Interim use of Hyrax Screw Assembly for Single-Step Closure of Small Alveolar Cleft before Anterior Maxillary Distraction Osteogenesis.

Anterior maxillary distraction osteogenesis (AMDO) is often used for the correction of maxillary retrognathia in select cleft lip and palate cases. The restoration of alveolar arch continuity is desirable before the initiation of AMDO in these cleft maxillary deformities; however, AMDO is technically difficult in a patient with coexisting alveolar cleft where there is a discontinuity of the defect that presents a challenge in terms of adequate vector control of the movement of the anterior segment and the potential risk of tipping of teeth, which already have compromised anchorage/bone support on the cleft side. The treatment becomes more challenging when ongoing management is compounded by failed previous alveolar cleft grafting procedures, along with the patient's reluctance to undergo further grafting of alveolar clefts. This technical note demonstrates a novel application of the modification of the Hyrax screw where an initially fully opened Hyrax screw was utilised as an interim assembly for accomplishing the single-step closure of a small alveolar cleft before the commencement of anterior maxillary distraction osteogenesis. This technique may prove to be feasible for patients presenting with alveolar cleft defects of smaller widths of up to 5 mm and relatively well-aligned upper arches.

Toward Biofabrication of Resorbable Implants Consisting of a Calcium Phosphate Cement and Fibrin-A Characterization In Vitro and In Vivo.

Cleft alveolar bone defects can be treated potentially with tissue engineered bone grafts. Herein, we developed novel biphasic bone constructs consisting of two clinically certified materials, a calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and a fibrin gel that were biofabricated using 3D plotting. The fibrin gel was loaded with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) derived from bone marrow. Firstly, the degradation of fibrin as well as the behavior of cells in the biphasic system were evaluated in vitro. Fibrin degraded quickly in presence of MSC. Our results showed that the plotted CPC structure acted slightly stabilizing for the fibrin gel. However, with passing time and fibrin degradation, MSC migrated to the CPC surface. Thus, the fibrin gel could be identified as cell delivery system. A pilot study in vivo was conducted in artificial craniofacial defects in Lewis rats. Ongoing bone formation could be evidenced over 12 weeks but the biphasic constructs were not completely osseous integrated. Nevertheless, our results show that the combination of 3D plotted CPC constructs and fibrin as suitable cell delivery system enables the fabrication of novel regenerative implants for the treatment of alveolar bone defects.

Association analysis of GWAS hits and non-syndromic cleft lip with/without palate with cleft alveolar in Han population of western China.

Cleft alveolar is often accompanied by non-syndromic cleft lip with/without palate (NSCL/P), which could seriously affect the growth and development of the maxilla. In this study, we assessed the associations between 47 susceptible SNPs from previous GWASs of NSCL/P and cleft alveolar in Western Han Chinese population. We recruited 228 trios of NSCL/P with cleft alveolar (156 males and 72 females). The 47 SNPs were genotyped by SNPscan method; Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test, TDT and parent-of-origin effects were analyzed by PLINK; linkage disequilibrium analysis was conducted by Haploview software. TDT analysis revealed FOXE1 rs894673 (P = 0.0071, ORtransmission = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16-0.78) and rs3758249 (P = 0.0071, ORtransmission = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16-0.78) were associated with NSCL/P accompanied cleft alveolar bone. Parent-of-origin effect analysis revealed a paternal special under-transmission of allele A at rs894673 (P = 0.039), allele T at rs3759249 (P = 0.039), and allele T at rs4460498 (P = 0.039) of FOXE1. Allele A at rs987525 showed a significant paternal over-transmission (P = 0.0077). Pairwise LD analysis showed strong LD among rs894673, rs3759249 and rs4460498 (r2 > 0.95, D' = 1). To conclude, our findings indicated that FOXE1 is the susceptible gene for cleft alveolar accompanied by NSCL/P.

Repair of cleft alveolar bone with bioactive glass material using Z-plasty flap.

UNLABELLED: Multiple literature addresses cleft alveolar bone, with little consensus on the preferred surgical technique. Hence, we described a transoral approach for repair of cleft alveolar bone with Z-plasty and using bioactive glass. STUDY DESIGN: Case presentation and surgical technique description. In conclusion, transoral mucosal repair cleft alveolar bone Z-plasty using bioactive glass demonstrated an alternative easy and simple approach for augmentation of unilateral alveolar cleft patients.

Application of spiral computed tomography to evaluate the autogenous grafted bone in unilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients following early orthodontic tooth movement / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of autogenous bone grafts in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients following early orthodontic tooth movement,and to determine the volume of new bone formation in the bone grafted region with spiral computed tomography.Methods Computed tomography scans of 12 patients were taken immediately preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively.The patients underwent bone grafting between 9 and 13 years of age were divided into two groups based on whether postoperative orthodontic tooth movement were initiated or not.Three-dimensional models were created in each period,and the defect of alveolar cleft and volume of the newly formed bone were calculated in each patient.The roots of the moved teeth and their positions to the alveolar bone were also observed.Results The preoperative cleft width and cleft volume were not significantly different between both groups.The volume of the newly formed bone in group A was (0.98±0.23) mm3,significantly higher than that in group B,which was (0.73± 0.15) mm3.The rate of newly formed bone in group A was (72.5 ± 11.9)％,significantly higher than that in group B,which was (53.2±9.7)％.The cleft adjacent teeth could move smoothly into the bone grated area,with no root resorption observed in the computed tomography scans.Conclusions Early orthodontic tooth movement can reduce bone resorption in autogenous bone grafted unilateral cleft lip and palate patients through the observation of spiral computed tomography.It plays an active role in the bone remolding process after bone grafting.

Three dimensional analysis of alveolar arch in the infants with unilateral cleft palate / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the rule of the alignment of the major and minor segments of the maxillary alvedar bone in infants with comp lete unilateral cleft palate (CUCP).Methods: 30 models of CUCP were used in the study,Markers on the model were designed.The lenth,width, midline and the malposition of minor and major segments on both sides of the cle ft were measured and analyzed.The models of 9 normal infants were employed as th e controls.Results: In CUCP group,the width of alvelar arc h was found significantly larger ( P