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1.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 37: e37087, Jan.-Dec. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1359331

ABSTRACT

Gherkin seeds usually show irregular physiological quality. Seed production requires fast and reliable tests to evaluate seed quality. Germination test is considered a recognized analysis method; however, seed technology has pursuit the improvement of vigor tests aiming the evaluation of seed's physiological potential. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate procedures to perform the test of accelerated aging and determine the physiological and sanitary potential of gherkin seeds. Four seed lots of cultivar Liso Calcuta were used in the study. To evaluate the initial physiological quality the water content was determined and germination and emergence tests, as well as indices of germination speed and emergence speed were used. The accelerated aging test was performed as traditionally and with saturated saline solution, with 48, 72 and 96 hours, at temperatures of 41oC and 45oC. After aging, the water content was determined, and seeds' germination and sanity tests were performed. The experiment was set under a completely random design in factorial 4x3x2 (lots x aging periods x temperatures). The standard accelerated aging test and the test with saturated saline solution at 41oC for 96 hours were efficient to evaluate the vigor of gherkin seeds. Saturated saline solution provides uniform water absorption and deterioration in gherkin seeds, allowing to discriminate seed lots in different vigor levels. The salinity test after accelerated aging with saline solution reduces the incidence of some fungi.


Subject(s)
Seeds/physiology , Cucumis
2.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; Electron. j. biotechnol;18(4): 295-301, July 2015. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-757867

ABSTRACT

Background The effect of polyamines (PAs) along with cytokinins (TDZ and BAP) and auxin (IBA) was induced by the multiple shoot regeneration from leaf explants of gherkin (Cucumis anguria L.). The polyphenolic content, antioxidant and antibacterial potential were studied from in vitro regenerated and in vivo plants. Results Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3% sucrose containing a combination of 3.0 µM TDZ, 1.0 µM IBA and 75 µM spermidine induced maximum number of shoots (45 shoots per explant) was achieved. Regenerated shoots elongated in shoot elongation medium containing 1.5 µM GA3 and 50 µM spermine. The well-developed shoots were transferred to root induction medium containing 1.0 µM IBA and 50 µM putrescine. Rooted plants were hardened and successfully established in soil with a 95% survival rate. Twenty-five phenolic compounds were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analysis The individual polyphenolic compounds, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and antibacterial potential were significantly higher with in vitro regenerated plants than in vivo plants. Conclusions Plant growth regulators (PGRs) and PAs had a significant effect on in vitro plant regeneration and also a biochemical accumulation of flavonols, hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in C. anguria. Due to these metabolic variations, the antioxidant and antibacterial activities were increased with in vitro regenerated plants than in vivo plants. This is the first report describing the production of phenolic compounds and biological activities from in vitro and in vivo regenerated plants of C. anguria.


Subject(s)
Cucumis/growth & development , Cucumis/chemistry , Phenolic Compounds/analysis , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Antioxidants , Plant Growth Regulators , Regeneration , Biological Products , In Vitro Techniques , Plant Shoots , Phytochemicals
3.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 34(6): 2753-2762, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1499412

ABSTRACT

The gherkin is quite grown in northern and northeastern Brazil by uses water from wells often exhibit high levels of salt. Therefore, this paper aimed to evaluate the behavior of three gherkin cultivars when subjected to salt stress by soaking the seeds and irrigation at different levels of salinity. The treatments were completely randomized in factorial scheme 2 x 3 x 6 (seeds treated with and without pre-soaking in saline solution (5.2 g L-1), three cultivars of cucumber (Northeast, North and 163), and six levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.65 - control, 1.30, 2.15, 3.0, 3.85, 4.70 dS m-1) with four replications. One assessed the seedling emergence, emergence rate index, shoot length, leaf area, stem diameter and dry mass of shoots. The treatment of pre-germination of seeds of cucumber with saline (5.2 g L-1) provided greater seedling emergence index and emergence rate. On the other hand, the salinity of irrigation water reduced seedling emergence, emergence rate index, shoot length, leaf area, stem diameter and dry matter Air. Cultivars Northeast and 163 stood out as the most tolerant to salinity due to higher estimates of seedling emergence, speed of emergence and shoot dry mass of seedlings.


O maxixe é bastante cultivado no norte e nordeste do Brasil por pequenos produtores, onde a maioria destes faz uso da irrigação com águas oriundas de poços rasos, apresentando qualidade inferior, com elevados níveis de salinidade. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento de três cultivares de maxixe quando submetidas ao estresse salino, por meio da embebição das sementes e irrigação em diferentes níveis de salinidade. Os tratamentos foram instalados no delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 x 6 (sementes tratadas com e sem pré-embebição em solução salina de NaCl (5,2 g L-1), três cultivares de maxixe (Do Norte, Nordestino e 163), e seis níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,65 - testemunha; 1,30; 2,15; 3,0; 3,85; 4,70 dS m-1), com quatro repetições de 50 sementes por tratamento. Avaliou-se a emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento da parte aérea, área foliar, diâmetro do colo e massa seca da parte aérea. O tratamento pré-germinativo de sementes de maxixe com solução salina (5,2 g L-1) proporcionou maior emergência de plântula e índice de velocidade de emergência. Por outro lado, a salinidade da água de irrigação a partir de 2,15 dS m-1 reduziu a emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento da parte aérea, área foliar, diâmetro do colo e massa seca d

4.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 34(6): 2753-2762, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-471929

ABSTRACT

The gherkin is quite grown in northern and northeastern Brazil by uses water from wells often exhibit high levels of salt. Therefore, this paper aimed to evaluate the behavior of three gherkin cultivars when subjected to salt stress by soaking the seeds and irrigation at different levels of salinity. The treatments were completely randomized in factorial scheme 2 x 3 x 6 (seeds treated with and without pre-soaking in saline solution (5.2 g L-1), three cultivars of cucumber (Northeast, North and 163), and six levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.65 - control, 1.30, 2.15, 3.0, 3.85, 4.70 dS m-1) with four replications. One assessed the seedling emergence, emergence rate index, shoot length, leaf area, stem diameter and dry mass of shoots. The treatment of pre-germination of seeds of cucumber with saline (5.2 g L-1) provided greater seedling emergence index and emergence rate. On the other hand, the salinity of irrigation water reduced seedling emergence, emergence rate index, shoot length, leaf area, stem diameter and dry matter Air. Cultivars Northeast and 163 stood out as the most tolerant to salinity due to higher estimates of seedling emergence, speed of emergence and shoot dry mass of seedlings.


O maxixe é bastante cultivado no norte e nordeste do Brasil por pequenos produtores, onde a maioria destes faz uso da irrigação com águas oriundas de poços rasos, apresentando qualidade inferior, com elevados níveis de salinidade. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento de três cultivares de maxixe quando submetidas ao estresse salino, por meio da embebição das sementes e irrigação em diferentes níveis de salinidade. Os tratamentos foram instalados no delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 x 6 (sementes tratadas com e sem pré-embebição em solução salina de NaCl (5,2 g L-1), três cultivares de maxixe (Do Norte, Nordestino e 163), e seis níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,65 - testemunha; 1,30; 2,15; 3,0; 3,85; 4,70 dS m-1), com quatro repetições de 50 sementes por tratamento. Avaliou-se a emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento da parte aérea, área foliar, diâmetro do colo e massa seca da parte aérea. O tratamento pré-germinativo de sementes de maxixe com solução salina (5,2 g L-1) proporcionou maior emergência de plântula e índice de velocidade de emergência. Por outro lado, a salinidade da água de irrigação a partir de 2,15 dS m-1 reduziu a emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento da parte aérea, área foliar, diâmetro do colo e massa seca d

5.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 32(4): 1203-1208, jul.-ago. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-489957

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a produção de maxixe em função de doses de P2O5, em Neossolo Regolítico Psamítico Típico. A pesquisa foi conduzida na área experimental da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, em Areia, entre maio e setembro/2006. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 e 300 kg ha-1 de P2O5), e quatro repetições. Foram utilizadas parcelas com 32 plantas, espaçadas de 2,00 x 1,00 m. O número máximo de frutos por planta (27) foi obtido na dose máxima de 300 kg ha-1 de P2O5. A produção máxima estimada de frutos (14,5 t ha-1) ocorreu com 192 kg ha-1 de P2O5. A dose de P2O5 que proporcionou maior retorno econômico foi 185 kg ha-1, com produção de 14490 kg ha-1 de frutos, o que representa um incremento de 11575 kg ha-1 de frutos. A dose mais econômica representou 96 por cento daquela responsável pela máxima produção. O teor de P Mehlich no solo que se correlacionou com a máxima produção foi 145 mg dm-3 e com a máxima econômica foi 142 mg dm-3 de P.


The aim of this work was to evaluate the gherkin yield in function of levels of P2O5, in Quartz Psamment. The research was carried out at Universidade Federal of Paraíba, in Areia, Brazil, from may to september/2006. The experimental design was the one randomized blocks, with five treatments (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5), and four replications. Plots contained 32 plants, spaced 2.00 x 1.00 m. The maximum number of fruits per plant (27) was obtained with the maximum level of 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The estimated maximum yield of fruits (14521 kg ha-1), was related with 192 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The of P2O5 level that provided larger economical income was 185 kg ha-1 yielding 14490 kg ha-1 of fruits, with an increase of fruits in the order of 11575 kg ha-1. The most economical level represented 96 percent of the one responsible for the maximum yield. The text of P Mehlich in the soil that had correlated with the maximum yield was 145 mg dm-3 and with the economical maximum was 142 mg dm-3 of P.

6.
Sci. agric ; 61(1)2004.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1496397

ABSTRACT

Paulista gherkin is a new gherkin type obtained by crossing Cucumis anguria var. anguria x C. anguria var. longaculeatus. It differs from common gherkin in its fruits and leaves. Elite lines of Paulista gherkin present similar performance for total yield and fruit weight but some have distinctive characteristics, including fruit and leaf attributes. The combination of these characteristics through production of Paulista gherkin hybrids could be an alternative for fruit quality and/or yield improvement. The purpose of the present work was to compare the yield of Paulista gherkin lines and their hybrids grown on a trellis net under field conditions. Four lines and their six single-cross hybrids were evaluated for yield and fruit production using the trellised net production system. Seedlings were produced in polystyrene trays with 128 cells, and transplanted to the middle of 1.20 m wide beds. Plants were trained without pruning on netting having 0.1 x 0.1 m openings. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replicates and seven plants per plot. Yield was expressed as number of fruits and total weight of fruits per plot. Length, width and fruit flesh thickness were also evaluated, with five samples per plot in two harvesting times. Hybrids and their parental lines were similar in fruit yield and quality. The trellised net was suitable for Paulista gherkin production and provided adequate support to the plants. The trellis technique is suitable to make harvesting easier and to improve fruit quality.


Maxixe Paulista é um novo tipo de maxixe derivado originalmente do cruzamento de Cucumis anguria var. anguria x Cucumis anguria var. longaculeatus, com características distintas de fruto e folhas. Apesar das linhagens elite apresentarem comportamento semelhante em termos de produção total e peso médio de frutos, algumas características são peculiares a cada uma delas. A combinação dessas características através de produção de híbridos poderia ser uma alternativa para aumentar a qualidade e/ou a produção de frutos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi comparar a produção de linhagens e híbridos de Maxixe Paulista cultivadas em campo, com práticas de tutoramento em rede agrícola. Foram avaliadas quatro linhagens e seis híbridos simples, quanto ao comportamento e produção de frutos no sistema de cultivo tutorado em rede agrícola. As mudas foram obtidas em bandejas de poliestireno expandido e transplantadas para linha central de canteiros de 1,20 m de largura. As plantas foram conduzidas sem poda e tutoradas em rede agrícola com malha de 0,10 x 0,10 m. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e parcela de sete plantas. A produção foi expressa em número e massa total de frutos/parcela. Avaliaram-se características de fruto como comprimento, largura e espessura de polpa, em amostragem de cinco frutos/parcela, em duas colheitas. A produção e a qualidade dos frutos dos híbridos foram equivalentes à das linhagens. A rede agrícola se mostrou adequada para o cultivo de Maxixe Paulista na forma tutorada. Esta técnica de condução facilita a colheita e melhora a qualidade dos frutos.

7.
Sci. agric. ; 61(1)2004.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-439838

ABSTRACT

Paulista gherkin is a new gherkin type obtained by crossing Cucumis anguria var. anguria x C. anguria var. longaculeatus. It differs from common gherkin in its fruits and leaves. Elite lines of Paulista gherkin present similar performance for total yield and fruit weight but some have distinctive characteristics, including fruit and leaf attributes. The combination of these characteristics through production of Paulista gherkin hybrids could be an alternative for fruit quality and/or yield improvement. The purpose of the present work was to compare the yield of Paulista gherkin lines and their hybrids grown on a trellis net under field conditions. Four lines and their six single-cross hybrids were evaluated for yield and fruit production using the trellised net production system. Seedlings were produced in polystyrene trays with 128 cells, and transplanted to the middle of 1.20 m wide beds. Plants were trained without pruning on netting having 0.1 x 0.1 m openings. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replicates and seven plants per plot. Yield was expressed as number of fruits and total weight of fruits per plot. Length, width and fruit flesh thickness were also evaluated, with five samples per plot in two harvesting times. Hybrids and their parental lines were similar in fruit yield and quality. The trellised net was suitable for Paulista gherkin production and provided adequate support to the plants. The trellis technique is suitable to make harvesting easier and to improve fruit quality.


Maxixe Paulista é um novo tipo de maxixe derivado originalmente do cruzamento de Cucumis anguria var. anguria x Cucumis anguria var. longaculeatus, com características distintas de fruto e folhas. Apesar das linhagens elite apresentarem comportamento semelhante em termos de produção total e peso médio de frutos, algumas características são peculiares a cada uma delas. A combinação dessas características através de produção de híbridos poderia ser uma alternativa para aumentar a qualidade e/ou a produção de frutos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi comparar a produção de linhagens e híbridos de Maxixe Paulista cultivadas em campo, com práticas de tutoramento em rede agrícola. Foram avaliadas quatro linhagens e seis híbridos simples, quanto ao comportamento e produção de frutos no sistema de cultivo tutorado em rede agrícola. As mudas foram obtidas em bandejas de poliestireno expandido e transplantadas para linha central de canteiros de 1,20 m de largura. As plantas foram conduzidas sem poda e tutoradas em rede agrícola com malha de 0,10 x 0,10 m. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e parcela de sete plantas. A produção foi expressa em número e massa total de frutos/parcela. Avaliaram-se características de fruto como comprimento, largura e espessura de polpa, em amostragem de cinco frutos/parcela, em duas colheitas. A produção e a qualidade dos frutos dos híbridos foram equivalentes à das linhagens. A rede agrícola se mostrou adequada para o cultivo de Maxixe Paulista na forma tutorada. Esta técnica de condução facilita a colheita e melhora a qualidade dos frutos.

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