Epidemiological Characterisation of Chronic Diseases Among Civil Servants in Hebei Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Real-World Study of Approximately 50,000 Adults.

Background: The objective of this investigation was to explore the health status and epidemiological features of civil servants working in Hebei Province, China. Methods: Data was collected through a cross-sectional survey that involved 50,039 adult civil servants in Hebei Province. The research was conducted at the Hebei Provincial Medical Examination Centre and included inquiries about demographics, health behaviours, chronic illnesses, and abnormal check-up indicators. Statistical data were used to determine the prevalence of chronic diseases and abnormal health examination indicators. Subgroup analyses by sex were then conducted to calculate the similarities and differences in health status between men and women. Results: The findings of the survey indicate that 14.2% of individuals who work in civil service suffer from obesity. Additionally, a considerable proportion of this group display poor health behaviours, including smoking and alcohol consumption. Hypertension (21.03%), dyslipidaemia (10.88%), and diabetes mellitus (8.56%) were identified as the top three chronic diseases, while cardiovascular diseases were prevalent at 6.27% among civil servants. Ultrasound showed a high prevalence of fatty liver, non-smooth gallbladder and liver cysts (44.61%, 33.24% and 23.26% respectively). The occurrence of pulmonary nodules was alarmingly high at 88.48%, while thyroid nodules were found in as much as 62.65% of patients. Abnormal E/A values≤1, prostate hyperplasia, breast nodules, and carotid plaques were also prevalent, with percentages ranging from 46.76% to 63.04%. In subgroup analyses by gender, the prevalence of chronic diseases and abnormal screening indicators was consistently higher in men than in women, with the exception of thyroid nodules and thyroid surgery. Conclusion: The survey revealed a large proportion of civil servants in Hebei Province, China, suffering from chronic diseases, underscoring the necessity for enhanced attention to chronic disease prevention and management in this group and emphasising the requirement for focused interventions aimed at improving health outcomes.

Factors influencing civil servants' willingness to implement cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Chongqing, China: Based on the theory of planned behavior.

Background: Timely bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the key to improving the survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Civil servants are potential bystander CPR providers. This study aimed to explore civil servants' willingness to implement CPR in Chongqing, identify the influencing factors and mechanisms affecting civil servants' willingness to perform CPR, and then seek countermeasures to improve civil servants' willingness to implement CPR. Methods: We introduced the theory of perceived risk into the theory of planned behavior, developed a 7-point Likert scale based on the extended theory of planned behavior, and conducted a questionnaire survey on civil servants in Chongqing, China. Descriptive statistical analysis and one-way ANOVA were employed to explore respondents' willingness and differences. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationship between attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and perceived risk and respondents' willingness to implement CPR. Results: A total of 1235 valid questionnaires were included for analysis. 50.1 % of respondents were willing to implement CPR. Male, over 40 years old, living with the elderly, having previous experience performing CPR on another person, and having higher CPR knowledge scores were associated with a more positive willingness to perform CPR. Attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control had significant positive effects on willingness, and the standardized regression coefficients were 0.164, 0.326 and 0.313, respectively. The perceived risk has a significant negative effect on willingness, and the standardized regression coefficient was -0.109. The four latent variables accounted for 44.2 % of the variance in the willingness of civil servants to implement CPR. Conclusions: The willingness of civil servants in Chongqing to implement CPR needs to be improved, and the countermeasures to enhance the subjective norm and perceived behavioral control of civil servants should be emphasized, such as developing a social support network for rescuing conduct, establishing regular training mechanisms and improving the practical applicability and popularization of the Chinese-style "Good Samaritan Law" etc., to improve the willingness of civil servants in Chongqing to implement CPR.

Views of Nigerian civil servants about compulsory COVID-19 vaccination: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND:  COVID-19 caused unforeseen global burden, although vaccine strategy rapidly stalled transmission and protected those at risk. Many governments made vaccination mandatory for public space access. AIM:  This study aimed to elucidate perception of Nigerian civil servants towards mandatory COVID-19 vaccination and elicited their recommendations. SETTING:  This study was conducted in twelve purposively selected states in the six geopolitical zones and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria. Relevant ministries, departments and agencies were selected within the study sites. METHODS:  It was a qualitative study that interviewed consenting civil servants. Ethical approval was obtained from the National Health Research Ethics Committee. Interviews were conducted in person, following a pre-test. Data was analysed using NVivo software version 12. RESULTS:  Most participants were willing to take the vaccine if their safety was assured. However, enforcement to do so was a hindrance. Most participants commended the government for the effort to curb COVID-19 transmission and create awareness but were displeased with planning and handling of misconceptions. They recommended a more committed approach to vaccine production and funding by the government. CONCLUSION:  Participants were willing to take the COVID-19 vaccines because the gains of protection outweighed the risks. They suggested a less involuntary approach through reinforcing awareness creation and avoiding threats.Contribution: There is limited qualitative research on perception of Nigerian civil servants regarding mandatory COVID-19 vaccination. Being the main driving force of Nigeria's public service, their views are invaluable. Findings could contribute to future policies in times of emergency.

COVID-19 in City Council Civil Servants, 1 March 2020-31 January 2023: Risk of Infection, Reinfection, Vaccine Effectiveness and the Impact of Heterologous Triple Vaccination.

Background: The risk of COVID-19 increases in any occupation entailing intense social interactions. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 among civil servants of Trieste city council (northeastern Italy) over the entire pandemic. Methods: The crude incidence rate of COVID-19 was estimated from 1 March 2020 to 31 January 2023 by explanatory factors, expressing the estimate as COVID-19 events x 10,000 person-days (P-d) at risk. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model was fitted to examine the risk of primary COVID-19 infection and reinfections, reporting adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: The cohort of Trieste city council was mainly composed of administrative clerks (48.5%), nursery teachers (33%), technicians (9.9%) and local police officers (8.5%). Between 1 March 2020 and 31 January 2023, 1444 (62.4%) employees tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at least once and 18.1% (=262/1444) at least twice. By the end of this study, 55% (N = 1272) of employees had received at least three doses of COVID-19 vaccine, whereas 19.7% (N = 457) remained unvaccinated. At multiple Cox regression analysis, the adjusted risk of primary COVID-19 events during the entire study period increased in employees aged 40-49 years (aHR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.01; 2.71), females (aHR = 1.28; 95%CI: 1.12; 1.45), local police officers (aHR = 1.82; 95%CI: 1.50; 2.22) and nursery teachers (aHR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.13; 1.43). However, whilst the risk of primary infections in police officers increased already during the Alpha transmission period (aHR = 6.82; 95%CI: 4.48; 10.40), progressively reducing across subsequent variants, for nursery teachers, it increased during the Delta wave (aHR = 2.42; 1.70; 3.44), reducing with Omicron (aHR = 1.23; 95%CI: 1.07; 1.40). Compared to unvaccinated colleagues, during the entire study period the risk of primary infections was significantly lower in employees immunized with three (aHR = 0.42; 95%CI: 0.36; 0.47) or four (aHR = 0.30; 95%CI: 0.23; 0.40) doses of COVID-19 vaccine, for a vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 58% and 70%, respectively. The protective effect of vaccination against primary infections was confirmed in the sub-group analysis by main pandemic waves, for a VE of 75% for one dose against 99% for two doses during the Alpha transmission period, slightly reducing to 59% and 70% in Delta time, respectively. During the Omicron wave, the risk of primary SARS-CoV-2 infections diminished significantly with three (aHR = 0.42; 95%CI: 0.36; 0.49) or four vaccine doses (aHR = 0.09; 95%CI: 0.05; 0.16), for a VE of 58% and 91%, respectively. Moreover, the risk of primary SARS-CoV-2 reinfections during the entire study period reduced with one (aHR = 0.47; 95%CI: 0.27; 0.82), two (aHR = 0.42; 95%CI: 0.30; 0.58), three (aHR = 0.32; 95%CI: 0.24; 0.44) or four vaccine doses (aHR = 0.14; 95%CI: 0.05; 0.46), for a VE of 53%, 58%, 68% and 86% against reinfections, respectively. No significant difference in VE was associated with heterologous versus homologous triple vaccination, both against primary infections or reinfections. Conclusions: Primary SARS-CoV-2 infections were more likely among nursery teachers and local police officers. The risk of both primary infections and reinfections reduced with higher number of doses of COVID-19 vaccine, regardless of the pandemic wave. Since city council civil servants were swab tested on demand or for contact tracing, the estimation of COVID-19 risk and VE largely missed aymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. On the one hand, the present study confirmed the protective effect of COVID-19 vaccination against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections; on the other hand, it highlighted not only the importance of continuous booster doses to keep up the humoral immunity over time but also the importance of updated vaccine formulations to prevent and control the spread of a highly mutable virus. Moreover, the protective effect of the first two doses against reinfections confirmed the efficacy of hybrid immunity during Omicron time.

Prioritizing Workplace Health Promotion Policy to Address High Blood Pressure and Obesity in a Public University in the Northern Region of Ghana.

The International Labour Organization (ILO) recommends the engagement of the world of work in providing comprehensive and effective prevention strategy for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Workers are at risk of developing 1 or more cases of NCDs due to their exposure to risk factors at work. The ILO suggests that the work-related risk factors can be prevented by improving working conditions and integration of workplace health promotion programs. Workplace health promotion policies promote workers general health, improve working environment, work practices, and reduces the risks of common NCDs including hypertension (high blood pressure) and obesity among employees. A number of studies have described the increasing trends of hypertension and obesity among civil servants but are limited in assessing the availability and effectiveness of workplace health promotion policies to address them. We assessed the availability and effectiveness of workplace health promotion policy to address the prevalence of high blood pressure in a public university in the Northern Region of Ghana. Using a mixed method study design, 191 administrative staff were recruited and in-depth qualitative interviews conducted among 5 key informants. The study found significant number of participants with elevated and high blood pressure and overweight and obesity with no functional workplace health promotion at the time of the study. We therefore recommend the prioritization and development of a workplace health policy to reduce the prevalence of high blood pressure and obesity among staff of the university using the integrative workplace health promotion model.

Occupational stress and mental health among civil servants during COVID-19 in China: The mediation effect of social support and work-family conflict.

Mental health problems of various populations during the COVID-19 pandemic have received high attention, but there is little research on the mental health of Chinese civil servants. The present study investigated occupational stress, mental health problems (i.e., anxiety, depression, and insomnia), social support, and work-family conflict in Chinese civil servants during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 327 civil servants in Wenzhou city, China, participated in an online survey, which collected data on socio-demographic characteristics, occupational stress, mental health problems (i.e., anxiety, depression, and insomnia), social support, and work-family conflict. Data were analyzed using non-parametric tests and a multiple mediation model. Self-reported risk at work and support from mental health workers were relatively low. Anxiety, depression, and insomnia prevalence were 49.24 %, 47.1 %, and 20.48 %, respectively. Those who held higher ranks at work had lower levels of anxiety and depression. In addition, those who felt bad about their health status had more mental health problems. Social support and work-family conflict mediated the relationship between occupational stress and mental health problems significantly. Stress management training, organizational-level improvement in work arrangements, and professional mental health services are warranted for Chinese civil servants during the pandemic.

Similarities and differences with the 'general public': Chinese civil servants' attitude to genetically modified organisms and its influencing factors.

This study examines Chinese civil servants' attitudes toward genetically modified organisms by reviewing a national survey of 3,018 Chinese civil servants. The findings show that Chinese civil servants hold a more positive attitude to GMOs than the wider Chinese "general public", with a similar level of genetic scientific literacy and belief in GMOs conspiracy theories and their influence mechanisms. While the Chinese civil servants' occupational literacy plays an important role in their GMOs attitude. This study provides a new mind-set for studying some specific groups' attitudes toward GMOs and related food policies.

The Impact of Psychological Contract, Physical and Mental Health on Burnout in Grassroots Civil Servants: Evidence from China.

Introduction: The report of the 20th Party Congress proposes to build a high-quality cadre capable of taking on the important task of national rejuvenation. Grassroots civil servants are facing great pressure and challenges, and alleviating burnout has become an important issue in the construction of grassroots civil servants. Empirically analysing the impact of psychological contract on burnout of grassroots civil servants in the Chinese context will help to build a high-quality grassroots civil service team. Methods: Using a sample of 1824 grassroots civil servants in China, this study empirically examined the effect of the psychological contract on burnout among grassroots civil servants using the OLS methodology, conducted a robustness test by way of substituting variables and research methods, and then discussed the mediating effect of physical and mental health in the psychological contract and burnout among grassroots civil servants. Results: The study showed that grassroots civil servants' psychological contract had a significant negative impact on burnout; transactional psychological contract was positively related to burnout, and relational and developmental psychological contracts were negatively related to burnout in grassroots civil servants. The results of the heterogeneity analysis showed that the effect of psychological contract on burnout differed by age, gender, exercise frequency, and sleep status. The results of the mediation analysis showed that higher psychological contract scores were related to better physical and mental health, thus inhibiting burnout among grassroots civil servants. This indicates a significant mediation effect of physical and mental health in the relationship between psychological contract and burnout of grassroots civil servants. Conclusion: The psychological contract of grassroots civil servants has a significant negative effect on burnout, and physical and mental health mediate between the two. These conclusions are of great theoretical and practical significance for alleviating the stress of grassroots civil servants and improving their work performance.

The Effect of Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention on Stress and Mental Health Characteristics of Civil Servants in Crete, Greece.

Evidence is limited regarding the effects of holistic programs on work-related stress, anxiety, and depressive symptomatology. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention (PSAI) on stress and mental health characteristics of civil servants in Crete, Greece. This was a single arm interventional study with PSAI outcome evaluation. Validated, self-reported scales were used to assess stress and mental health characteristics (PSS, DASS, UCLA, RSE, and STAXI). Hair samples were obtained to measure cortisol concentrations as a biological stress marker. Paired-samples t-test or Wilcoxon tests were used to evaluate pre- and post-intervention measures. Overall, 48 civil servants (56.3% women, mean age 51 years) participated in the study. Statistically significant reductions were observed in all self-reported stress scales (p < 0.05). Although hair cortisol decreased, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.109). Statistically significant improvements were also observed on depressive symptomatology (p < 0.001), self-esteem (p < 0.001), loneliness (p < 0.001), self-efficacy (p = 0.002), and anger (p = 0.017). The PSAI appeared beneficial with respect to all self-reported outcomes. Larger studies including control groups and further follow-up evaluations are needed to ascertain these findings.

Os ciclos de engajamento no trabalho de servidores públicos federais / Los ciclos de compromiso laboral de los servidores públicos federales / The work engagement cycles of federal civil servants

Resumo Servidores públicos têm diferentes níveis de engajamento no trabalho ao longo da vida laboral. Essas variações, denominadas "ciclos de engajamento no trabalho", ocorrem graças aos recursos disponíveis e às demandas do ambiente de trabalho. Diante disso, o presente artigo busca descrever os ciclos de engajamento no trabalho de servidores públicos federais com base em suas histórias de vida profissional, evidenciando demandas e recursos relevantes do ambiente ocupacional na trajetória dessas pessoas. Usando o modelo job demands-resources (JD-R) e a metodologia de mapas cognitivos, foi possível identificar um ciclo positivo do engajamento no trabalho, um ciclo reforçador - relacionado com oportunidades e valorização - e dois ciclos de desequilíbrio, um ligado à produtividade disfuncional e, outro, à descontinuidade administrativa. A análise dos ciclos de engajamento permitiu identificar recursos do ambiente de trabalho que interferem de diferentes maneiras no engajamento de servidores públicos. Por fim, foi utilizado o conceito de "ciclo de enfrentamento" como subsídio de políticas para servidores desengajados.

Resumen Los servidores públicos tienen diferentes niveles de compromiso en el trabajo a lo largo de su vida laboral. Estas variaciones, llamadas ciclos de compromiso laboral, ocurren debido a los recursos disponibles y las demandas del entorno laboral. Frente a eso, el presente trabajo buscó describir los ciclos de compromiso en el trabajo de los servidores públicos federales a partir de sus historias de vida profesional, destacando demandas y recursos del ambiente laboral relevantes en la trayectoria laboral de esas personas. Utilizando el modelo job demands-resources (JD-R) y la metodología de mapas cognitivos, fue posible identificar un ciclo positivo de compromiso en el trabajo, un ciclo de refuerzo ‒ relacionado con oportunidades y apreciación ‒ y dos ciclos de desequilibrio, uno relacionado con la productividad disfuncional y el otro con la discontinuidad administrativa. El análisis de los ciclos de compromiso permitió identificar los recursos del ambiente de trabajo que interfieren de diferentes formas en el compromiso de los servidores públicos. Finalmente, se utilizó el concepto de "ciclo de afrontamiento" como base de las políticas para los servidores desinteresados.

Abstract Civil servants have different levels of work engagement throughout their working lives. These variations are the work engagement cycles, which occur based on available resources and work environment demands. This study describes the work engagement cycles of federal civil servants based on their professional life histories, highlighting the demands and resources of the work environment in their professional trajectory. Using the job demands-resources (JD-R) model and the cognitive maps methodology, it was possible to identify a positive cycle of work engagement, a reinforcing cycle (related to opportunities and appreciation), and two disequilibrium cycles, one related to dysfunctional productivity and the other to administrative discontinuity. The analysis of the engagement cycles allowed the identification of work environment resources that interfere in the engagement of public servants in different ways. Finally, the concept of "coping cycle" was used as a subsidy of policies for disengaged servants.

Retirement Planning and Financial Anxiety among Nigerian Civil Servants: Insights from Social Comparison Theory.

The psychological implication of retirement is underemphasised. This study examined the relationship between proactive personality, social comparison, and retirement anxiety among Nigerian civil servants. The study is a cross-sectional design, using proactive personality, social comparison orientation, and Nigerian pre-retirement anxiety scales. Five hundred and eight staff members in government-owned tertiary institutions with five years or less to go until retirement, and at a mean age of 57.47 (SD = 3.02), were surveyed. The study established that a proactive personality negatively predicted retirement anxiety and that civil servants engage in diverse forms of intrapreneurship/entrepreneurship to augment their savings. The study also revealed that social comparison (opinion) mediated the relationship between proactive personality and retirement anxiety (financial preparedness and social alienation). In addition, the study found that social comparison (opinion and ability) mediated the relationship between proactive personality and retirement anxiety (financial preparedness) in a sequential order. The findings suggest that retirees in Nigeria face complex challenges, including financial unpreparedness, social alienation, and uncertainty. The study highlights the importance of understanding the relationship between personality traits, social comparison, and retirement anxiety in order to develop effective interventions and policies that support retirees in Nigeria.

An ecological association of number of civil servants and physicians with prefectural-level rapid COVID-19 vaccination of older people in Japan.

BACKGROUND: Civil servants and physicians play an important role in combating COVID-19. However, it is unclear whether the number of civil servants and physicians is associated with rapid COVID-19 vaccine uptake among older people (i.e., smoother rollout of priority vaccination for older people). METHODS: Using Poisson regression models of the generalized estimating equations, we examined the ecological association of the number of civil servants and physicians with prefectural-level rapid COVID-19 vaccination in older people. Prefectural-level data were based on publicly available government surveys. The outcome variable was the proportion of fully vaccinated people aged 65 and older on the day with the largest standard deviation across 47 prefectures (i.e., July 6, 2021). The explanatory variable was the number of civil servants and physicians per population by prefecture. RESULTS: After adjusting for population density, influenza vaccination coverage, socioeconomic factors, natural environmental factors, health indicators, and the number of civil servants and physicians, in all 3 models, prefectures with the highest number of civil servants and physicians had faster COVID-19 vaccine uptake than prefectures with the lowest number. A significant trend between higher staffing levels and more rapid vaccination was observed for the number of physicians in all 3 models, but for the number of civil servants only in one model. CONCLUSION: We found that COVID-19 vaccine uptake among older people was more rapid in prefectures with more civil servants and physicians per population, with the number of physicians having a stronger association. This study may point the way to future areas of research on vaccine policies that include other age groups and infectious diseases.

The Effect of Ultrahigh Altitude on the Mental Health of Civil Servants in Western China Based on Propensity Score Matching.

Wang, Luyao, Bo Zhou, Chenghui Yang, Shuya Pan, Yulan Huang, and Jinyu Wang. The effect of ultrahigh altitude on the mental health of civil servants in western China based on propensity score matching. High Alt Med Biol. 24:193-200, 2023. Objective: This study aims to analyze the net effect of ultrahigh altitude on the mental health of civil servants in western China after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed to survey the mental health of 2,939 civil servants working at an altitude of more than 1,500 m in 13 areas of the Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Ngawa using the Insomnia Severity Index Questionnaire, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Ultrahigh altitude refers to an area above 3,500 m above sea level, which may have an impact on the sleep and mood of residents. Therefore, our research was divided into two groups based on altitude (ultrahigh altitude >3,500 m; high altitude = 1,500-3,400 m). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control for sociodemographic factors and compare the differences in mental health between the two groups. Results: After kernel matching, the mean bias of the covariates was reduced from 21.6 to 1.8. The severity of insomnia, depression, and anxiety in civil servants at ultrahigh altitudes was still significantly greater than that in civil servants at high altitudes after controlling for sociodemographic factors, and the average treatment effects on the treated were 1.39, 1.35, and 0.80, respectively; the results were significant (α < 0.01). PSM regression analysis further showed that for every 100 m increase in altitude, the severity of anxiety, depression, and insomnia increased by 0.042 points (p < 0.001), 0.063 points (p < 0.001), and 0.070 points (p < 0.001), respectively, all of which were higher than those obtained with ordinary least squares regression. Conclusion: Ultrahigh altitude significantly increases the severity of insomnia, depression, and anxiety after adjusting for sociodemographic factors.

The mediating role of work-family conflicts in the association between work ability and depression among Egyptian civil workers.

BACKGROUND: Work ability and work-family conflicts (total-WFCs) were associated with the risk of depression among the working population. METHODS: We recruited 3104 Egyptian civil workers between October 2019 and January 2020. The Work Ability Index (WAI), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) and Midlife Development in the United States questionnaires were used to collect the data. Following Baron and Kenny criteria, the mediation effect of total-WFCs on the association between WAI and CES-D scores was tested by multivariable linear regression models. RESULTS: Findings revealed a high prevalence of depressive symptoms (CES-D score ≥ 16) among Egyptian civil servants (43.4%). There were negative relationships between WAI score and both CES-D score (B = -0.70, P < 0.001) and total-WFCs score (B = -0.22, P < 0.001). Moreover, WAI score was still significantly associated with CES-D score after controlling for total-WFCs score (B = -0.40, P < 0.001) that suggests partial mediation. We estimated that ~44%, 38% and 20% of the total effect of work ability on the risk of depressive symptoms were mediated by total-WFCs, family-to-work conflict and work-to-family conflict, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions aiming for mitigation total-WFCs can help improve employees' mental health and reduce the risk of impaired work ability-related depression.

Variações quantitativas em carreiras de Estado do Poder Executivo federal / Variaciones cuantitativas en carreras del Estado del Poder Ejecutivo federal / Quantitative variations in federal Executive Career Paths

Resumo Este trabalho pretende analisar mudanças quantitativas no número de servidores de algumas carreiras de Estado do Poder Executivo federal entre 2012 e 2022. Para tal, dividiram-se quatro grupos de carreiras civis da administração direta que exercem atividades afins e costumam ser classificadas como típicas de Estado: segurança pública, jurídicas, fiscalização e gestão pública. A escolha por esses grupos se deveu ao fato de que tais carreiras estratégicas com frequência se articulam em conjunto na defesa de seus interesses. Baseando-se em levantamentos realizados pelo Painel Estatístico de Pessoal do Governo Federal, concluiu-se que, durante o período, as carreiras do grupo de segurança pública selecionadas cresceram fortemente (+24%) e ultrapassaram, em número de servidores, as carreiras de fiscalização selecionadas (-27%), que foram reduzidas em proporção semelhante. Individualmente, as carreiras que mais cresceram foram a de policial rodoviário federal (34%) e de analista de comércio exterior (78%). Já as carreiras de auditor-fiscal da Receita Federal e de auditor-fiscal do trabalho foram as que mais diminuíram, perdendo quase um terço de seus servidores ativos cada uma (33% e 33%).

Resumen Este trabajo pretende analizar los cambios cuantitativos en el número de servidores de algunas carreras del Estado del Ejecutivo federal entre 2012 y 2022. Para ello, las carreras civiles de la administración directa que desarrollan actividades similares y son comúnmente catalogadas como propias del Estado se dividieron en cuatro grupos: Seguridad Pública, Jurídica, Inspección y Gestión Pública. La elección de estos grupos de debió a que tales carreras estratégicas frecuentemente se articulan en la defensa de sus intereses. Con base en las encuestas realizadas por el Panel Estadístico del Personal del Gobierno Federal, se concluyó que, durante el período, las carreras del grupo de Seguridad Pública seleccionadas crecieron fuertemente (+24%) y superaron a las carreras de Inspección seleccionadas en número de empleados (-27%), que se redujeron en una proporción similar. De manera individual, las carreras que más crecieron fueron policía federal de caminos (34%) y analista de comercio exterior (78%). Las carreras de inspector fiscal del Ministerio de Hacienda e inspector fiscal del Ministerio de Trabajo fueron las que más declinaron, perdiendo casi un tercio de sus servidores activos cada una (33% y 33%).

Abstract This paper analyzes the quantitative changes in the number of servers of some State Careers of the federal executive branch between 2012 and 2022. Thus, they were divided into four groups of direct administration civil careers that carry out similar activities and are commonly classified as typical of the state: Public Security, Legal, Inspection, and Public Management. Based on surveys carried out by the Statistical Panel of Federal Government Personnel, it was concluded that, during the period, the careers of the selected Public Security group grew strongly (+24%) and surpassed the selected Inspection careers in number of employees (-27%), which were reduced in a similar proportion. Individually, the careers that grew the most were Federal Highway Police (34%) and Foreign Trade Analyst (78%). The careers of Tax Auditor of the Federal Revenue and Labour Tax Auditor were the ones that declined the most, losing almost a third of their active servants each (33% and 33%).

The influence of occupational values on college students' willingness to apply for civil servants: The mediating role of political efficacy.

At present, civil servant positions have become the main employment target of many college students in China, and there is a deep motivation behind this phenomenon. This research conducted an empirical study on college students in 2022 with 566 valid data by using the convenience sampling method. The occupational values scale, political efficacy scale, and the willingness to apply for civil servants scale were used. Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and common method deviation were performed by SPSS 26.0 to test the reliability of each scale and the discriminant validity of variables. In addition, the structural equation model and bias-corrected bootstrap were used to explore the influence of occupational values on college students' willingness to apply for civil servants and analyze the mediating role of political efficacy. The results show that: (1) The dimensions of career stability, prestige value, and public service motivation of occupational values have significant positive impacts on college students' willingness to apply for civil servants, among which public service motivation has the most significant impact. (2) Occupational values have significant positive impacts on college students' political efficacy. (3) Political efficacy has a significant positive impact on the college students' willingness to apply for civil servants. (4) Political efficacy plays a partial mediating role in the transmission path of occupational values and willingness to apply for civil servants. These findings further clarify the logical relationship between occupational values and civil servants' willingness, providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for college educators to implement college students' career education.

Reaching out to men in ending intimate partner violence: a qualitative study among male civil servants in Ibadan, Nigeria.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of male civil servants in Ibadan, Nigeria about the perpetration of IPV and to document their suggested measures to prevent IPV in our communities in Nigeria. METHODS: Four focus group discussions were conducted among 36 male civil servants selected from Oyo State Secretariat, Ibadan using purposive sampling technique. Data were transcribed and analysed using thematic approach. RESULTS: Six major themes were identified; awareness of the forms of IPV, women and men as victims, causes, attitude, consequences as well as the suggested strategies for the prevention of IPV. Physical and psychological abuse were mentioned across the groups. The respondents pointed out that women experience IPV more than men, but that men also experience it. Some respondents stated that physical and psychological abuse against female intimate partners were acceptable in some circumstances according to the societal norms. The negative effects of IPV on physical, mental and social well-being of the individual, families and society were mentioned. Suggested ways of preventing IPV include tolerance and patience which will promote healthy, respectful and non-violent relationships among intimate partners. CONCLUSION: Considering the perceptions and attitudes of these men to IPV, it is important to reach out to both genders for appropriate preventive and educational intervention in ending IPV among women and men.

The Impact of Internet Use on the Happiness of Chinese Civil Servants: A Mediation Analysis Based on Self-Rated Health.

With the rapid socioeconomic development of China, studies related to Internet use and civil servants' happiness have become a research hotspot in Chinese academia. This study empirically analysed the impact of Internet use on the happiness of Chinese civil servants using a sample of 3793 civil servants in Hunan Province, China. It showed that Internet use significantly enhanced the subjective well-being of Chinese civil servants. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis revealed significant heterogeneity in the effect of the Internet on civil servants' happiness, which varied across civil service groups with different education and gender. Moreover, the effect of Internet use on the happiness of the male and better educated civil servant groups was more pronounced than in the female and less educated civil servant groups. Additionally, mediation analysis revealed that Internet use and the happiness of civil servants were not linear, with health having a significant mediating effect. This indicates that Internet use helps civil servants maintain good health, and thereby enhances the happiness of civil servants. In addition, we also use a propensity score matching model (PSM) to address the endogeneity problem due to sample selectivity bias. The results show that the estimates are more robust after eliminating sample selectivity bias. The effect of Internet use on civil servants' subjective well-being would be underestimated if the sample selectivity bias is not removed.

Willingness to pay for social health insurance among public civil servants: A cross-sectional study in Dessie City Administration, North-East Ethiopia.

Background: The readiness to pay for health insurance has an impact on universal health care. This study investigated the willingness of public civil servants in Dessie City Administration, North-East Ethiopia, to pay for social health insurance and associated factors. Methods: From April to May 2021, a cross-sectional study was undertaken. The sectors from which the samples were proportionately allocated were chosen using a multistage sampling procedure. Using their payroll list as a sampling frame, simple random sampling was done to recruit them. A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Epi Data version 3.1 was used to enter, code, and clean the data, which was then exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. To determine relationships, bi-variable and multivariable analyses were utilized. Candidates for multivariable analysis were variables with a p-value ≤ 0.3 in bi-variable analysis. AOR with a 95% CI was used to determine the strength and direction of association. Statistical significance was defined at p-value < 0.05. Results: A total of 796 employees took part in the study, with a 94.42% response rate. Overall, 29.60% of them were willing to pay for the scheme (95% CI: 26.4, 33%). The decision to pay was influenced by favorable perception (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.72, 3.44), household income < Birr 5,000 (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.48), acute illness (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.72), bachelor level education (AOR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.70), master and above level education (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.49), and age 25-29 years (AOR = 1.97, 95 % CI: 1.08, 3.57). Conclusion: The willingness of the civil servants to pay for social health insurance was low, and it was influenced by their attitudes toward the scheme, the occurrence of severe illness, income level, educational status, and age.

Effort-reward imbalance and job strain index associated with health-related quality of life for civil servants in a national survey: the mediation effect of job support and over-commitment.

OBJECTIVES: Work-related stress (WRS) is significantly associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but the amounts of evidence on differences of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and job strain index (JSI) remain sparse and have limited generalizability. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association between ERI and JSI with HRQoL and assess the mediation effect of social support (JS) and over-commitment (OC) on this association in Taiwan's civil servants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional national survey was given to registered civil servants in Taiwan - 20 046 civil servants from 647 institutions were enrolled using multistage stratified random cluster sampling. A web-questionnaire collected demographic information, job characteristics, and different indexes of ERI and job-control-demand-support (JCDS) models. Structural equation model (SEM) was used to examine the association between ERI and JSI with HRQoL, and the mediation effect of JS and OC on the associations. RESULTS: In the ERI model, ERI and OC were consistently negatively associated with the mental component score (MCS) (r = -0.46 and r = -0.37) and physical component score (PCS) (r = -0.45 and r = -0.34), which were higher than job demand (r = -0.28 and r = -0.22) and JSI (r = -0.38 and r = -0.29). Using hierarchical multiple regression analyses, ERI was significantly correlated with MCS and PCS, which was consistently higher than JSI. The ERI and JSI were significantly correlated with MCS (ß = -0.170 and ß = -0.140) and PCS (ß = -0.150 and ß = -0.082) using SEM analysis, whereas ERI was considerably higher than in JSI. In addition, OC and JS mediated the association between The ERI and JSI with HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS: We found the ERI index is significantly correlated with HRQoL superior to JSI, in particular among Taiwan civil servants. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine the causality and spatiotemporal relation of these differences. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(4):425-36.