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1.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 46(8): 577-584, oct. 2023. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-225935

ABSTRACT

There is uncertainty regarding Wilson's disease (WD) management. Objectives: To assess, in a multicenter Spanish retrospective cohort study, whether the approach to WD is homogeneous among centers. Methods: Data on WD patients followed at 32 Spanish hospitals were collected. Results: 153 cases, 58% men, 20.6 years at diagnosis, 69.1% hepatic presentation, were followed for 15.5 years. Discordant results in non-invasive laboratory parameters were present in 39.8%. Intrahepatic copper concentration was pathologic in 82.4%. Genetic testing was only done in 56.6% with positive results in 83.9%. A definite WD diagnosis (Leipzig score ≥4) was retrospectively confirmed in 92.5% of cases. Chelating agents were standard initial therapy (75.2%) with frequent modifications (57%), particularly to maintenance zinc. Enzyme normalization was not achieved by one third, most commonly in the setting of poor compliance, lack of genetic mutations and/or presence of cardiometabolic risk factors. Although not statistically significant, there were trends for sex differences in number of diagnosed cases, age at diagnosis and biochemical response. Conclusions: Significant heterogeneity in diagnosis and management of WD patients emerges from this multicenter study that includes both small and large reference centers. The incorporation of genetic testing will likely improve diagnosis. Sex differences need to be further explored. (AU)


Existe incertidumbre con respecto al manejo de la enfermedad de Wilson (EW). Objetivos: Evaluar, en un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo español multicéntrico, si el abordaje de la EW es homogéneo entre los centros. Métodos: Se recogieron datos sobre pacientes con EW seguidos en 32 hospitales españoles. Resultados: Un total de 153 casos, 58% hombres, 20,6 años al diagnóstico, 69,1% presentación hepática, fueron seguidos durante 15,5 años. Se objetivaron resultados discordantes en parámetros de laboratorio no invasivos en el 39,8%. La concentración intrahepática de cobre fue patológica en el 82,4%. Las pruebas genéticas solo se realizaron en el 56,6% con resultados positivos en el 83,9%. Un diagnóstico definitivo de EW (puntuación de Leipzig ≥4) se confirmó retrospectivamente en el 92,5% de los casos. Los agentes quelantes fueron la terapia inicial estándar (75,2%) con modificaciones frecuentes (57%), particularmente hacia zinc de mantenimiento. La normalización enzimática no se logró en un tercio, más comúnmente en el contexto de un cumplimiento deficiente, ausencia de mutaciones genéticas y/o presencia de factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos. Aunque sin alcanzar significación estadística, observamos diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en el número de casos, edad en el momento del diagnóstico y la respuesta bioquímica. Conclusiones: De este estudio multicéntrico que incluye centros de referencia pequeños y grandes se desprende una heterogeneidad significativa en el diagnóstico y manejo de los pacientes con EW. La incorporación de pruebas genéticas ha mejorado el diagnóstico. Las diferencias de sexo deben explorarse más a fondo en estudios futuros. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/diagnosis , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/genetics , Cohort Studies , Retrospective Studies , Spain , Trientine , Genetic Testing
2.
Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 46(8): 577-584, 2023 Oct.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36372257

ABSTRACT

There is uncertainty regarding Wilson's disease (WD) management. OBJECTIVES: To assess, in a multicenter Spanish retrospective cohort study, whether the approach to WD is homogeneous among centers. METHODS: Data on WD patients followed at 32 Spanish hospitals were collected. RESULTS: 153 cases, 58% men, 20.6 years at diagnosis, 69.1% hepatic presentation, were followed for 15.5 years. Discordant results in non-invasive laboratory parameters were present in 39.8%. Intrahepatic copper concentration was pathologic in 82.4%. Genetic testing was only done in 56.6% with positive results in 83.9%. A definite WD diagnosis (Leipzig score ≥4) was retrospectively confirmed in 92.5% of cases. Chelating agents were standard initial therapy (75.2%) with frequent modifications (57%), particularly to maintenance zinc. Enzyme normalization was not achieved by one third, most commonly in the setting of poor compliance, lack of genetic mutations and/or presence of cardiometabolic risk factors. Although not statistically significant, there were trends for sex differences in number of diagnosed cases, age at diagnosis and biochemical response. CONCLUSIONS: Significant heterogeneity in diagnosis and management of WD patients emerges from this multicenter study that includes both small and large reference centers. The incorporation of genetic testing will likely improve diagnosis. Sex differences need to be further explored.


Subject(s)
Hepatolenticular Degeneration , Humans , Female , Male , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/diagnosis , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/genetics , Retrospective Studies , Chelating Agents/therapeutic use , Zinc , Copper , Penicillamine/therapeutic use
3.
Rev. Urug. med. Interna ; 4(2): 32-37, jul. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092357

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La Enfermedad de Wilson es un trastorno genético raro que puede presentarse a cualquier edad y se caracteriza por el depósito de cobre a nivel hepático y cerebral. La afectación hepática abarca desde formas asintomática hasta falla hepática fulminante o cirrosis. Su diagnóstico precoz tiene implicancias pronósticas ya que el tratamiento puede lograr un balance negativo de cobre, permitir el control sintomático y prevenir la progresión de la enfermedad. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 27 años, con dolor abdominal, en el que se hizo el diagnóstico de Enfermedad de Wilson a partir de una hipertransaminasemia leve. Los hallazgos que orientaron al diagnóstico fueron una cupruria aumentada por inducción con D-penicilamina y una cuantificación de cobre en tejido hepático seco elevada. Con un estadio de fibrosis leve, se comenzó tratamiento con D-penicilamina con buena tolerancia y la normalización de las alteraciones bioquímicas.


Abstract: Wilson's disease is a rare genetic disorder that can occur at any age and is characterized by copper deposition in the liver and brain. Liver involvement ranges from asymptomatic forms to fulminant hepatic failure or cirrhosis. Its early diagnosis has prognostic implications since the treatment can achieve a negative copper balance, allow symptomatic control and prevent the progression of the disease. We present the case of a 27-year-old man with abdominal pain, who was diagnosed with Wilson's disease from mild hypertransaminasemia. The findings that led to the diagnosis were an increased cupruria by induction with D-penicillamine and a quantification of copper in elevated dry liver tissue. With a stage of mild fibrosis, treatment with D-penicillamine was started with good tolerance and normalization of biochemical alterations.


Resumo: Doença de Wilson é uma doença genética rara que pode ocorrer em qualquer idade e é caracterizada pela deposição de cobre no fígado e no cérebro. O envolvimento do fígado varia de formas assintomáticas a insuficiência hepática fulminante ou cirrose. Seu diagnóstico precoce tem implicações prognósticas, uma vez que o tratamento pode alcançar um balanço negativo do cobre, permitir o controle sintomático e prevenir a progressão da doença. Apresentamos o caso de um homem de 27 anos com dor abdominal, diagnosticado com doença de Wilson de hipertransaminasemia leve. Os achados que levaram ao diagnóstico foram aumento da cuprúria por indução com D-penicilamina e quantificação de cobre em tecido hepático seco elevado. Com uma fase de fibrose leve, o tratamento com D-penicilamina foi iniciado com boa tolerância e normalização das alterações bioquímicas.

4.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 74(5): 397-399, oct. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-131420

ABSTRACT

Las nefropatías tóxicas secundarias a la exposición ocupacional a metales han sido ampliamente estudiadas. La nefropatía membranosa por mercurio es poco frecuente.La intoxicación ocupacional con mercurio sí es frecuente, siendo las principales formas de presentación las manifestaciones clínicas neurológicas. La afectación renal secundaria a la exposición crónica a mercurio metálico puede desarrollar enfermedad glomerular por depósito de inmunocomplejos. La glomerulopatía membranosa y a cambios mínimos son las más frecuentemente comunicadas.Se presenta el caso de un paciente con exposición ocupacional a mercurio metálico, con síndrome nefrótico y biopsia renal con glomerulopatía membranosa que presentó respuesta favorable luego del tratamiento quelante e inmunosupresor.(AU)


Toxic nephrophaties secondary to occupational exposure to metals have been widely studied, including membranous nephropathy by mercury, which is rare. Occupational poisoning by mercury is frequent, neurological symptoms are the main form of clinical presentation. Secondary renal involvement in chronic exposure to metallic mercury can cause glomerular disease by deposit of immune-complexes. Membranous glomerulopathy and minimal change disease are the most frequently reported forms. Here we describe the case of a patient with occupational exposure to metallic mercury, where nephrotic syndrome due to membranous glomerulonephritis responded favorably to both chelation and immunosuppressive therapy.(AU)

5.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 74(5): 397-399, oct. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-734407

ABSTRACT

Las nefropatías tóxicas secundarias a la exposición ocupacional a metales han sido ampliamente estudiadas. La nefropatía membranosa por mercurio es poco frecuente.La intoxicación ocupacional con mercurio sí es frecuente, siendo las principales formas de presentación las manifestaciones clínicas neurológicas. La afectación renal secundaria a la exposición crónica a mercurio metálico puede desarrollar enfermedad glomerular por depósito de inmunocomplejos. La glomerulopatía membranosa y a cambios mínimos son las más frecuentemente comunicadas.Se presenta el caso de un paciente con exposición ocupacional a mercurio metálico, con síndrome nefrótico y biopsia renal con glomerulopatía membranosa que presentó respuesta favorable luego del tratamiento quelante e inmunosupresor.


Toxic nephrophaties secondary to occupational exposure to metals have been widely studied, including membranous nephropathy by mercury, which is rare. Occupational poisoning by mercury is frequent, neurological symptoms are the main form of clinical presentation. Secondary renal involvement in chronic exposure to metallic mercury can cause glomerular disease by deposit of immune-complexes. Membranous glomerulopathy and minimal change disease are the most frequently reported forms. Here we describe the case of a patient with occupational exposure to metallic mercury, where nephrotic syndrome due to membranous glomerulonephritis responded favorably to both chelation and immunosuppressive therapy.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/etiology , Mercury/toxicity , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Chelation Therapy , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/therapy , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Nephrotic Syndrome/etiology , Nephrotic Syndrome/therapy
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