ABSTRACT
Background: Sarcoids are the most frequent skin tumors among horses, causing serious lesions due to their different shapes, sizes, degree of invasiveness and distribution on the body. The pathogenesis of sarcoids is multifactorial, with genetic, viral and environmental involvement, making their treatment complex. The aggressiveness and high rate of recurrence of sarcoids makes it difficult to use an effective treatment, which is why there are several therapeutic routes described in the literature. Aiming to describe and expand sarcoid treatments, this paper reports on the use of acyclovir in the treatment of this type of tumor. Cases: Four horses sent to the Large Animal Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Lavras - UFLA were diagnosed and treated for sarcoids. Case 1. Lesions on the right ear, region of the masseter muscle of the right side of the face, neck, vulva and medial aspect of the left pelvic limb. Case 2. Lesion in the left groin region. Case 3. Lesions on the face, masseter muscle region on the left side, mandibular region and right ear pinna. Case 4. Lesion in the lateral region of the left pelvic limb, close to the tarsometatarsal joint. All horses had a diagnosis of sarcoid, which was confirmed by histopathological examination of material collected after surgical excision. Macroscopically, the neoplastic lesions were classified as fibroblastic, verrucous and nodular. The tumors exhibited irregular surfaces, keratinization, and a firm consistency. Their surfaces were alopecic, slightly rough, some of them were ulcerated, and their color ranged from greyish to rosy and reddish. All the tumor masses were surgically excised from the 4 horses, and one sarcoid was treated by thermal cauterization with liquid nitrogen due to the lesion's depth and size. In most cases, the sarcoid removal sites were closed with sutures. Only 2 lesions were not sutured due to the impossibility of bringing the edges of tissue close together, or due to proximity to the tarsometatarsal joint. The surgical wounds were cleaned twice a day with sterile saline solution followed by the topical application of Acyclovir. One of the animals received complementary therapy with Cimetidine. Discussion: The equines recovered completely from their sarcoid treatment, and no recurrences were reported a year later. Thus, the combination of treatments employed for the extirpation of sarcoids proved to have greater chances of success. First, all the tumors were surgically removed with the largest possible margins of safety in order to ensure the elimination of neoplastic cells. In the postoperative period, all the animals received topical treatment of the lesions with acyclovir after surgical resection of the tumors. The drug aided the complete healing of post-surgical wounds, and healing time varied according to the size and depth of the lesion. One tumor was treated with liquid nitrogen after surgical excision of the sarcoid. Another horse was treated with cimetidine over a 3-month period after surgical excision of the neoplasm in order to reduce the sarcoid and prevent its evolution. Surgical excision of the sarcoid associated with topical application of acyclovir ointment showed satisfactory results. Moreover, the combination of surgical excision and administration of liquid nitrogen on the lesion and topical application of acyclovir ointment in the postoperative period also provided good results. Given the complexity of sarcoid treatment and the high recurrence rate of these tumors, the use of combined treatments should be taken into account.
Subject(s)
Animals , Sarcoidosis/veterinary , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Cimetidine/therapeutic use , Horses/injuries , Skin Neoplasms/veterinary , Cautery/veterinaryABSTRACT
Aims: The current study aims to present epidemiologic changes and clinical aspects of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) in Brazil. Methods: Data were collected from the Brazilian Population-Based Cancer Registries (2000-2015) and Hospital-Based Cancer Registries (2000-2017). Results: The average age-standardized incidence rates significantly increased in men between the years 2000 (0.31/1,000,000) and 2015 (1.21/1,000,000), with an annual percentage change of 9.4 (95% CI: 4.7-14.4; p < 0.001). In women, the incidence rates rose insignificantly in the period with an annual percentage change of 3.1 (95% CI: 0.0-6.2; p < 0.10). From the hospital-based database, 881 MCC patients were identified. Most of the patients were females (51.2%), aged >60 years (82.2%), White (67.6%) and diagnosed at stages III or IV (50.5%). Conclusions: A key aspect of public health promotion is to understand the incidence and morbidity of MCC.
Lay abstract Aims: The current study aims to present epidemiologic changes and clinical aspects of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) in Brazil. Methods: Data were collected from the Brazilian Population-Based Cancer Registries (20002015) and Hospital-Based Cancer Registries (20002017). Results: The incidence rates significantly increased in men between the years 2000 and 2015. In women, the incidence rates rose insignificantly in the same period. From the hospital-based database, MCC patients were identified. Most of the patients were females, aged >60 years, White and diagnosed with locally advanced and advanced stages. Conclusions: A key aspect of public health promotion is to understand the incidence and morbidity of MCC.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/epidemiology , Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Registries/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Young AdultABSTRACT
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive malignancy of the skin and hematopoietic system. There are few pediatric cases reported in the literature. Management of primary cutaneous BPDCN is challenging because, despite an apparently indolent clinical presentation, rapid dissemination with high mortality can occur. We describe a child with isolated cutaneous involvement who had a good response to chemotherapy as first-line treatment of BPDCN.
Subject(s)
Hematologic Neoplasms , Skin Neoplasms , Child , Dendritic Cells , Diagnosis, Differential , Hematologic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Hematologic Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Skin , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/drug therapyABSTRACT
O histiocitoma cutâneo canino é um tumor benigno de células redondas, sendo uma das neoplasias cutâneas mais comuns visto em cães jovens. Este trabalho, tem o objetivo de relatar um caso de um canino jovem diagnosticado com histiocitoma. Após um exame clínico inicial o animal foi encaminhado para o exame de citologia aspirativa por agulha fina, o qual evidenciou alterações características de um histiocitoma. A causa etiológica é de origem desconhecida. Não foi realizado procedimento cirúrgico para exérese do tumor, e sim, instituído tratamento conservador, havendo remissão total do tumor após duas semanas.(AU)
Canine cutaneus histiocytoma is a benign round cell tumor, being one of the most common cutaneous neoplasms seen in young dogs. This paper aims to report a case of a canine diagnosed with histiocytoma. After an initial clinical examination the animal was referred to the fine needle aspiration cytology, which showed characteristics changes of a histiocytoma. The etiological cause is of unknown origin. No surgical procedure was performed for tumor excision, but conservative treatment was institued with total tumor remission after two weeks.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/veterinary , Dog Diseases , Skin Neoplasms/veterinaryABSTRACT
O histiocitoma cutâneo canino é um tumor benigno de células redondas, sendo uma das neoplasias cutâneas mais comuns visto em cães jovens. Este trabalho, tem o objetivo de relatar um caso de um canino jovem diagnosticado com histiocitoma. Após um exame clínico inicial o animal foi encaminhado para o exame de citologia aspirativa por agulha fina, o qual evidenciou alterações características de um histiocitoma. A causa etiológica é de origem desconhecida. Não foi realizado procedimento cirúrgico para exérese do tumor, e sim, instituído tratamento conservador, havendo remissão total do tumor após duas semanas.
Canine cutaneus histiocytoma is a benign round cell tumor, being one of the most common cutaneous neoplasms seen in young dogs. This paper aims to report a case of a canine diagnosed with histiocytoma. After an initial clinical examination the animal was referred to the fine needle aspiration cytology, which showed characteristics changes of a histiocytoma. The etiological cause is of unknown origin. No surgical procedure was performed for tumor excision, but conservative treatment was institued with total tumor remission after two weeks.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Dog Diseases , Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/veterinary , Skin Neoplasms/veterinarySubject(s)
Angiomyoma , Nail Diseases , Rare Diseases , Skin Neoplasms , Aged , Angiomyoma/metabolism , Angiomyoma/pathology , Humans , Male , Nail Diseases/metabolism , Nail Diseases/pathology , Rare Diseases/metabolism , Rare Diseases/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/metabolism , Skin Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
We described a case of melanoma located in the right phalanx in a dog. A defined bitch,11 years old, was referred to the Medical Clinic of the UFCG Veterinary Hospital witha history of increased volume at the distal end of the right thoracic limb. After theclinical evaluation and surgical correction, the material was sent to the Laboratory ofAnimal Pathology (LPA), Veterinary Hospital (HV), Federal University of CampinaGrande (UFCG) PB. Macroscopically, the mass was nodular, skin-coated, measuring10 x 7.0 x 6.5 cm and ulcerated central area 5 cm in diameter. When cutting, it exhibiteda blackish, multilobular and firm surface. Microscopically, a thickly cellular, infiltrativeand non-encapsulated tumor mass was observed in the epidermis. This paper reports acase of digital melanoma, diagnosed by histopathological examination.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Melanoma/veterinary , Bones of Upper Extremity/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/veterinaryABSTRACT
We described a case of melanoma located in the right phalanx in a dog. A defined bitch,11 years old, was referred to the Medical Clinic of the UFCG Veterinary Hospital witha history of increased volume at the distal end of the right thoracic limb. After theclinical evaluation and surgical correction, the material was sent to the Laboratory ofAnimal Pathology (LPA), Veterinary Hospital (HV), Federal University of CampinaGrande (UFCG) PB. Macroscopically, the mass was nodular, skin-coated, measuring10 x 7.0 x 6.5 cm and ulcerated central area 5 cm in diameter. When cutting, it exhibiteda blackish, multilobular and firm surface. Microscopically, a thickly cellular, infiltrativeand non-encapsulated tumor mass was observed in the epidermis. This paper reports acase of digital melanoma, diagnosed by histopathological examination.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Melanoma/veterinary , Bones of Upper Extremity/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/veterinaryABSTRACT
Introdução: Sabe-se que devido às mudanças de hábitos da população em relação à exposição solar, a incidência de câncer de pele aumentou nos últimos anos. A grande presença de descendentes de europeus na região Sul torna essa população, de pele clara, mais propensa a sofrer danos ocasionados pelo sol e, conseqüentemente, a desenvolver câncer de pele. Objetivos: Analisar o comportamento com relação à prevenção de carcinomas de pele da população gaúcha, que migra para o litoral de Capão da Canoa e de Torres RS, durante o período do verão de 2007. Metodologia: Foram respondidos 600 questionários nas praias de Torres e Capão da Canoa. Resultados: A maioria dos veranistas se expõe em horários impróprios ao sol, apesar de utilizarem filtro solar e outros meios físicos de fotoproteção. A maioria tem conhecimento sobre os malefícios da exposição inapropriada ao sol, porém já sofreu algum tipo de dano solar e não usa filtro solar quando pratica esportes ao ar livre. A raça branca tem maior relação com história familiar positiva de câncer de pele. Conclusão: Apesar do conhecimento sobre os danos provocados pela exposição solar inadequada, do uso de filtro solar e outros meios físicos de fotoproteção, os veranistas se expõem em horário de maior risco (AU)
Introduction: It is known that incidence of skin cancer has increased lately due to populations behavior change with regard to sunlight exposure. The large number of European descendents in southern Brazil renders this population increased chance of having skin problems due to sunlight exposure and, consequently, to develop skin cancer. Objectives: To analyse de behavior of southern Brazilian population that migrates to Torres and Capão da Canoa RS seaboards, with regards to skin cancer prevention, during 2007 summer vacation. Methods: Six hundred questionnaires were answered at the beaches of Torres and Capão da Canoa. Results: Most holidayers expose themselves to sunlight during inappropriate hours, even though they wear UV filters or blockers and other physical means of sunlight protection. Most of them have knowledge about inappropriate sunlight exposure damages, although they have already suffered some kind of UV ray skin injure. Furthermore, they do not wear sunscreen lotion while playing outdoor sports. Whites have increased positive skin cancer family history. Conclusion: Despite the knowledge about damages that inadequate sunlight exposure can cause, as well as about sunscreen lotions and others UV ray physical barriers, holidayers expose themselves to sunlight during hours of highest risk (AU)