Self-Guided Mental Health Apps Targeting Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: The use of mental health apps (MHAs) is increasing rapidly. However, little is known about the use of MHAs by racial and ethnic minority groups. OBJECTIVE: In this review, we aimed to examine the acceptability and effectiveness of MHAs among racial and ethnic minority groups, describe the purposes of using MHAs, identify the barriers to MHA use in racial and ethnic minority groups, and identify the gaps in the literature. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted on August 25, 2023, using Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, PsycExtra, and MEDLINE. Articles were quality appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and data were extracted and summarized to form a narrative synthesis. RESULTS: A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were primarily conducted in the United States, and the MHAs designed for racial and ethnic minority groups included ¡Aptívate!, iBobbly, AIMhi- Y, BRAVE, Build Your Own Theme Song, Mindful You, Sanadak, and 12 more MHAs used in 1 study. The MHAs were predominantly informed by cognitive behavioral therapy and focused on reducing depressive symptoms. MHAs were considered acceptable for racial and ethnic minority groups; however, engagement rates dropped over time. Only 2 studies quantitatively reported the effectiveness of MHAs among racial and ethnic minority groups. Barriers to use included the repetitiveness of the MHAs, stigma, lack of personalization, and technical issues. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the growing interest in MHAs, the available evidence for MHAs for racial and ethnic minority groups appears limited. Although the acceptability seems consistent, more research is needed to support the effectiveness of MHAs. Future research should also prioritize studies to explore the specific needs of racial and ethnic minority groups if MHAs are to be successfully adopted.

Material didáctico para el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa audio-oral en la educación médica de posgrado

Fundamento: El conocimiento del inglés como el idioma empleado globalmente en diversos sectores, se ha convertido, junto a las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, es una herramienta de formación, trabajo y entretenimiento indispensable; el dominio de este posibilita las relaciones de cooperación e intercambio de profesionales del sector de la salud en varios países. Objetivo: Diseñar un material didáctico para el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa audio-oral en inglés en estudiantes de posgrado de la carrera de Medicina, mediante el empleo de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación de desarrollo con enfoque mixto en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín durante el período marzo-julio de 2022. Se asumió el método dialéctico materialista como concepción general de la investigación y se emplearon otros del nivel teórico: histórico-lógico, análisis y síntesis e inducción deducción, sistémico-estructural-funcional y revisión documental; empíricos: encuesta, entrevista y observación participativa. Resultados: Las principales dificultades estuvieron relacionadas con el insuficiente tratamiento de la competencia comunicativa audio-oral en inglés, se constató la importancia de la misma dentro del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del inglés, pues establece las pautas generales que se deben seguir para una comunicación efectiva y se instituye desde una mirada holística del acto comunicativo del profesional. Conclusiones: Los especialistas valoraron el material como adecuado por su estructura y factibilidad para su implementación. Después de su aplicación se evidenció su efectividad en la consolidación del aprendizaje en este nivel educacional a través de la preparación idiomática.

Background: Knowledge of English as the language used globally in various sectors, has increasingly become, together with information and communications technologies, an indispensable training, work and entertainment tool in the current era. Its domain enables cooperation relations and exchange of professionals in the health sector in various countries. Objective: To design a didactic material for the development of audio-oral communicative competence in English in postgraduate medical students, through the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Methods: A development research with a mixed approach was carried out at the Holguín University of Medical Sciences during the period March-July 2022. It was assumed the dialectical materialist method as the general conception of the research and others of the theoretical level: historical- logical, analysis and synthesis and induction deduction, systemic-structural-functional and documentary review; empirical: survey, interview and participatory observation. Results: The main difficulties were related to an insufficient treatment of audio-oral communicative competence in English, it was confirmed its importance within the teaching-learning process of English, since it establishes the general guidelines that must be followed for an effective communication. Moreover, it is instituted from a holistic view of the professional communicative act. Conclusions: The specialists assessed the material as adequate due to its structure and feasibility for its implementation. After its application, it was evidenced its effectiveness in consolidating learning in this educational level through language training.

Desarrollo del inglés oral a través del aprendizaje a distancia y las nuevas tecnologías / Developing oral English through distance learning and new technologies

Fundamento: La enseñanza del idioma inglés constituye una prioridad en la preparación integral de los profesionales de la salud. En las circunstancias actuales la modalidad de educación a distancia es una vía para garantizar la continuidad del proceso docente-educativo en la educación médica superior. Objetivo: Diseñar para su implementación un sistema de tareas docentes que contribuya a desarrollar la habilidad de expresión oral en inglés a través de la educación a distancia en los estudiantes de 2.do año de Medicina. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio experimental en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín durante el período de marzo hasta septiembre de 2021. Se utilizó el método dialéctico materialista como concepción metodológica general de la investigación y se emplearon otros del nivel teórico: análisis y síntesis, inducción-deducción, sistémico-estructural-funcional, histórico-lógico y modelación; empíricos: análisis documental, encuesta, observación de clases, y estadísticos. Resultados: Las principales dificultades estuvieron relacionadas con limitaciones en el tratamiento de la expresión oral en inglés, la insuficiente preparación de los estudiantes en torno a la temática abordada y sus limitaciones en la habilidad de expresión oral en este idioma, por lo que se elaboró un sistema de tareas docentes para solucionar estos aspectos. Conclusiones: Los especialistas valoraron el sistema como adecuado por su estructura y factibilidad de implementación, contribuyó de forma efectiva en la consolidación de la formación cultural y en el plano motivacional.

Background: English language teaching is a priority in the comprehensive preparation of medical professionals. In the current circumstances, distance education is a way to continue the teaching-learning process in higher medical education. Objective: To design for its implementation a system of learning tasks aimed at developing oral expression skills in English through distance education in 2.nd year medical students. Methodology: It was adopted the materialist dialectical method as the general methodological conception of the research, and other methods, from the theoretical level: analysis and synthesis, induction-deduction, systemic-structural-functional, historical-logical and modeling; empirical: documentary analysis, survey, class observation and statistical procedures. Result: The main difficulties were related to the limitations in the treatment of the oral expression in the English language, insufficient preparation of the students on the analyzed topic and their limited ability to develop oral expression in this language, so a system of learning tasks was developed to solve these aspects. Conclusions: The experts considered the system adequate in terms of its structure and feasibility of implementation, contributing effectively to the consolidation of cultural training and at the motivational level.

Cacto development: care program for mothers of children with congenital zika syndrome / Desarrollo de cacto: programa de atención a madres de niños con síndrome de zika congénito / Desenvolvimento do cacto: programa de cuidado às mães de crianças com síndrome congênita do zika

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a unitary caring program for mothers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome. Method: this is a methodological study, based on Unitary Caring Science, developed in two phases: creation, consisting of six moments, and content validity, through the participation of 36 experts on the subject, professional caregivers and mothers. The Content Validity Index and the Content Validity Ratio were used for data analysis. Results: the program was named CACTO, composed of seven care modalities: Taking care of my mind; Upright and correct position; Taking care of my sleep; Family that is together; Mirror mirror on the wall; Mother who takes care of mother; Facing prejudices. CACTO was validated with a Content Validity Index ≥0.88 and critical Content Validity Ratio values greater than or equal to the cutoff point defined for each group of experts. Conclusion: the translation of Unitary Caring Science into a care program encourages professionals to promote innovative care, valuing acceptance, autonomy, citizenship and critical awareness, advocating in favor of emancipatory interactional care. CACTO is a technological innovation that can transform professional care, promote the resolution of mothers' health needs and enhance the quality of life of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome, family and caregivers themselves.

RESUMEN Objetivo: desarrollar un programa de atención unitaria para madres de niños con síndrome congénito causado por el virus Zika. Método: estudio metodológico, basado en la Ciencia del Cuidado Unitario, desarrollado en dos fases: creación, compuesta por seis momentos, y validación de contenido a través de la participación de 36 expertos en el tema, cuidadores profesionales y madres. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron el Índice de Validez de Contenido y la Razón de Validez de Contenido. Resultados: el programa se denominó CACTO, compuesto por siete modalidades de atención: Cuidando mi mente; Posición erguida y correcta; Cuidando mi sueño; Familia que llega junta; Espejo, espejo mío; Madre que cuida a la madre; Enfrentando los prejuicios. CACTO fue validado con un Índice de Validez de Contenido ≥0.88 y valores críticos de Relación de Validez de Contenido mayores o iguales al punto de corte definido para cada grupo de expertos. Conclusión: la traducción de la Ciencia del Cuidado Unitario en un programa de cuidado alienta a los profesionales a promover un cuidado innovador, valorando la aceptación, la autonomía, la ciudadanía y la conciencia crítica, abogando por el cuidado interaccional emancipador. El CACTO es una innovación tecnológica que puede transformar la atención profesional, promover la resolución de las necesidades de salud de las madres y mejorar la calidad de vida de los niños con síndrome congénito causado por el virus Zika, la familia y los propios cuidadores.

RESUMO Objetivo: desenvolver um programa de cuidado unitário às mães de crianças com Síndrome Congênita do vírus Zika. Método: estudo metodológico, fundamentado na Ciência do Cuidado Unitário, desenvolvido em duas fases: criação, constituída por seis momentos, e validação de conteúdo mediante participação de 36 experts na temática, cuidadoras profissionais e mães. O Índice de Validação de Conteúdo e o Content Validity Ratio foram utilizados para análise dos dados. Resultados: o programa foi nomeado de CACTO, composto por sete modalidades de cuidado: Cuidando da minha mente; Posição ereta e correta; Cuidando do meu sono; Família que chega junto; Espelho espelho meu; Mãe que cuida de mãe; Enfrentando preconceitos. O CACTO foi validado com Índice de Validação de Conteúdo ≥0,88 e valores do Content Validity Ratio crítico maior ou igual ao ponto de corte definido para cada grupo de experts. Conclusão: a translação da Ciência do Cuidado Unitário em programa de cuidado estimula as profissionais a promoverem cuidados inovadores, valorizando o acolhimento, autonomia, cidadania e consciência crítica, advogando em favor do cuidado interacional emancipatório. O CACTO é uma inovação tecnológica que pode transformar os cuidados profissionais, promover resolutividade das necessidades de saúde das mães e potencializar qualidade de vida da criança com Síndrome Congênita do vírus Zika, família e das próprias cuidadoras.

Ações e atitudes das enfermeiras na abordagem das parturientes sobre tecnologias não invasivas de cuidado / Nurse's actions and attitudes in approaching parturient women on non-invasive care technologies / Acciones y actitudes de las enfermeras en el enfoque de las parturientas sobre tecnologías de cuidado no invasivas

Objetivos: conhecer as ações das enfermeiras obstétricas para mobilizar as parturientes quanto ao uso das tecnologias não invasivas de cuidado; e discutir as atitudes destas profissionais diante da não adesão das parturientes a estas tecnologias. Método: estudo qualitativo e exploratório, com 17 enfermeiras obstétricas. Os dados foram coletados de novembro de 2019 a janeiro de 2020, através de entrevistas, submetidos à análise temática e discutidos à luz do conceitos da Teoria de Madeleine Leininger. Resultados: as mulheres são mobilizadas com as seguintes ações: construção de vínculo; compartilhamento de saberes; colaboração de outras enfermeiras; e incentivo à participação do acompanhante. Diante da não adesão, as atitudes das enfermeiras perpassam pela negociação ou imposição cultural. Conclusão: Incorporar os valores da parturiente no processo de cuidar é fundamental para evitar o choque cultural, seja por meio da negociação do cuidado desmedicalizado ou da preservação do padrão medicalizado.

Objective: to learn what action is taken by obstetric nurses to mobilize parturient women towards the use non-invasive care technologies; and to discuss nurses' attitudes to parturients' non-adherence to these technologies. Method: in this exploratory, qualitative study, with 17 obstetric nurses, data were collected through interviews, from November 2019 to January 2020, subjected to thematic analysis and discussed in light of the concepts of Madeleine Leininger's Theory. Results: women were mobilized by the following actions: bonding; knowledge sharing; collaboration from other nurses; and encouragement for companion participation. Faced with non-adherence to technologies, nurses' actions hinge on negotiation or cultural imposition. Conclusion: incorporating the mother's values into the care process, either by negotiating de-medicalized care or maintaining standard medicalized care, is essential in order to avoid culture shock.

Objetivo: conocer las acciones de las enfermeras obstétricas para movilizar a las parturientas sobre el uso de tecnologías de atención no invasivas; y discutir las actitudes de estos profesionales frente a la no adherencia de las parturientas a estas tecnologías. Método: estudio cualitativo y exploratorio, junto a 17 enfermeras obstétricas. Los datos fueron recolectados de noviembre de 2019 a enero de 2020, a través de entrevistas, sometidos a análisis temático y discutidos a la luz de los conceptos de la Teoría de Madeleine Leininger. Resultados: las mujeres se movilizan con las siguientes acciones: construcción de vínculos; intercambio de conocimientos; colaboración de otras enfermeras; y fomento a la participación del acompañante. Frente a la no adherencia, las actitudes de los enfermeros pasan por la negociación o imposición cultural. Conclusión: Incorporar los valores de la madre en el proceso de cuidado es fundamental para evitar el choque cultural, ya sea a través de la negociación de la atención desmedicalizada o la preservación del estándar medicalizado.

Mamografia de rastreamento, atenção primária e decisão compartilhada: a voz das mulheres / Screening mammography, primary care, and shared decision-making: the voice of women

Em relação à última diretriz brasileira do Instituto Nacional do Câncer/Ministério da Saúde sobre a detecção precoce do câncer de mama, destacamos as incertezas sobre a tomada de decisão compartilhada relativas a benefícios e riscos do rastreamento mamográfico. Este artigo expressa as percepções de usuárias de serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde sobre a decisão compartilhada nesse cenário, sendo resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa que utilizou grupos focais, como instrumentos de produção de dados, e análise de conteúdo temática, para a sistematização de resultados. As participantes revelaram não participarem dedecisão compartilhada no rastreamento mamográfico, o que nos leva a ressaltar a importância de nortear os cuidados em saúde com base em tecnologias leves, ou seja, tecnologias relacionais, e a valorizar, também, a necessidade de implementação de certos aspectos conceituais e de princípios fundamentais, que precisam ser discutidos e realçados para que a decisão compartilhada seja implementada.

According to the latest Brazilian guidelines from the National Cancer Institute/Ministry of Health on early detection of breast cancer, we highlight the uncertainties about shared decision-making concerning the benefits and risks of mammographic screening. This article expresses the perceptions of users of Primary Health Care services concerning shared decision-making in this scenario. As a result of qualitative research, it used focus groups as an instrument for data production and thematic content analysis to systematize the results. The participants revealed that there is no shared decision-making concerning mammographic screening, which leads us to emphasize that health care guidelines should be based on light technologies,that is, relational technologies. They should also discuss and highlight related conceptual aspects and fundamental principles so that shared decision-making can be implemented.

Aceitabilidade social de tecnologias da atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão de escopo / Social acceptance of primary health care technologies: a scoping review

Alma-Ata definiu a Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) como "cuidados essenciais de saúde baseados em métodos e tecnologias práticas, cientificamente bem fundamentadas e socialmente aceitáveis"1, mas parece faltar "aceitabilidade social" paradiversas tecnologias usadas na APS, além de pouca investigação de tal conceito. Esta pesquisa buscou compreendera aceitabilidade social das tecnologias praticadas na APS,no Brasil e no mundo, por meio de uma revisão de escopo, visando mapear conceitos-chave, tipos de evidências e lacunas no campo através de sistemática busca, seleção e síntese do conhecimento existente. Buscaram-se artigos de 1978 a 2019 no Medline -PubMed, BVS/Lilacs, Academic Search Premier, Web of Science, Science Direct, SciELO e CINAHL complete. Pesquisou-se, também, nas referências desses artigos e por meio de busca complementar efetuada no Google e no Google Scholar. Identificados13.874 artigos, foram selecionados 201 para tabulação e análise. Encontrou-se grande variedade de tecnologias usadas na APS em 41 países, que foram organizadas em forma temática. Identificaram-se sete acepções para"aceitabilidade social": percepções sobre uma tecnologia, intenções de aceitar uma tecnologia, aceitar uma tecnologia ou não, confiança, participação, acesso e qualidade do cuidado.

Alma-Ata defined Primary Health Care (PHC) as "essential health care based on practical, scientifically and socially acceptable methods and technology," 1 but it seems that several technologies used in PHC lack social acceptability ­a concept seldom investigated. This research was pursued to acknowledge the social acceptability of PHC technologies, in Brazil and in the world, through a Scoping Review, in order to map concepts, evidence, and gaps in the research field through a systematic search, selection, and synthesis of existing knowledge. The articles, published between the years of 1978 and 2019, were searched in the following databases: Medline-PubMed, BVS/Lilacs, Academic Search Premier, Web of Science, Science Direct, SciELO, and CINAHL Complete. Further references cited in these articles were explored along with complementary searches on Google and Google Scholar. Out of 13,874 articles identified, 201 wereselected for data extraction and analysis. As a result, thematic maps of the large scope of technologies used in PHC were created. Seven different groups were created to assess "social acceptability": perceptions about a specific technology; the intentionto accept it; simply accepting it; trust; participation; access; and quality of care.

Acceptance of e-health technology among older people: A qualitative study.

E-health technology has been widely implemented in healthcare systems and has many benefits. However, available studies that focus on the acceptance and adoption of e-health technology, particularly among older people in primary care centers, are still limited. A qualitative approach was adopted in this study to explore the acceptability and adoption of health technology among older people who use primary health care. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 older people to gain in-depth insight into their perspectives on health technology. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted to gain insight from older people. Three main themes emerged: (1) "demand of care" refers a situation where participants realized that they had a health problem, sought ways to solve the health problem, and expected to be cared and monitored; (2) "resistance and openness" represent technology acceptance by older people; and (3) "preference for home health monitoring": We found older people preferred home health monitoring in terms of comfort and ease of use. The study has provided important new knowledge in relation to acceptance and preference for health technology that currently exists, particularly among older people in Indonesia.

BPS and BPF are as Carcinogenic as BPA and are Not Viable Alternatives for its Replacement.

BACKGROUND: Plastic polymers are omnipresent, and life without them is virtually impossible. Despite the advantages provided by the material, conventional plastic also has harmful effects on the environment and human health. Plastics release microplastics and compounds, such as BPA, which is a xenoestrogen and once absorbed by the body, have an affinity for estrogen receptors α and ß, acting as an agonist on human cells, being an endocrine disrupter able to cause various diseases and acting as a potential neoplastic inducer. BPS and BPF are BPA's analogs, a proposed solution to solve its harmful effects. The analogs can be found in daily use products and are used in several industrial applications. OBJECTIVES: In the present work, the researchers aimed to conduct a revisional study on BPA's harmful effects on human health, focusing on its carcinogenic potential, discussing its mechanisms of action, as well as its analogs effects, and identifying if BPS and BPF are viable alternatives to BPA's substitution in plastic polymers' production. METHODS: In this review, articles published in the last 15 years related to the different aspects of conventional plastics and BPA were analyzed and revised with precision. The subjects ranged from conventional plastics and the problems related to their large-scale production, BPA, its negative aspects, and the feasibility of using its analogs (BPS and BPF) to replace the compound. The articles were extensively reviewed and concisely discussed. RESULTS: This study demonstrated that BPA has a high carcinogenic potential, with known mechanisms to trigger breast, ovarian, prostate, cervical, and lung cancers, thus elucidating that its analogs are also xenoestrogens, and they can exert similar effects to BPA and, therefore, cannot be considered viable alternatives for its replacement. CONCLUSION: .This study suggests that new research should be carried out to develop such alternatives, allowing the substitution of plastic materials containing BPA in their composition, such as developing economically viable and sustainable biodegradable bioplastics for socioenvironmental well-being.

Replacing vaccine paper package inserts: a multi-country questionnaire study on the acceptability of an electronic replacement in different target groups.

BACKGROUND: In the European Union it is mandatory to include paper package leaflets (PPL) with all medicines, including vaccines, to inform the recipient. However, it is difficult to meet the necessity for localized PPLs in each of the 24 official European languages. Replacing PPLs with electronic versions offers many advantages including redistribution across nations, reduced storage space, accessibility by the visually impaired, easily updated information or the addition of video content. We wanted to assess the attitudes of patients (vaccine recipients or their parents) to the potential of replacing PPL with electronic versions. METHODS: We surveyed vaccinees or their parents in four European countries-Belgium, Italy, Bulgaria and France-for their actual use of vaccine PPLs and their opinions about switching to an electronic package leaflet. Our survey was conducted online because of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulted in 2518 responses to a questionnaire targeted at three specific groups with particular information needs: parents of young children, pregnant women and the elderly (≥ 60 years). RESULTS: Our main findings are that currently vaccine PPLs are rarely used and frequently unavailable for the vaccinee. Across the four countries surveyed 55-82% of vaccinees would accept an electronic version, as did 64% when there was an option to request a printout of the leaflet. CONCLUSIONS: We found that switching to electronic versions of vaccine PPLs is an acceptable alternative for the public, potentially increasing the quality and amount of information reaching vaccinees while eliminating some barriers to redistribution of vaccines between countries.

Transgender and nonbinary individuals and ICT-driven information practices in response to transexclusionary healthcare systems: a qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: This qualitative research examines how transgender and gender nonbinary (T/GNB) persons from South Carolina navigate informational barriers within healthcare systems. This navigation can be described through the lens of information practices, or how T/GNB participants create, seek, use, and share information to achieve desired healthcare outcomes. Special focus is given to the roles of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in shaping these practices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research utilizes participant data from semistructured interviews and focus groups conducted with 26 T/GNB individuals focusing on their health information practices. Data analysis utilized emic/etic coding and the constant comparative method to identify themes describing transexclusionary information barriers and respondent ICT-led information practices. RESULTS: Findings note healthcare systems producing cisnormativity by design resulting in T/GNB individuals viewing healthcare spaces as exclusionary. Exclusionary barriers included over reliance on medical, expert authority ignoring T/GNB embodiment, and a lack of contextual perspective to identities. In response, T/GNB seek, create, use, and share information via ICTs to challenge exclusionary practices. DISCUSSION: T/GNB ICT use addresses systemic barriers within healthcare systems suggesting a need to reframe healthcare systems through the lens of design justice, one that values T/GNB agency in understanding and producing health knowledge. CONCLUSION: While many healthcare providers are not intentionally being transexclusionary, the design of healthcare information systems rely on cisnormative values, thus excluding many T/GNB from accessing healthcare in comfortable and safe ways. Shifting toward the values and practices of T/GNB as informed by ICT use will afford healthcare providers ways to undo barriers to care.

Tecnologias sociais para ações de gestão de risco em desastres: uma revisão de escopo / Social technologies for disaster risk management actions: a scoping review

RESUMO Objetivou-se mapear a literatura técnico-científica sobre o desenvolvimento de tecnologias sociais em processos de gestão de risco de desastres em comunidades vulneráveis. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo, conforme metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute, cujas buscas foram realizadas de agosto a dezembro de 2021 em 11 bancos de dados e na literatura cinzenta. Revisores independentes participaram da seleção, extração e síntese dos dados. Após a triagem de 1.291 publicações, foram incluídos 6 estudos na revisão. Os critérios de elegibilidade basearam-se na sigla PCC (População, Conceito e Contexto). Evidenciou-se que o conceito de tecnologia social traz em sua essência a transformação social e o empoderamento, elementos estratégicos para o enfrentamento sistematizado dos desastres em populações vulneráveis. Novos estudos mais robustos são importantes para analisar o impacto das tecnologias sociais nos desastres, especialmente levando em consideração o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas e a busca pela resiliência comunitária orientada pelos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável e pelo Marco de Sendai para a Redução do Risco de Desastres. O número limitado de estudos identificados aponta para a necessidade de apropriação de tecnologias sociais que possam melhorar efetivamente o padrão de gestão de risco perante tais eventos, tanto de origem natural quanto tecnológica.

ABSTRACT The objective was to map the technical-scientific literature on the development of social technologies in disaster risk management processes with vulnerable communities. This is a scoping review, according to the JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) methodology, whose searches were carried out from August to December 2021 in eleven databases and gray literature. Independent reviewers participated in the selection, extraction, and synthesis of the data. After screening 1,291 publications, six studies were included in the review. Eligibility criteria were based on the acronym PCC (Population, Concept, and Context). It was evidenced that the concept of social technology brings in its essence social transformation and empowerment, strategic elements for the systematic confrontation of disasters with vulnerable populations. New, more robust studies are important to analyze the impact of social technologies on disasters, especially taking into account the development of public policies and the search for community resilience guided by the Sustainable Development Goals and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. The limited number of studies identified points to the need for the appropriation of social technologies that can effectively improve the standard of risk management in the face of such events, whether of natural or technological origin.

Self-Care Needs and Technology Preferences Among Parents in Marginalized Communities: Participatory Design Study.

BACKGROUND: Ten million parents provide unpaid care to children living with chronic conditions, such as asthma, and a high percentage of these parents are in marginalized communities, including racial and ethnic minority and low-income families. There is an urgent need to develop technology-enabled tailored solutions to support the self-care needs of these parents. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to use a participatory design approach to describe and compare Latino and non-Latino parents' current self-care practices, needs, and technology preferences when caring for children with asthma in marginalized communities. METHODS: The participatory design approach was used to actively engage intended users in the design process and empower them to identify needs and generate design ideas to meet those needs. RESULTS: Thirteen stakeholders participated in three design sessions. We described Latino and non-Latino parents' similarities in self-care practices and cultural-specific preferences. When coming up with ideas of technologies for self-care, non-Latino parents focused on improving caregiving stress through journaling, daily affirmations, and tracking feelings, while Latino parents focused more on relaxation and entertainment. CONCLUSIONS: Considerations need to be taken beyond language differences when developing technology-enabled interventions for diverse populations. The community partnership approach strengthened the study's inclusive design.

Drafting the Aboriginal and Islander Mental Health Initiative for Youth (AIMhi-Y) App: Results of a formative mixed methods study.

BACKGROUND: Culturally responsive, strengths-based early-intervention mental health treatment programs are considered most appropriate to influence the high rates of psychological distress and suicide experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth. Few early intervention services effectively bridge the socio-cultural and geographic challenges of providing sufficient and culturally relevant services in rural and remote Australia. Mental Health apps provide an opportunity to bridge current gaps in service access if co-designed with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth to meet their needs. AIMS: This paper reports the results of the formative stage of the AIMhi-Y App development process which engaged Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in the co-design of the new culturally informed AIMhi-Y App. METHODS: Using a participatory design research approach, a series of co-design workshops were held across three sites with five groups of young people. Workshops explored concepts, understanding, language, acceptability of electronic mental health tools (e-mental health) and identified important characteristics of the presented applications and websites, chosen for relevance to this group. An additional peer supported online survey explored use of technology, help seeking and e-mental health design elements which contribute to acceptability. RESULTS: Forty-five, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth, aged 10-18 years, from three sites in the Northern Territory (NT) were involved in the workshops (n = 29). Although experiencing psychological distress, participants faced barriers to help seeking. Apps were perceived as a potential solution to overcome barriers by increasing mental health literacy, providing anonymity if desired, and linking young people with further help. Preferred app characteristics included a strength-based approach, mental health information, relatable content and a fun, appealing, easy to use interface which encouraged app progression. Findings informed the new AIMhi-Y App draft, which is a strengths-based early intervention wellbeing app for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth. CONCLUSIONS: Research findings highlight the need, feasibility and potential of these types of tools, from the perspective of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth.

Contributions of a social technology from the perspective of men being sued for gender violence / Contribuciones de una tecnología social a la perspectiva de los hombres en procedimientos judiciales de violencia de género / Contribuições de uma tecnologia social na perspectiva de homens em processo judicial por violência de gênero

ABSTRACT Objectives: to discover what were the contributions of the Reflexive Group from the perspective of men being sued by marital violence, who participated in a social technology. Methods: qualitative study, resulting from the evaluation stage of an action-research, based on the perspective of Critical Freedom and carried out with 44 men who were being sued in the Peace at Home Courts, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Results: the discourses of men being sued for marital violence showed that the reflections enabled them to share their experiences; understand their attitudes as disrespectful, violent, and liable in criminal courts; elaborate of strategies for a harmonious marital life; and become multipliers as a result of their willingness to socialize the information and knowledge that emerged from their group. Conclusions: the study presents a successful experience of the participation of men in reflexive groups and is a precedent for the validation of this social technology.

RESUMEN Objetivos: conocer las contribuciones del Grupo Reflexivo en la perspectiva de hombres en proceso criminal por violencia conyugal que participaron de una tecnología social. Métodos: estudio con abordaje cualitativo, oriundo de la fase de evaluación de una investigación-acción, fundamentada en la Perspectiva Crítico-Libertadora y realizada con 44 hombres que respondían a procesos en las Jurisdicciones de Justicia por la Paz en Casa, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Resultados: los discursos de hombres en proceso judicial por violencia conyugal revelaron que los grupos reflexivos posibilitaron: el compartimiento de sus vivencias; la percepción de sus actitudes mientras irrespetuosas, violentas y pasibles de responsabilidad criminal; la formulación de estrategias para una vida conyugal harmoniosa; y la formación de multiplicadores como resultado del deseo de socializar las informaciones y saberes que emergieron en el grupo. Conclusiones: el estudio presenta la experiencia exitosa de la participación de hombres en grupos reflexivos, siendo esto un precedente para la validación de esa tecnología social.

RESUMO Objetivos: conhecer as contribuições do Grupo Reflexivo na perspectiva de homens em processo criminal por violência conjugal que participaram de uma tecnologia social. Métodos: estudo com abordagem qualitativa, oriundo da fase de avaliação de uma pesquisa-ação, fundamentada na Perspectiva Crítico-Libertadora e realizada com 44 homens que respondiam a processos nas Varas de Justiça pela Paz em Casa, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Resultados: os discursos de homens em processo judicial por violência conjugal revelaram que os grupos reflexivos possibilitaram: o compartilhamento de suas vivências; a percepção de suas atitudes enquanto desrespeitosas, violentas e passíveis de responsabilização criminal; a formulação de estratégias para uma vida conjugal harmoniosa; e a formação de multiplicadores como resultado do desejo de socializar as informações e saberes que emergiram no grupo. Conclusões: o estudo apresenta a experiência exitosa da participação de homens em grupos reflexivos, sendo este um precedente para a validação dessa tecnologia social.

Characteristics of Health-related Text Messages Preferred by Medically Underserved African-American Patients with Diabetes.

Introduction Text messaging (TM) is increasingly used by the U.S. medical practices and healthcare delivery systems, but little is known about preferences of medically underserved minority patients for TM supporting improved self-care decisions. We sought to determine the characteristics of text messages and TM programs preferred by African-American patients with diabetes in medically underserved areas. Methods This convergent mixed methods study employed a self-administered survey and focus group interviews. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected simultaneously, analyzed separately, and merged to provide a holistic view of the TM characteristics patients preferred. Participants (N = 36) were recruited from a medically underserved area in Memphis, Tennessee. Focus group data were uploaded into the NVivo qualitative data analysis software program, and main themes were identified. Standard frequencies were calculated for survey responses. Results Participants ranged in the age of 22-74 years (M = 54.1; SD = 14.6) were predominantly female (77.8%), African-Americans (88.9%), and had at least a high school education (91.7%). A majority used mobile phones for sending (69.4%) and receiving (72.2%) text messages. Participants wanted to receive daily (44.4%) or weekly (47.2%) text messages from their healthcare provider (61.1%), or a motivational message program (33.3%). They preferred actionable messages with a positive tone and wanted options to customize message type, content, and frequency according to their preferences, goals, and needs. Discussion Medically underserved African-American diabetes patients want customized text messages that are practical, actionable, encouraging, and from their doctor. Healthcare providers seeking to develop patient-centered TM programs for medically underserved minority patients should personalize and tailor messages according to patient preferences, health goals, and self-care needs.

Provider- and Patient-Related Barriers to and Facilitators of Digital Health Technology Adoption for Hypertension Management: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: The uptake of digital health technology (DHT) has been surprisingly low in clinical practice. Despite showing great promise to improve patient outcomes and disease management, there is limited information on the factors that contribute to the limited adoption of DHT, particularly for hypertension management. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review provides a comprehensive summary of barriers to and facilitators of DHT adoption for hypertension management reported in the published literature with a focus on provider- and patient-related barriers and facilitators. METHODS: This review followed the methodological framework developed by Arskey and O'Malley. Systematic literature searches were conducted on PubMed or Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Excerpta Medica database. Articles that reported on barriers to and/or facilitators of digital health adoption for hypertension management published in English between 2008 and 2017 were eligible. Studies not reporting on barriers or facilitators to DHT adoption for management of hypertension were excluded. A total of 2299 articles were identified based on the above criteria after removing duplicates, and they were assessed for eligibility. Of these, 2165 references did not meet the inclusion criteria. After assessing 134 studies in full text, 98 studies were excluded (full texts were either unavailable or studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria), resulting in a final set of 32 articles. In addition, 4 handpicked articles were also included in the review, making it a total of 36 studies. RESULTS: A total of 36 studies were selected for data extraction after abstract and full-text screening by 2 independent reviewers. All conflicts were resolved by a third reviewer. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify major themes pertaining to barriers and facilitators of DHT from both provider and patient perspectives. The key facilitators of DHT adoption by physicians that were identified include ease of integration with clinical workflow, improvement in patient outcomes, and technology usability and technical support. Technology usability and timely technical support improved self-management and patient experience, and positive impact on patient-provider communication were most frequently reported facilitators for patients. Barriers to use of DHTs reported by physicians include lack of integration with clinical workflow, lack of validation of technology, and lack of technology usability and technical support. Finally, lack of technology usability and technical support, interference with patient-provider relationship, and lack of validation of technology were the most commonly reported barriers by patients. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest the settings and context in which DHTs are implemented and individuals involved in implementation influence adoption. Finally, to fully realize the potential of digitally enabled hypertension management, there is a greater need to validate these technologies to provide patients and providers with reliable and accurate information on both clinical outcomes and cost effectiveness.

Curation of Mental Health Recovery Narrative Collections: Systematic Review and Qualitative Synthesis.

BACKGROUND: Mental health recovery narratives are first-person lived experience accounts of recovery from mental health problems, which refer to events or actions over a period. They are readily available either individually or in collections of recovery narratives published in books, health service booklets, or on the Web. Collections of recovery narratives have been used in a range of mental health interventions, and organizations or individuals who curate collections can therefore influence how mental health problems are seen and understood. No systematic review has been conducted of research into curatorial decision making. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to produce a conceptual framework identifying and categorizing decisions made in the curation of mental health recovery narrative collections. METHODS: A conceptual framework was produced through a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. Research articles were identified through searching bibliographic databases (n=13), indexes of specific journals (n=3), and gray literature repositories (n=4). Informal documents presenting knowledge about curation were identified from editorial chapters of electronically available books (n=50), public documents provided by Web-based collections (n=50), and prefaces of health service booklets identified through expert consultation (n=3). Narrative summaries of included research articles were produced. A qualitative evidence synthesis was conducted on all included documents through an inductive thematic analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify differences in curatorial concerns between Web-based and printed collections. RESULTS: A total of 5410 documents were screened, and 23 documents were included. These comprised 1 research publication and 22 informal documents. Moreover, 9 higher level themes were identified, which considered: the intended purpose and audience of the collection; how to support safety of narrators, recipients, and third parties; the processes of collecting, selecting, organizing, and presenting recovery narratives; ethical and legal issues around collections; and the societal positioning of the collection. Web-based collections placed more emphasis on providing benefits for narrators and providing safety for recipients. Printed collections placed more emphasis on the ordering of narrative within printed material and the political context. CONCLUSIONS: Only 1 research article was identified despite extensive searches, and hence this review has revealed a lack of peer-reviewed empirical research regarding the curation of recovery narrative collections. The conceptual framework can be used as a preliminary version of reporting guidelines for use when reporting on health care interventions that make use of narrative collections. It provides a theory base to inform the development of new narrative collections for use in complex mental health interventions. Collections can serve as a mechanism for supporting collective rather than individual discourses around mental health.

An Evaluation of Digital Health Tools for Diabetes Self-Management in Hispanic Adults: Exploratory Study.

BACKGROUND: Although multiple self-monitoring technologies for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) show promise for improving T2DM self-care behaviors and clinical outcomes, they have been understudied in Hispanic adult populations who suffer disproportionately from T2DM. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the acceptability, feasibility, and potential integration of wearable sensors for diabetes self-monitoring among Hispanic adults with self-reported T2DM. METHODS: We conducted a pilot study of T2DM self-monitoring technologies among Hispanic adults with self-reported T2DM. Participants (n=21) received a real-time continuous glucose monitor (RT-CGM), a wrist-worn physical activity (PA) tracker, and a tablet-based digital food diary to self-monitor blood glucose, PA, and food intake, respectively, for 1 week. The RT-CGM captured viewable blood glucose concentration (mg/dL) and PA trackers collected accelerometer-based data, viewable on the device or an associated tablet app. After 1 week of use, we conducted a semistructured interview with each participant to understand experiences and thoughts on integration of the data from the devices into a technology-facilitated T2DM self-management intervention. We also conducted a brief written questionnaire to understand participants' self-reported T2DM history and past experience using digital health tools for T2DM self-management. Feasibility was measured by device utilization and objective RT-CGM, PA tracker, and diet logging data. Acceptability and potential integration were evaluated through thematic analysis of verbatim interview transcripts. RESULTS: Participants (n=21, 76% female, 50.4 [SD 11] years) had a mean self-reported hemoglobin A1c of 7.4 [SD 1.8] mg/dL and had been diagnosed with T2DM for 7.4 [SD 5.2] years (range: 1-16 years). Most (89%) were treated with oral medications, whereas the others self-managed through diet and exercise. Nearly all participants (n=20) used both the RT-CGM and PA tracker, and 52% (11/21) logged at least one meal, with 33% (7/21) logging meals for 4 or more days. Of the 8 possible days, PA data were recorded for 7.1 [SD 1.8] days (range: 2-8), and participants averaged 7822 [SD 3984] steps per day. Interview transcripts revealed that participants felt most positive about the RT-CGM as it unveiled previously unknown relationships between lifestyle and health and contributed to changes in T2DM-related thoughts and behaviors. Participants felt generally positive about incorporating the wearable sensors and mobile apps into a future intervention if support were provided by a health coach or health care provider, device training were provided, apps were tailored to their language and culture, and content were both actionable and delivered on a single platform. CONCLUSIONS: Sensor-based tools for facilitating T2DM self-monitoring appear to be a feasible and acceptable technology among low-income Hispanic adults. We identified barriers to acceptability and highlighted preferences for wearable sensor integration in a community-based intervention. These findings have implications for the design of T2DM interventions targeting Hispanic adults.