONCLUSION: Our findings do not support the assumption that medialization of the pivot axis of a mobile bearing TKA improves clinical results or survival. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.

Correlation between nutrient content and productivity in irrigated forages / Correlação entre teor de nutrientes e produtividade em forrageiras irrigadas

Irregular rainfall can restrict crop development, so irrigation of pastures serves as a strategy to intensify grass-fed animal production systems. Due to the direct relationship between the availability of soil water and nutrients, the objective was to evaluate the nutrient content in forages irrigated by a central pivot system. This work was carried out in the experimental area of irrigated agriculture at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, in Aquidauana-MS, Brazil. The experiment was setup in a completely randomized design, with five replications, in subdivided plots. The treatments of the plots were irrigated and non-irrigated, and the treatments of the subplots were the foragesUrochloa brizantha cv. Xaraes, Pennisetum purpureum cv. Napier, Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa and Urochloa ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis. Foliar concentrations of the nutrients Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sulfur (S), Boron (B), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn) were evaluated. Statistical analyses performed included analysis of variance, Tukey test at p <0.05 and linear correlation matrix at p <0.05 and p <0.01 between nutrients and productivity. Irrigation results in higher levels of the macronutrients P, K and Mg, and Fe and Mn micronutrients in forages. The nutrients that correlated with productivity were P and Fe, which both presented negative correlation. The nutrients correlated better with each other than with forage productivity

A irregularidade do regime pluviométrico pode tornar-se uma restrição ao desenvolvimento das culturas, de maneira que a irrigação de pastagens serve como estratégia para a intensificação dos sistemas de produção animal a pasto. Devido a relação direta entre a disponibilidade de água no solo e os nutrientes, objetivou-se avaliar os teores dos nutrientes em forrageiras irrigadas por pivô central. O trabalho foi realizado na área experimental de agricultura irrigada da Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, em Aquidauana-MS. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, em parcelas subdivididas. Os tratamentos das parcelas foram, irrigado e não irrigado, e os tratamentos das subparcelas, foram as forrageiras Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés, Pennisetum purpureum cv. Napier, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça e Urochloa ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis. Foram avaliadas as concentrações foliares dos nutrientes Nitrogênio (N), Fósforo (P), Potássio (K), Cálcio (Ca), Magnésio (Mg), Enxofre (S), Cobre (Cu), Ferro (Fe), Manganês (Mn) e Zinco (Zn). Foi realizada a análise de variância, teste Tukey p<0,05 e matriz de correlação linear p<0,05 e p<0,01 entre os nutrientes e a produtividade. A irrigação propicia maiores teores dos macronutrientes P, K e Mg e dos micronutrientes Fe e Mn nas forrageiras. Os teores de nutrientes que correlacionaram com a produtividade foram o P e o Fe, ambos apresentaram correlação negativa. Os teores de nutrientes correlacionaram melhor entre si do que com a produtividade das forrageiras

Imaging of meniscus and ligament injuries of the knee.

Magnetic resonance imaging has now an indisputable role for the diagnosis of meniscus and ligament injuries of the knee. Some technical advances have improved the diagnostic capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging so that diagnoses, which may change the therapeutic approach, such as a partial tear of the anterior cruciate ligament or confirmation of unstable meniscal injuries, are now made easier. This article describes the essential about magnetic resonance imaging technique and pathological results for the menisci, collateral ligaments and damage to the central pivot of the cruciate knee ligaments.

Avaliação econômica da terminação de bovinos de corte em pastagem irrigada / Economic evaluation of finishing beef cattle on irrigated pasture

Foi avaliada a viabilidade econômica de três sistemas de produção por meio da mensuração dos custos de produção e da análise dos indicadores financeiros. Os três sistemas (S1, S2 e S3), situados na fronteira oeste do Rio Grande do Sul, foram avaliados no período de outubro de 2010 a outubro de 2011. A pastagem estabelecida no S1 foi de azevém (Lolium multiflorumLam)e trevo branco (Trifolium repensLam); no S2, trevo branco, trevo vermelho (Trifolium pratenseLam), cornichão (Lotus corniculatusLam), azevém e aveia preta (Avena strigosaSchreb); e no S3, azevém, cornichão, trevo branco e trevo vermelho. Os animais foram pesados na entrada e na saída das pastagens. A coleta de dados para mensuração do custo foi realizada mensalmente utilizando-se planilhas apropriadas. As produtividades foram de 369, 772 e 637kg/ha para os sistemas S1, S2 e S3, respectivamente. O S2 apresentou o maior custo total (R$ 2.101,59/ha), enquanto o menor foi obtido pelo S1 (R$ 1.626,93/ha). Na análise do custo operacional médio dos três sistemas, os itens que apresentaram maiores valores foram a implantação de pastagem, a energia elétrica, a manutenção da pastagem e a depreciação. Quanto às margens, os sistemas S1, S2 e S3 apresentaram, respectivamente, R$ 33,46, 1.162,55 e 701,01/ha para margem bruta; R$ -63,51, 955,40 e 541,05/ha para margem operacional; e R$ -583,18, 291,61 e -28,99/ha para lucro total. A rentabilidade foi de -0,47, 4,37 e 3,01% e a lucratividade foi de -5,94, 39,92 e 27,38% para o S1, S2 e S3, respectivamente. A irrigação de pastagens para terminação de bovinos é viável economicamente, no entanto a sua adoção deve sempre visar a altas produtividades zootécnicas devido ao seu elevado custo de produção.

The economic viability of three systems of production was evaluated through the measurement of costs and analysis of financial indicators. The three systems (S1, S2 and S3), located on the Western Border of Rio Grande do Sul, were evaluated from October 2010 to October 2011. The pasture established is S1 was ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam) and white clover (Trifolium repens Lam), in S2, white clover, red clover (Trifolium pratense Lam), Bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus Lam), ryegrass and oats (Avena strigosa Schreb), and in S3, ryegrass, birdsfoot trefoil, white clover and red clover. The animals were weighed before and after the pastures. Data collection was conducted monthly, using spreadsheets suitable for the measurement of production cost. Productivities were 369, 772 and 637 kg/ha for systems S1, S2 and S3, respectively. S2 had the highest total cost (R$ 2101.59/ha), while the lower was obtained by S1 (R$ 1626.93/ha). In the analysis of the average operating costs, items that showed the highest values were the establishment of pasture, electricity, maintenance of pasture and depreciation. As for margins, the systems S1, S2, and S3 were, respectively, R$ 33.46, 1162.55 and 701.01/ha for gross margin; R$ -63.51, 955.40 and 541.05 ha-1 for operating margin; and R$ -583.18, -28.99 and 291.61 ha-1 for total profit. The return was -0.47, 4.37 and 3.01% and profitability was -5.94, 39.92 and 27.38% for the S1, S2 and S3 respectively. The positive result found in the financial evaluation of the three systems studied indicates the economic viability of irrigated pasture in finishing cattle. Irrigation of pasture for finishing cattle is economically feasible, however, its application should always aim high yields husbandry due to their high cost of production.