Association between chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression and curative efficacy of 2-cycle chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: The association of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression with tumor response and overall survival remained controversial. The study was conducted to investigate the association between them in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). METHODS: 204 eligible patients with SCLC were respectively included and categorized into three groups (no, mild, and severe myelosuppression) based on myelosuppression degree after the first chemotherapy. Curative efficacy of 2-cycle chemotherapy was evaluated by the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate their association. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves, net reclassification index (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to assess the predictive ability of myelosuppression. RESULTS: In the fully-adjusted model, mild (OR, 4.61; 95% CI, 1.35 to 18.27; P = 0.020) and severe (OR, 7.22; 95% CI, 1.30 to 72.44; P = 0.046) myelosuppression were positively associated with DCR. However, only mild myelosuppression was significantly associated with ORR (OR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.30 to 6.14; P = 0.010). Although we observed evidence of increased ORR in severe myelosuppression, the difference was not statistically significant. Furthermore, based on the results of the ROC curve, NRI and IDI, chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression cannot be used as a accurate and independent predictor for curative efficacy, but it can improve overall prediction accuracy. CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression was significantly associated with curative efficacy of 2-cycle chemotherapy in SCLC, which could help predict treatment efficacy and guide chemotherapy dosage.

Identification and Fungicide Screening of Fungal Species Associated with Walnut Anthracnose in Shaanxi and Liaoning Provinces, China.

Walnut is cultivated around the world for its precious woody nut and edible oil. Recently, walnut infected by Colletotrichum spp. resulted in a great yield and quality loss. In August and September 2014, walnut fruits with anthracnose were sampled from two commercial orchards in Shaanxi and Liaoning provinces, and five representative isolates were used in this study. To identify the pathogen properly, four genes per region (internal transcribed spacer, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, actin, and chitin synthase) were sequenced and used in phylogenetic studies. Based on multilocus phylogenetic analysis, five isolates clustered with Colletotrichum fioriniae, including its ex-type, with 100% bootstrap support. The results of multilocus phylogenetic analyses, morphology, and pathogenicity confirmed that C. fioriniae was one of the walnut anthracnose pathogens in China. All 13 fungicides tested inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination. Flusilazole, fluazinam, prochloraz, and pyraclostrobin showed the strongest suppressive effects on the mycelial growth than the others, the average EC50 values ranged from 0.09 to 0.40 µg/ml, and there was not any significant difference (P < 0.05). Pyraclostrobin, thiram, and azoxystrobin were the most effective fungicides on spore germination (P < 0.05), and the EC50 values ranged from 0.01 to 0.44 µg/ml. Pyraclostrobin, azoxystrobin, fluazinam, flusilazole, mancozeb, thiram, and prochloraz exhibited a good control effect on walnut anthracnose caused by C. fioriniae, and preventive activities were greater than curative activities. Pyraclostrobin at 250 a.i. µg/ml and fluazinam at 500 a.i. µg/ml provided the highest preventive and curative efficacy, and the values ranged from 81.3 to 82.2% and from 72.9 to 73.6%, respectively. As a consequence, mancozeb and thiram could be used at the preinfection stage, and pyraclostrobin, azoxystrobin, flusilazole, fluazinam, and prochloraz could be used at the early stage for effective prevention and control of walnut anthracnose caused by C. fioriniae. The results will provide more significant instructions for controlling the disease effectively in northern China.

The Omicron Variant of the Sars-Cov-2 Virus As the Dominant Agent of a New Risk of Disease amid the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Over the two years that have passed since the WHO announced on March 11, 2020, a pandemic of the new coronavirus disease COVID-19, more than 460 million cases of the disease have been detected in the world, of which more than five million have been fatal. During the natural evolution of the COVID-19 pathogen, dominant variants emerge that account for most new infections. The WHO constantly monitors coronavirus mutations that potentially pose an epidemiological danger. Currently, the WHO divides modified variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus into variants of concern (VOC) and variants of interest (VOI). The WHO-designated group of variants of concern includes potentially the most dangerous lines, which are characterized by a complex of new properties. This group also includes the Omicron variant, which has become the dominant agent of the new wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this work is to analyze the characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain, the dominant agent of the new wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed mechanism of origin of the Omicron variant, its geographical distribution, the features of the disease caused by it, and the distinguishing features from diseases caused by the Delta variant and the original Wuhan strain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, mutations of the Omicron variant compared to the parent strain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the genetic variability of the Omicron variant, and the epidemiological characteristics of the disease it causes are considered. Particular attention is paid to evaluation of the preventive and therapeutic effectiveness of the existing medical means of protection against COVID-19 in relation to the Omicron strain.

Observation of clinical effects of Perampanel on the add-on therapy in 2-12 year-old children with drug-resistant epilepsy / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Perampanel on the add-on therapy in children with drug-resistant epilepsy.Methods:Clinical data of children with drug-resistant epilepsy treated with add-on therapy of Perampanel in the Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, aiming to assess the therapeutic efficacy of Perampanel on the add-on therapy of drug-resistant epilepsy.The self-control effective rate of Perampanel before and after treatment were counted.Results:A total of 20 cases of 2-12 year-old children with drug-resistant epilepsy were collected, including 14 males and 6 females.Their mean age, age of onset and course of disease were (5.82±2.39) years, (3.41±1.96) years and (2.40±1.48) years, respectively.Among them, 1 case had simple partial seizures, 7 cases had complex partial seizures, 1 case had generalized seizures and 5 cases had epilepsy syndromes, there were 6 cases with undetermined seizure attack.After 3-month add-on therapy of Perampanel, 4 cases of children with drug-resistant epilepsy were seizure-free, 8 cases had the reduced frequency of seizure for 50% or more, 2 cases had the reduced duration of seizure, 1 case had the reduced severity of seizure, while 4 cases did not respond to perampanel and 1 case was aggravated.Based on the criteria of reduced frequency of seizure for more than 50%, the therapeutic efficacy of add-on therapy of Perampanel achieved 60% in children with drug-resistant epilepsy.Conclusions:The third generation of anti-seizure medication Perampanel can effectively reduce the frequency of seizure, especially in the elder children and those with certain epilepsy syndromes.

Transarterial chemoembolization by using CalliSpheres drug-eluting beads combined with 8Spheres microsphere for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: study on its short-term efficacy and safety / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical short-term efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) by using CalliSpheres drug-eluting beads combined with blank microspheres (8 Spheres) in treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) . Methods The clinical data of 98 HCC patients, who were treated at authors′ hospital during the period from July 2016 to November 2017, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into DEB-TACE group (receiving TACE by using CalliSpheres drug-eluting beads combined with 8 Spheres embolic microspheres, n =50) and cTACE group (receiving TACE by using opium poppy ethyl iodized oil together with 8 Spheres embolic microspheres, n =48) . The disease remission rate, control rate and incidence of complications as well as preoperative and 3-day postoperative hepatic function indexes were collected, and the results were compared between the two groups. Results No statistically significant differences in baseline data existed between the two groups (P>0.05) . Both the 3-month and the 6-month disease remission rates in DEB-TACE group were remarkably higher than those in cTACE group (P<0.05), besides, the 6-month disease progression rate and the incidence of elevated serum AFP in DEB-TACE group were lower than those in cTACE group, the short-term efficacy of DEB-TACE group was better than that of cTACE group (P<0.05) . Three days after treatment, the levels of ALT and AST in cTACE group were strikingly higher than those in DEB-TACE group (P<0.05) . No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. Conclusion In treating advanced HCC with TACE, the short-term efficacy and safety of CalliSpheres drug-eluting beads combined with 8 Spheres embolic microspheres are superior to those of opium poppy ethyl iodized oil together with 8 Spheres embolic microspheres.

Clinical analysis on adverse reactions of anti-TB drugs and evaluation on curative effect of leucopenia / 重庆医学

Objective To statistically summarize the adverse reactions of anti-TB drugs treatment,to analyze the influencing factors of leucopenia and to compare the effect of Qijiao Shengbai Capsule and Leucogen Tablet in the treatment of leucopenia.Methods The adverse reactions in 840 TB patients diagnosed from September 2014 to November 2015 were statistically analyzed.The influencing factors of leucopenia were analyzed.Finally,the effect of Qijiao Shengbai Capsule(n=480) and Leucogen Tablets (n=360) for treating leucopenia.Results Clinicians paid less attention to routine blood monitoring (39.4 ％).Among adverse reactions,the damage of liver function had the highest incidence rate(abnormal liver enzymes 27.0％,increased bile acid 8.2％),followed by leukopenia [25.4％,mainly degree Ⅰ (16.9％)];female patients(P=0.000) and complicating liver damage(P=0.010) might be the risk factors of leukopenia.After treatment by two kinds of drug,white blood cells count was increased,the difference was statistically significant(P=0.000).Conclusion The occurrence rate of leucopenia is higher,females and liver function damage are easier to appear,so more attention should be paid to monitoring the blood routine in return visit.The two kinds of drug for treating leucopenia induced by anti-TB drugs have definite effect and could be used in clinic.

A curative efficacy study of functional training focusing on muscle group around shoulder for subacromial impingement syndrome / 中国康复医学杂志

Objective:To study the curative efficacy of functional training focusing on muscle group around shoulder for subacromial impingement syndrome.Method:Forty five patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) were randomly grouped into three groups (fifteen patients for each group).Patients in Group Ⅰ were trained only on muscles around scapula.Patients in Group Ⅱ were treated on rotator cuff muscles.While patients in Group Ⅲ were treated on both.The training goes every 2 days and last for 4 weeks.The indexes for evaluating curative efficacy included:the Neer-test,the Hawkins-test and the Peen Shoulder Score.These indexes were measured immediately and three months after the four week treatment.Result:After treatment of the functional training focusing on muscle group around shoulder,Neer-tests and Hawkins-tests of all of patients were changed from positive to negative,the degree of pain compared with pain before the treatment declined apparently(P＜0.01),at the same time,the degree of satisfaction and the function went up remarkablely(P＜0.01).Compared with group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,it dropped the most notably on the degree of pain in the group Ⅲ(P＜0.01),however,the degree of satisfaction and the function rose most apparently (P＜0.01) Conclusion:The curative efficacy of functional training focusing on muscle group around shoulder for sub-acromial impingement syndrome was effective apparently.But the efficacy of treated focusing on both muscles around scapula and rotator cuff was the most remarkably.

Clinical analysis on blood exchange transfusion in treating 142 cases of neonatal severe hyperbilirubinemia / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the cause constituents of neonatal severe hyperbilirubinemia and the clinical efficacy and safety of blood exchange transfusion treatment .Methods 142 neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia conducted the blood exchange transfusion therapy .The levels of serum total bilirubin ,indirect bilirubin and direct bilirubin and the change of blood routine indica-tors were analyzed before and after blood exchange transfusion .Results The main causes leading to neonatal severe hyperbilirubi-nemia were bacterial infection(28 .20% ) ,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD) deficiency(27 .50% ) and pregnant women with ABO blood group incompatibility (16 .20% ) .The levels of serum total bilirubin ,indirect bilirubin ,direct bilirubin and blood routine indicators after operation in neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia were significantly lower than those before operation , the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The total bilirubin swap exchange was (54 .40 ± 9 .90)% .The intraoperative adverse reactions rate was 3 .50% .The postoperative thrombocytopenia occurrence rate was 72 .00% .Conclusion The blood ex-change transfusion for treating neonatal severe hyperbilirubinemia possesses has clinical significance ,but the hematology and bio-chemical indicators monitoring should be strengthened for avoiding adverse reactions occurrence .

Genetic polymorphisms of Wnt/ß-catenin pathway genes are associated with the efficacy and toxicities of radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Radiotherapy (RT) is the normative therapeutic treatment for primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes in Wnt/ß-catenin pathway are correlated to the development, prognosis, and treatment benefit of various cancers. However, it has not been established whether SNPs of Wnt/ß-catenin pathway are associated with nasopharyngeal tumorigenesis and the efficacy of RT in NPC patients. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the nine potentially functional SNPs of four genes in the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway and genotyped these in 188 NPC patients treated with RT. To achieve this goal, associations between these SNPs and the RT's curative efficacy, as well as acute radiation-induced toxic reaction were determined by multifactorial logistic regression. We observed that catenin beta 1 gene (CTNNB1) rs1880481 and rs3864004, and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta gene (GSK3ß) rs3755557 polymorphisms were significantly associated with poorer efficacy of RT in NPC patients. Moreover, GSK3ß rs375557 and adenomatous polyposis coli gene (APC) rs454886 polymorphisms were correlated with acute grade 3-4 radiation-induced dermatitis and oral mucositis, respectively. In conclusion, this study suggests that gene polymorphisms of Wnt/ß-catenin may be novel prognostic factors for NPC patients treated with RT.

Evaluation on curative efficacy and safety of red-blue light irradiation combined with Xihuang Capsules in treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To evaluate the clinical therapeutic efficacy and safety of red-blue light irradiation combined with Xihuang Capsules in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris.Methods:Eighty patients with moderate to severe acne vulgaris were randomly divided into Xihuang Capsules group (control group)and red-blue light irradiation combined with Xihuang Capsules group (observation group).The patients in observation group were treated with red-blue light irradiation (20 min biw,4 weeks)combined with Xihuang Capsules (1.5 g bid,4 weeks),while the patients in control group took only Xihuang Capsules orally (1.5 g bid,4 weeks),The changes of skin lesions and adverse reactions were observed and the curative efficacies were compared at 2 or 4 weeks after treatment.Results:After 2-week-treatment,the total effective rate in observation group was 67.5% while the total effective rate in control group was 52.5%,there was no statistically significant difference between two groups (P >0.05).The regression number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory skin lesions in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.05).After 4-week-treatment,the total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (85.0% vs 65.0% ),and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05);the regression number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory skin lesions in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.05).During the treatment,there were no severe adverse reactions in two groups.Mild headache and nausea occurred in observation group after red-blue light irradiation,but the above symptoms disappeared after reducing the irradiation dose.Conclusion:Red-blue light irradiation combined with Xihuang Capsules in the treatment of moderate to severe acne is proved to be a significantly effective and safe method,and it is worth to be promoted in clinic.

Assessment of the onset of action of afoxolaner against existing adult flea (Ctenocephalides felis) infestations on dogs.

The speed of kill of afoxolaner against experimental infestations by Ctenocephalides felis was evaluated after oral administration of afoxolaner in a soft chew (NEXGARD(®)) at a dose to achieve 2.5mg/kg bodyweight. Forty beagles were allocated to two treatment groups. Dogs in Treatment Group 1 were untreated controls. Dogs in Treatment Group 2 were treated on Day-0 with afoxolaner, according to their pre-treatment bodyweight. All dogs were infested with approximately 100 C. felis on Day-1. Live fleas were counted upon removal at 5 time points after treatment (i.e., 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24h after treatment). For each time point, counts were performed on 4 dogs from each of the treated and the untreated groups. Early curative flea killing efficacy was evaluated with respect to the untreated control group. The afoxolaner treated group had significantly fewer fleas than the untreated control group at 8, 12, and 24h (p<0.001). The percent efficacies of orally administered afoxolaner were 15.0%, 87.8%, 99.5%, 100.0%, and 100.0% at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24h, respectively. In this study, afoxolaner began killing fleas by 2h after treatment with increasing efficacy at subsequent time points and had >99.5% efficacy at 8, 12, and 24h after treatment demonstrating an early onset of action.

Curative Efficacy of Letrozole Combined with Traditional Chinese Medicine for Ovulation Dysfunction Caused by Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of letrozole combined with traditional Chinese medicine for ovulation dysfunction induced by polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS). METHODS: 300 PCOS outpatients were randomized to 3 groups of 100 each: clomiphene citrate (CC) group (188 cycles);urinary gonadotropin (HMG) group (104 cycles) and letrozole (LE) group (155 cycles). The occurrence rate of mature follicle,ovulation rate,pregnancy rate,abortion rate,superfoetation-terata rate,cancellation rate,incidence of no dominant follicle forming and OHSS etc were compared between the two groups after treatment. RESULTS: 30 babies were born in CC group,34 in HMG group and 43 in LE group were born. The occurrence rate of mature follicles,ovulation rate and pregnancy rate in the LE group were higher than in either CC group or HMG group(P0.05);the superfoetation rate in HMG group was higher than in CC group or LE group(P

Observation on the Curative Efficacy of Wentong Babu Plaster for Infant Diarrhea / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the curative efficacy of Wentong babu plaster for infant diarrhea.METHODS:A total of 62 infants with diarrhea were randomly assigned to either treatment group(n=32)or control group(n=30).Both groups were given Dioctahedral smectite,Bifid triple viable,fluid replacement,diet structure adjustment,etc.And the treatment group received additional Wentong babu plaster once daily for 5 days.The curative efficacy and the side effects of the two groups were observed.RESULTS:There are significant difference between the two groups in marked efficacy showing rate and response rate,both higher in treatment group than in control group(P

Curative Efficacy of Hepatocyte Growth-promoting Factors plus Wuji Baifeng Pills for Liver Cirrhosis:Observation of 65 Cases / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of Hepatocyte growth-promoting factors(PHGF) combined with Wuji baifeng pills for liver cirrhosis. METHODS:A total of 97 patients with liver cirrhosis were randomly assigned to either control group(n=32,conventional therapy) or treatment group(n=65,PHGF plus Wuji baifeng pills in addition to routine treatment).The course of treatment was 3 months for both groups. Clinical data including cardinal symptoms and signs,hepatic function,blood clotting function,hepatic fibrosis parameters,the inner-diameter of the portal vein and splenic vein(PVD,SVD),spleen thickness(SPT) measured by the color Doppler ultrasonography were monitored before and after treatment. RESULTS:After treatment,the symptoms and signs of the treatment group had better improvement than in the control group,with a markedly higher total effective rate than in the control group(84.62% vs.59.38%,P

Reduced Glutathione for Alcoholic Liver Disease:Observation of Curative Efficacy / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the curative effect and safety of reduced glutathione for injection(Atomolan) on the Alcoholic Liver Disease(ALD).METHODS:This was a randomized,placebo controlled study,in which the reduced glutathione for injection(Gluthion) was used as control substance.A total of 261 ALD patients were randomly divided into 2 groups in 1:1 ratio(trial group,n=135;control group,n=126).The dosage,route and course of treatment in two groups were the same.Clinical data including biochemical parameters,symptoms and signs in two groups were monitored.RESULTS:The excellent effective rate,effect rate and total effective rate in the trial group were 58.5%,23.7% and 82.2%,respectively,those in the control group were 57.9%,22.2% and 80.2%,respectively,showing no significant difference between the 2 groups(P=0.90).CONC-LUSION:The study showed that the domestic glutathione for injection had a sound efficacy in improving clinical symptoms and recovery of liver biochemical parameters,showing equivalent efficacy to the control preparation good safety.

Danhong Injection for Cerebral Infarction:Clinical Observation / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe the curative effect of Danhong injection in treating cerebral infarction.METHODS:30 patients(trial group) were assigned to receive Danhong injection,while 26(control group) to receive Ligustrazine injection.The neurologic impairment score,clinical efficacy and ADRs during medication were compared between the two groups.RESULTS:The total effective rates in trial group vs.in control group were 86.67% vs.65.38%,showing significant differences between the two groups(P

Efficacy Observation of Cimetidine in the Treatment of Infantile Autumn Diarrhea / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the curative efficacy of cimetidine in the treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea. METHODS:173 cases of infantile autumn diarrhea were analyzed retrospectively. 69.9% of patients were enrolled in treatment group(n=121)and treated with cimetidine. 30.1% treated without cimetidine were enrolled in control group(n=52). The curative efficacy, average length of hospital stay of two groups were compared. RESULTS:The total response rate and average length of hospital stay were 95.0% and(3.24?1.36)d for treatment group vs. 61.5% and(5.07?1.38)d for control group respectively(P

Curative Efficacy of Hepatocyte Growth-promoting Factors in Combination with Glutathione for Severe Hepatitis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the curative efficacy of hepatocyte growth-promoting factors(HGSF)in combination with glutathione in the treatment of severe hepatitis.METHODS:84 patients with severe hepatitis were randomly divided into two groups:the control group received comprehensive treatment for 14 days,and the trial group received HGSF plus glutathione in addition to the comprehensive therapy as in the control group for 14 days.RESULTS:The total effective rates for the trial group and the control group were 76.2% and 45.2%,respectively(P

Clinical Study on Selective Posterior Rhizotomy and Post-operative Rehabilitation Training in Treating Cerebral Palsy / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the efficacy of selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR)and post-operative rehabilitation training in treating cerebral palsy. Methods The 100 patients with cerebral palsy were randomly divided into two groups. In group A, the patients were treated by SPR, and in group B, the patients received rehabilitation training after SPR for 12 months. One year later the curative efficacy of all patients was evaluated and compared between the two groups.Results The effective rate was 52% and 76% in groups A and B respectively. Conclusion It is very important that the patients receive systematic rehabilitation training after SPR so as to gain a most satisfied functional recovery.

Treating Chronic Type B Hepatitis with Compound Glycyrrhizin:An Observation on Curative Efficacy / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe the curative efficacy of compound glycyrrhizin in the treatment of chronic type B hepatitis.METHODS:102patients with type B hepatitis were randomly selected to receive compound glycyrrhizin60ml by in-travenous drip infusion once daily for30days.The clinical symptoms,signs,and indexes of hepatic function and hepatic fibrosis were observed before and after treatment.RESULTS:As compared with treatment before,patients’symptoms,signs,indexes of hepatic function and hepatic fibrosis all had obvious amelioration after treatment(P