Effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant therapy in triple-negative breast cancer in a real-world population. / [Artículo traducido] Efectividad y seguridad del tratamiento neoadyuvante del cáncer de mama triple negativo en la vida real.

OBJECTIVE: Triple-negative breast cancer is a subtype of aggressive breast cancer. Our aim is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant treatment in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer and to identify predictors of pathological complete response. METHODS: This is a single-center, retrospective study involving 79 patients with triple-negative breast cancer who initiated neoadjuvant treatment between January 2017 and October 2022. Descriptive analyses were performed as appropriate. Statistical analysis utilized bivariate logistic regression to explore the presence of factors related to pathological complete response, and the Kaplan-Meier method was employed for survival analysis. RESULTS: In the overall population, 27 patients (n = 78; 34.6%) achieved pathological complete response in the breast and axillary lymph nodes, and 31 (n = 73; 42.5%) achieved a grade 5 pathological complete response in the breast, according to the Miller and Payne classification. The addition of platinum to standard therapy improved both breast and axillary lymph node pathological complete response rates. Age less than 40 years was identified as a predictor of pathological complete response in our study population through bivariate analysis, while Ki67 levels lower than 70% were associated with a lower pathological complete response rate. Adverse events were reported in 72 patients (91.1%), with grade 3-5 adverse events observed in 33 (41.8%). There was a particularly notable increase in gastrointestinal and hematological adverse events when platinum was added. CONCLUSIONS: In this population, we observed moderate rates of pathological complete response with acceptable chemotherapy tolerance. Platinum-based chemotherapy appears to enhance the likelihood of achieving pathological complete response, albeit with a less favorable safety profile. Therefore, evaluating the benefit-risk balance is crucial when selecting the optimal chemotherapy regimen for individual patients.

Effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant therapy in triple-negative breast cancer in a real-world population.

OBJECTIVE: Triple-negative breast cancer is a subtype of aggressive breast cancer. Our aim is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant treatment in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer and to identify predictors of pathological complete response. METHODS: This is a single-center, retrospective study involving 79 patients with triple-negative breast cancer who initiated neoadjuvant treatment between January 2017 and October 2022. Descriptive analyses were performed as appropriate. Statistical analysis utilized bivariate logistic regression to explore the presence of factors related to pathological complete response, and the Kaplan-Meier method was employed for survival analysis. RESULTS: In the overall population, 27 patients (n=78; 34.6%) achieved pathological complete response in the breast and axillary lymph nodes, and 31 (n=73; 42.5%) achieved a grade 5 pathological complete response in the breast, according to the Miller and Payne classification. The addition of platinum to standard therapy improved both breast and axillary lymph node pathological complete response rates. Age less than 40 years was identified as a predictor of pathological complete response in our study population through bivariate analysis, while Ki67 levels lower than 70% were associated with a lower pathological complete response rate. Adverse events were reported in 72 patients (91.1%), with grade 3-5 adverse events observed in 33 (41.8%). There was a particularly notable increase in gastrointestinal and hematological adverse events when platinum was added. CONCLUSIONS: In this population, we observed moderate rates of pathological complete response with acceptable chemotherapy tolerance. Platinum-based chemotherapy appears to enhance the likelihood of achieving pathological complete response, albeit with a less favorable safety profile. Therefore, evaluating the benefit-risk balance is crucial when selecting the optimal chemotherapy regimen for individual patients.

Autores clásicos en psiquiatría: evaluación de un modelo de enseñanza de la psicopatología para residentes de psiquiatría / Classical authors in psychiatry: evaluation of a teaching model of psychopathology for psychiatry residents

Introducción: El aprendizaje de la psicopatología ha sido considerado una piedra angular en la formación de los residentes de psiquiatría. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la enseñanza de un curso sobre autores clásicos de la psiquiatría y psicopatología en los residentes del programa de psiquiatría para determinar cambios en el nivel de conocimientos y valoración de la historia y fundamentos de la psicopatología. Método: Estudio de corte transversal pre post, con una encuesta anónima y voluntaria que se aplicó a todos los residentes con evaluación de las características socio demográficas, interés, utilidad y pertinencia de los contenidos, entre otros. Al inicio de cada seminario, evaluación de los conocimientos con una prueba escrita de desarrollo. Resultados: Participaron 24 residentes en total, 14 del programa adultos y 10 de infantojuvenil. La tasa de participación promedio fue de 87,5 por ciento. El 87,5 por ciento declaró tener conocimientos insuficientes o muy insuficientes. Entre las características de los residentes destacaron el interés por el deporte, la música y la literatura. Un 95,8 por ciento se proyecta como clínico y solo un 12,5 por ciento como docente. Al inicio del seminario solo hubo 29,16 por ciento de respuestas correctas en relación al origen y autor de los conceptos psicopatológicos revisados lo que aumentó a 65,4 por ciento al finalizar la serie de seminarios. Un 83 por ciento consideró los seminarios muy interesantes y el 75 por ciento muy útil para conocer la historia de la psiquiatría y mejorar su práctica clínica. Conclusión: La enseñanza de la psicopatología a partir de las descripciones clínicas de autores clásicos de la psiquiatría es altamente valorada por los residentes de psiquiatría en múltiples aspectos incluyendo el enriquecimiento de su práctica clínica.(AU)

Objective: To evaluate the impact of learning psychopathology in seminars, focusing on clinical cases described by classic psychiatry authors. Methods: A specially designed questionnaire was administered to 24 residents of the psychiatry program at the beginning and end of a series of 12 seminars analyzing the life, work and selected clinical cases of classic psychiatry authors including S. Freud, K. Kraepelin, E. Bleuler and K. Schneider. Data were collected included respondents characteristics, how interesting and useful the seminars were perceived to be and respondents' knowledge of classic psychiatry authors. Results: Respondents were interested in sports, music and literature; 95.8 percent regarded themselves as clinicians and 12.5 percent regarded themselves as teachers. The seminars were rated very interesting by 83.0 percent and very useful by 58.3 percent; they were considered to contribute to knowledge of the history of psychiatry, professional development and clinical practice. Most respondents (87.5 percent ) stated that their knowledge of classic authors was inadequate or very inadequate. At the beginning of the seminar series only 29.2 percent of responses about the origin and author of the psychopathological concepts covered in the seminars were correct; increasing to 65.4 percent by the end of the course. Conclusion: Teaching psychopathology through the study of classical cases is valued by residents for various reasons, including its potential to enrich clinical practice.(AU)

Utilización de antipsicóticos en el Hospital Psiquiátrico de La Habana durante los años 2006 y 2007 / Use of antipsychotics at the Psychiatric Hospital of Havana during 2006-2007

Introducción: El descubrimiento de los antipsicóticos constituyó un paso importante en el tratamiento de los trastornos mentales. Debido a los efectos neurológicos adversos asociados a su uso inicialmente se les denominó neurolépticos. Posteriormente surgieron otros antipsicóticos (atípicos), con menor frecuencia de aparición de estos efectos pero con un mayor costo. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es identificar cuál de los dos grupos es el más utilizado en el Hospital Psiquiátrico de La Habana. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional y retrospectivo de todas las órdenes de salida de antipsicóticos de la farmacia hospitalaria durante el período estudiado. Resultados: El grupo de antipsicóticos más utilizado fue el de los clásicos (99,41 por ciento). En el último año estudiado se observó un discreto incremento en el uso de los atípicos con respecto al año anterior (0,84 por ciento vs. 0,37 por ciento). Conclusiones: Los antipsicóticos clásicos son el principal grupo de antipsicóticos utilizados en el Hospital Psiquiátrico de La Habana(AU)

Introduction: The discovery of antipsychotics was an important contribution to the treatment of mental disorders. They were previously named neuroleptics due to the neurological adverse reactions associated to their use. Afterwards, other (atypical) antipsychotics with less frequency of neurological adverse reactions appeared; but with a higher cost. The aim of this work is to identify which of the two groups is more used at the Psychiatric Hospital of Havana. Method and Material: An observational retrospective studied was developed about all antipsychotic orders from the drugstore to the wards of the hospital during 2006- 2007. Results: The classical group of antipsychotics was the most used (99.41 percent). A little increased in the use of atypical antipsychotic was observed in 2007 compared with the previous year(0.84 percent vs 0.37 percent). Conclussions: Classical antipsychotics are the main group of antipsychotics used in the Havana Psychiatric Hospital(AU)