Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 26
Filter
1.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 50(6)dic. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550793

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the impact of COVID-19 on vitamin E concentrations and oxidative stress in patients affected by the disease. Method: We conducted a systematic review using observational studies published between 2020 and 2023, which addressed the impact of COVID-19 on vitamin E concentrations and oxidative stress in patients affected by the disease. Review articles, clinical trials, letters to the editor, as well as studies conducted with pregnant women, animals and/or in vitro tests, and in languages other than English were excluded from this search. Studies were selected through a literature search in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science, from October 2022 to May 2023. Results: Three articles were included in this review, consisting of patients with mild to severe symptoms, including those hospitalized in the intensive care unit. The reduction in vitamin E concentrations was in all studies accompanied by a reduction in enzymes involved in antioxidant action, such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. In parallel to this, studies showed elevated concentrations of lipid peroxidation markers, such as malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase. Conclusion: Infection with the SARS-COV-2 alters the activity of antioxidant cells and free radical defense agents.


Objetivo: Determinar el impacto del COVID-19 sobre las concentraciones de vitamina E y el estrés oxidativo en pacientes afectados por la enfermedad. Método: Se trata de una Revisión Sistemática, realizada mediante una prospección de estudios observatorios publicados entre 2020 y 2023, que abordaron el impacto de la COVID-19 sobre las concentraciones de vitamina E y el estrés oxidativo en pacientes afectados por la enfermedad. Se excluyeron de esta búsqueda artículos de revisión, ensayos clínicos, cartas al editor, así como estudios realizados con mujeres embarazadas, animales y/o ensayos in vitro, y en idiomas distintos al inglés. Los estudios se seleccionaron mediante una búsqueda bibliográfica en las siguientes bases de datos electrónicas: PubMed, Science Direct y Web of Science, desde octubre de 2022 hasta mayo de 2023. Resultados: Se incluyeron tres artículos en esta revisión, que consistían en pacientes con síntomas de leves a graves, incluidos los hospitalizados en la unidad de terapia intensiva. La reducción de las concentraciones de vitamina E se acompañó en todos los estudios de una reducción de las enzimas implicadas en la acción antioxidante, como la superóxido dismutasa, la glutatión peroxidasa y la glutatión reductasa. Paralelamente, los estudios mostraron concentraciones elevadas de marcadores de peroxidación lipídica, como el malondialdehído y la mieloperoxidasa. Conclusiones: La infección por el virus del SARS-CoV-2 altera la actividad de las células antioxidantes y de los agentes de defensa contra los radicales libres.

2.
Prev. tab ; 25(3): 85-92, Julio - Septiembre 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-226891

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes y objetivo. El tabaquismo es el principal factor de riesgo de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). N-acetilcisteína (NAC) es un agente mucolítico con propiedades antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias que ha demostrado ser eficaz en la reducción de la tasa de exacerbaciones y mejoría clínica de los pacientes con EPOC. El objetivo del trabajo es conocer la opinión de terapeutas expertos acerca del perfil o perfiles de los pacientes fumadores que pueden ser candidatos al uso de NAC. Métodos. Se efectuó una encuesta distribuida a las unidades de tabaquismo de España y una Reunión de Expertos en tabaquismo y EPOC, en la que los Expertos pudieron debatir abiertamente los tópicos seleccionados. Resultados. Los expertos reconocieron el papel del tabaquismo en la generación de estrés oxidativo y concordaron en emplear la terapia mucolítica/antioxidante para fumadores o exfumadores con síntomas respiratorios. Se debatió la necesidad de ampliar las indicaciones de esta terapia a otros perfiles de pacientes. Se señaló también el potencial efecto preventivo de la NAC sobre el daño pulmonar por su acción antioxidante, aunque se necesitaría más evidencia en este ámbito específico del tabaquismo. Se puso énfasis en diferenciar la dosis de NAC como mucolítico (600 mg/día)o antioxidante (1.200 mg/día). Conclusiones. Los expertos valoraron a NAC como un fármaco bien tolerado, de sencillo uso, con un conocido buen perfil de seguridad y un gran potencial para lograr los objetivos terapéuticos por su alta capacidad antioxidante. (AU)


Background and objective. The smoking habit is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a mucolytic agent with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that has been demonstrated to be effective in the reduction of the rate of exacerbations and clinical improvement of patients with COPD. This study aims to know the opinion of the expert therapists on the profile(s) of the patients who smoke and who may be candidates for the use of NAC. Methods. A survey was performed, distributing it to the smoking units in Spain and to a Meeting of Experts on the smoking habit and COPD in which the Experts could openly debate on the selected topics. Results. The experts recognized the role of the smoking habit in the generation of oxidative stress and agreed to use the mucolytic/antioxidant treatment for smokers or ex-smokers with respiratory symptoms. The need to extend the indications of this therapy to other patient profiles was debated. The potential preventive effect of NAC on lung damage due to its antioxidant action was also pointed out, although more evidence in this special area of the smoking habit would be necessary. Emphasis was placed on differentiating the NAC dose as a mucolytic (600 mg/day) or as an antioxidant (1,200 mg/day). Conclusions. The experts evaluated NAC as a drug that is well-tolerated, easy-to-use, with a known good safety profile and having great potential to achieve the therapeutic objectives due to its high antioxidant capacity. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Acetylcysteine/administration & dosage , Acetylcysteine/adverse effects , Acetylcysteine/therapeutic use , Tobacco Use Disorder/therapy , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Oxidative Stress , Expert Testimony
3.
An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción) ; 55(1): 27-38, 20220401.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-1366663

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Procesos como la mutagénesis, la carcinogénesis y la teratogénesis son producto de la interacción de agentes de origen endógeno como exógeno que interactúan con la molécula de ADN en forma crónica produciendo rupturas en la doble hélice, y en cromosomas completos resultando en la inestabilidad genómica. El estrés oxidativo al que se encuentran sometidas las células al formarse las especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS) y también las especies reactivas de nitrógeno (RNS), que pueden provenir de radicales producidos a consecuencia de la diabetes o en estados iniciales de la enfermedad renal crónica o como respuesta a procesos inflamatorios en estados avanzados de estas patologías, actúan como agentes genotóxicos endógenos.Objetivos: Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el daño basal en la molécula de ADN de pacientes diabéticos hemodializados, a través del ensayo del Cometa, como un bioindicador de inestabilidad genómica., durante seis meses de tratamiento. Materiales y métodos: Se planteó un estudio longitudinal prospectivo de cohorte para comparar los diferentes niveles de daño antes y durante los primeros seis del tratamiento de hemodiálisis. Se evaluó con el test del cometa o electroforesis de células individuales, el daño basal en muestras de sangre venosa de pacientes diagnosticados con Diabetes de tipo II como control negativo y en pacientes diabéticos con enfermedad renal crónica antes de iniciar el tratamiento de diálisis y luego durante el tratamiento. Se utilizó el test de t- Student para muestras independientes y emparejadas. Resultados: Se observó un aumento significativo de daño basal y oxidativo en el material genético de pacientes diabéticos con enfermedad renal crónica, comparados con los controles negativos (p< 0.005) y se observó, además, que el daño celular aumenta con el tratamiento de hemodiálisis (p<0.005). Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación permiten concluir que el estrés oxidativo tiene un efecto genotóxico y que el nivel de daño genético es un buen bioindicador del avance de la enfermedad renal crónica y que la hemodiálisis induce a un aumento de daño a nivel del material genético, aumentando el riesgo de carcinogénesis.


Introduction: Processes such as mutagenesis, carcinogenesis and teratogenesis are the product of the interaction of agents of endogenous and exogenous origin that interact with the DNA molecule in a chronic way producing ruptures in the double helix, and in complete chromosomes resulting in genomic instability. The oxidative stress to which the cells are subjected when reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are formed, which may come from radicals produced as a result of diabetes or in initial stages of chronic kidney disease or in response to inflammatory processes in advanced stages of these pathologies, act as endogenous genotoxic agents. Objectives: This research aimed to determine the basal damage in the DNA molecule of hemodialyzed diabetic patients, through the Comet assay, as a bioindicator of genomic instability, during six months of treatment. Materials and methods: For this research, a prospective longitudinal cohort study was proposed to compare the different levels of genetic damage before and during the first six of hemodialysis treatment. Baseline damage was evaluated with the comet test or single cell electrophoresis, in venous blood samples from patients diagnosed with Type II Diabetes as a negative control and in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease before starting dialysis treatment and then during treatment. Results: A significant increase in basal and oxidative damage was observed in the genetic material of diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease, compared to negative controls (p< 0.005) and it was also observed that cell damage increases with hemodialysis treatment (p<0.005). The t-Student test was used for independent and paired samples. Conclusion: The results obtained in this research allow us to conclude that oxidative stress has a genotoxic effect and that the level of genetic damage is a good bioindicator of the progression of chronic kidney disease and that hemodialysis induces an increase in damage at the level of the genetic material, increasing the risk of carcinogenesis.


Subject(s)
Renal Dialysis , Comet Assay , Dialysis , Research , DNA , Oxidative Stress
4.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 35: e210079, 2022. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387496

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective Acrylamide is a toxic compound widely used in industrial sectors. Acrylamide causes reactive oxygen species formation and the subsequent lipid peroxidation reaction, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of oxidative damage. Taxifolin is a flavonoid with antioxidant properties that inhibit reactive oxygen species formation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the preventive effect of taxifolin on acrylamide-induced oxidative heart damage. Methods The rats were divided into three groups: Acrylamide, Acrylamide+Taxifolin , and Healthy group. Water and food intake and body weight alterations were recorded daily. Malondialdehyde, total glutathione, nuclear factor kappa-B, total oxidant status, and total antioxidant status levels were analyzed from the heart tissue. Troponin-I levels, the parameter known as a cardiac biomarker, were analyzed from the blood sample. The cardiac histopathologic examination was also performed. Results In the Acrylamide group animals, the malondialdehyde, nuclear factor kappa-B, total oxidant status, and troponin-I levels were significantly higher compared to the ones of Acrylamide+Taxifolin and Healthy groups. The levels of total glutathione and total antioxidant status were significantly lower compared to Acrylamide+Taxifolin and Healthy groups'. Additionally, in the Acrylamide group, body weight gain, food and water intake, significantly declined compared to the Acrylamide+Taxifolin and Healthy groups. However, in the Acrylamide+Taxifolin group, taxifolin supplementation brought these values close to Healthy group ones. Furthermore, taxifolin treatment ameliorated structural myocardial damage signs induced by acrylamide. Conclusion Acrylamide exposure significantly induced oxidative damage to rat heart tissue. Taxifolin was able to improve the toxic consequences of acrylamide biochemically and histopathologically, possibly due to its antioxidant properties.


RESUMO Objetivo A acrilamida é um composto tóxico amplamente utilizado em setores industriais. Ela causa a formação de reativas de oxigênio e subsequente reação de peroxidação lipídica, que desempenham um papel importante na patogênese do dano oxidativo. A taxifolina é um flavonóide com propriedades antioxidantes que inibe a formação de reativas de oxigênio. Neste estudo, o objetivo foi investigar o efeito preventivo da taxifolina no dano cardíaco oxidativo induzido por acrilamida. Métodos Os ratos foram divididos em três grupos: Acrilamida, Acrilamida+Taxifolina e grupo Saudável. Ingestão de água e comida e alterações de peso corporal dos animais foram registradas diariamente. Malondialdeído, glutationa total, fator nuclear kappa-B, estado oxidante total e estado antioxidante total foram analisados no tecido cardíaco dos ratos. Os níveis de troponina-I, - parâmetro conhecido como biomarcador cardíaco, foram analisados a partir de amostra de sangue. Um exame histopatológico cardíaco também foi realizado. Resultados Nos animais do grupo Acrilamida, os níveis de malondialdeído, fator nuclear kappa-B, estado oxidante total e troponina-I foram significativamente maiores em comparação com os do grupo Acrilamida+Taxifolina e Saudável. Os níveis de glutationa total e estado antioxidante total foram significativamente mais baixos em comparação com grupos Acrilamida+Taxifolina e Saudável. Além disso, no grupo Acrilamida, o ganho de peso corporal e a ingestão de alimentos e água diminuíram significativamente em comparação com os animais dos grupos Acrilamida+Taxifolina e Saudável. No entanto, no grupo Acrilamida+Taxifolina, a suplementação com taxifolina aproximou esses valores aos do grupo Saudável. Além disso, o tratamento com taxifolina melhorou os sinais de dano miocárdico estrutural induzidos pela acrilamida. Conclusão A exposição à acrilamida induziu significativamente o dano oxidativo do tecido cardíaco dos ratos. A taxifolina foi capaz de melhorar as consequências tóxicas da acrilamida bioquímica e histopatologicamente, possivelmente devido às suas propriedades antioxidantes.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Flavonoids/therapeutic use , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Acrylamide/adverse effects , Acrylamide/toxicity , Heart/drug effects
5.
Med Intensiva (Engl Ed) ; 45(1): 35-41, 2021.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31492477

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Secondary injury due to oxidation may occur during ischemic stroke, possibly leading to oxidative damage to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Higher blood concentrations of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (through the oxidation of guanosine from DNA) have been found in ischemic stroke patients than in healthy subjects, and in patients with versus without post-ischemic stroke depression. The present study was carried out to explore the possible association between serum DNA and RNA oxidative damage and mortality in patients with cerebral infarction. METHODS: A prospective, multicenter observational study was carried out in the Intensive Care Units of 6 Spanish hospitals. We included patients with severe malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) defined as ischemic changes evidenced by computed tomography in more than 50% of the middle cerebral artery territory and a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS)<9. Serum concentrations of the three oxidized guanine species (OGS) (8-hydroxyguanine from DNA or RNA, 8-hydroxyguanosine from RNA, and 8-OHdG from DNA) on the day of MMCAI diagnosis were determined. The study endpoint was 30-day mortality. RESULTS: We found higher serum OGS levels (p<0.001) in non-surviving (n=34) than in surviving patients (n=34). Logistic regression analyses showed serum OGS levels to be associated to 30-day mortality controlling for lactic acid, GCS and platelet count (OR=1.568; 95%CI=1.131-2.174; p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The novel observation in this study is the association between global serum OGS concentration and mortality in ischemic stroke patients.

6.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 19(6): 555-568, 2020. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1284299

ABSTRACT

Despite the development of modern medicine, alternative medicine, which has not lost its timeliness, remains attractive for the treatment of various diseases. Glabridin, a major flavonoid of Glycyrrhiza glabra, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was: 1) to determine the possible protective role of glabridin against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of the intestine; 2) to evaluate the in vitrocontractile responses of ileum smooth muscles to acetylcholine after an intestinal I/R; and 3) to explain the underlying molecular mechanism of its effect. Rats were assigned to groups of six rats each; 1) I/R, 2) gla10, 3) gla20, 4) gla40, 5) N5-[imino(nitroamino)methyl]-L-ornithine, methyl ester monohydrochloride (L-NAME)+gla40, and 6) Sham group. The healing effect of glabridin was abolished by L-NAME. Glabridin did not cause contractility of the smooth muscles to acetylcholine-induced contractile responses in intestinal I/R. Yet, it increased to spontaneous basal activity.


A pesar del desarrollo de la medicina moderna, la medicina alternativa, sin perder su vigencia, sigue siendo atractiva para el tratamiento de varias enfermedades. Glabradina, el flavonoide mayoritario de Glycyrrhiza glabra, es conocido por su actividad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria. Los propósitos de este estudio fueron: 1) Determinar el posible rol protector de glabradina ante daños intestinales por isquemia/reperfusion (I/R) 2) Evaluar in vitrolas respuestas de contracción de los músculos lisos del ileum ante acetilcolina después de I/R intestinal; y 3) Explicar el mecanismo molecular subyacente de este efecto. Se asignaron grupos de seis ratas: 1) I/R, 2) gla10, 3) gla20, 4) gla40, 5) N5-[imino(nitroamino)metil]-L-ornithina, metil ester monohidrochloruro (L-NAME)+gla40, y 6) Grupo testigo. El efecto curativo de glabridina fue abolido por L-NAME. Glabridina no causó contracción en el músculo liso como respuesta acetilcolina-inducida I/R. Además, incrementa la actividad basal expontánea.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Phenols/administration & dosage , Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy , Cyclic AMP/metabolism , Glycyrrhiza , Isoflavones/administration & dosage , Phenols/pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Cyclic AMP/analysis , Cyclic GMP/metabolism , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester , Ileum/drug effects , Ileum/chemistry , Isoflavones/pharmacology , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Muscle, Smooth/drug effects
7.
Cienc. Salud (St. Domingo) ; 3(2): 17-33, 20190726. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1379146

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la hipertensión arterial (HTA) es una de las mayores cargas de enfermedad y riesgo para infarto cardíaco, la insuficiencia cardíaca y el fallo renal. Se reconoce que el estrés oxidativo (EO) es un determinante en el desarrollo de complicaciones y el progreso de la HTA. Se determinó el índice de EO (IEO) en individuos con HTA y en un grupo sano control, para evaluar su posible correlación. Materiales y métodos: se midió IEO en una población de 112 individuos con HTA de distintos grados entre 50 y 70 años escogidos al azar y se comparó con los valores de un grupo control de voluntarios sanos, con la intención de definir el grado de correlación entre los niveles del IEO y la severidad de HTA, mediante la medición de biomarcadores para el EO en lisado de eritrocitos. Resultados: a pesar de que los beneficios de la terapia antioxidante (TAO) no han sido definitivamente probadas, en gran parte porque las enfermedades complejas no dependen de un solo componente fisiopatogénico, el EO sigue siendo una piedra angular en el desarrollo de complicaciones y el empeoramiento de los cuadros clínicos de muchos padecimientos. La demostración de biomarcardores específicos mejora la posibilidad de una TAO dirigida. El presente ensayo demostró que la edad, el género y la etnia no influyen en el IEO y que el EO fue severo en los casos de HTA iii, moderado en HTA ii y estuvo ausente en el subgrupo con HTA grado i. Conclusiones: estos resultados sugieren una relación entre los niveles de EO y severidad de HTA y sustenta evidencias para diseñar nuevos ensayos clínicos que evalúen la eficacia de una TAO adyuvante en el manejo de la HTA


Introduction: Arterial hypertension (AHT) is one of the major burdens of disease and risk for cardiac infarction, heart failure and renal failure. It is recognized that the oxidative stress (OS) is a determining factor in the development of complications and the progress of the AHT. OS Index (OSI) in individuals with AHT and a healthy control group, was determined to assess their possible correlation. Methods: OSI was measured in a population of 112 individuals with AHT of different levels between 50 and 70 years old, chosen at random and compared with the values of healthy volunteers control group with the aim of defining the degree of correlation between the levels of the OSI and the AHT severity, by measuring biomarkers for OS in a red cell lysate. Discussion: Despite the benefits of an antioxidant therapy (AOT) have not been definitely proven, largely because the complex diseases do not depend on a single pathophysiological component, OS remains as a cornerstone in the development of complications and the worsening of the clinical pictures of many ailments. The demonstration of specific biomarkers improve the possibility of an addressed AOT. This trial showed th at the age, gender and ethnicity do not influence the OSI and that OS was severe in HTA iii cases, moderate in HTA ii cases and was absent in the subgroup with HTA i. Conclusions: These results suggest a relationship between levels of EO and severity of hypertension and support evidence to design new clinical trials assessing the efficacy of an adjuvant AOT in the management of HTA


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Oxidative Stress , Hypertension , Patients , Prospective Studies , Dominican Republic
8.
Rev. bras. ciênc. esporte ; 40(3): 273-280, jul.-set. 2018. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-977496

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este estudo teve por objetivo comparar os efeitos do exercício agudo com carga de trabalho relativa em gastrocnêmio de ratos Wistar com três e 18 meses. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos (n = 6): controle de três e 18 meses; exercício de três e 18 meses. Os grupos exercitados foram submetidos a uma única sessão de corrida na esteira com 60 minutos em velocidade de 0,8 km/h e 1,2 km/h. Foram analisados parâmetros do metabolismo (níveis de lactato, conteúdo de glicogênio, níveis de succinato desidrogenase, citocromo c oxidase e de estresse oxidativo (SOD, CAT e GPX). Os resultados mostraram um aumento nos marcadores metabólicos após o exercício agudo independentemente da idade dos animais e similaridade nos danos oxidativos apesar de as enzimas antioxidantes apresentarem modulação diferenciada nos animais mais velhos em comparação com animais jovens.


Abstract The effects of exercise on the generation of reactive oxygen species and the response to muscle oxidative stress determines longevity. This study compares the effects of acute exercise with similar relative workload in rats with 3 and 18 months. The animals were divided into four groups (n = 6): control 3-months; exercise 3-months; control 18-months and exercise 18-months. Exercised groups underwent to a single bout of running with 60 minutes in the speed 0.8 km/h (18 months) and 1.2 km/h (3 months). Metabolic parameters (lactate levels, glycogen content, succinate dehydrogenase levels, cytochrome c oxidase) and oxidative stress (activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase). The results showed an increase in metabolic markers after acute exercise regardless of the age and similarity in oxidative damage even if the antioxidant enzymes are age-dependent. These results suggest that the effects of acute exercise at moderate intensity, affects the metabolism independent of age, and, that the differential response in enzymatic antioxidant system between groups do not promote protection against oxidative damage.


Este estudio ha tenido como objetivo comparar los efectos del ejercicio agudo con carga de trabajo relativamente similar en el gastrocnemio de ratas Wistar con 3 y 8 meses. Se separó a los animales en cuatro grupos (n = 6): control de 3 y 18 meses, y ejercicio de 3 y 18 meses. Se sometió a los grupos de ejercicio a una sola sesión de carrera en la cinta durante 60 minutos con una velocidad de 0,8 km/h y 1,2 km/h. Se analizaron algunos parámetros del metabolismo (niveles de lactato, contenido de glucógeno, niveles de succionato-deshidrogenasa, citocromo c-oxidasa e de estrés oxidativo [superóxido-dismutasa, catalasa y glutatión-peroxidasa]). Los resultados mostraron un aumento de los marcadores metabólicos después del ejercicio agudo independientemente de la edad de los animales y la similitud de los daños oxidativos aunque las enzimas antioxidantes presentan modulación diferenciada en animales viejos en comparación con animales jóvenes.

9.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 31(3): 263-273, May-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041264

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective Nutritional diseases such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disorder, chronic inflammation or even cancer are observed in people who sustain their lifestyle by Western diet due to high calorie intake. The origin of these diseases are the degraded deoxyribonucleic acid structure. In this study, we investigated whether Western diet produced endogenous oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage, apoptosis or inflammation. Methods Twenty-eight male Wistar rats, aged 10-12 weeks, were divided into four groups. The rats in control group received the standard diet and the remaining rats were given one of the following three diets for four weeks: a high-fat diet containing 35% fat, a high-sucrose diet containing 69% sucrose and Western diet comprising both two types of diets. After treatment the serum 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1, chitinase-3-like protein 1, soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, Fas ligand and cytochrome c levels were measured. Results It was observed no changes in the serum soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, Fas ligand and cytochrome c levels whereas a statistically significant increase in the serum 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 and chitinase-3-like protein 1 levels were found only in rats that were given Western diet. Conclusion The findings show that Western diet produced endogenous oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage, which then increased serum poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 levels, eventually leading to inflammation.


RESUMO Objetivo Doenças nutricionais, como síndrome metabólica, distúrbios cardiovasculares, inflamação crônica ou mesmo câncer, são observadas em pessoas que sustentam seu estilo de vida na dieta ocidental, caracterizada pela alta ingestão de calorias. Dado que a origem dessas doenças é a estrutura degradada do ácido desoxirribonucleico, o presente estudo investigou se a dieta ocidental produzia dano oxidativo endógeno ao ácido desoxirribonucleico, apoptose ou inflamação. Métodos Foram utilizados 28 ratos Wistar machos, com idade entre 10-12 semanas, divididos em quatro grupos. Os ratos do grupo controle receberam a dieta padrão, ao passo que os ratos restantes receberam uma das três dietas seguintes por quatro semanas: uma dieta rica em gordura contendo 35% de gordura; uma dieta rica em sacarose contendo 69% de sacarose; e dieta ocidental compreendendo os dois tipos de dietas. Após o tratamento soro 8-hidroxi-2-desoxiguanosina, poli (adenosina difosfato ribose) polimerase-1, quitinase-3-like proteína 1, uroquinase solúvel tipo de receptor ativador de plasminogênio, os níveis do ligante Fas e do citocromo c foram medidos. Resultados Não foram observadas alterações nos níveis séricos de uroquinase solúvel tipo de receptor ativador de plasminogênio, ligante Fas e citocromo c, enquanto um aumento estatisticamente significativo nos níveis séricos de 8-hidroxi-2-desoxiguanosina, poli (adenosina difosfato ribose) polimerase-1 e quitinase-3-like proteína 1 foi encontrado apenas em ratos que receberam dieta ocidental. Conclusão Os resultados mostram que a dieta ocidental produziu danos no ácido desoxirribonucleico oxidativo endógeno, o que aumentou os níveis séricos de poli (adenosina difosfato ribose) polimerase-1, levando à inflamação.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Diet, Western , Energy Intake , DNA , Dietary Fats , Rats, Wistar , Apoptosis , Diet, High-Fat , Inflammation
10.
Neurologia ; 31(8): 535-42, 2016 Oct.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25542503

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Several studies have reported increased oxidation of lipids, proteins and DNA in the brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Moreover, these patients display differences in the activity and polymorphisms of the genes encoding the enzymes GST (T1, M1) and MnSOD. For these reasons, we designed a study of the variability in GSTT1, GSTM1, and MnSOD genes in healthy and AD groups from a Venezuelan population. METHODS: We included 179 unrelated Venezuelan subjects classified as either AD patients (n=79) or healthy individuals (n=100). Presence or absence of the GSTT1/GSTM1 genes was determined using PCR-SSP, and polymorphisms of MnSOD and APOE genes were identified with PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: The genotype GSTT1+/GSTM1- seems to favour development of AD (OR=2.06, P=.01). The risk level is higher when it is combined with the ɛ4 allele of the APOE gene: GSTT1+/GSTM1-/ɛ3ɛ4 (OR=3.07, P=.05), GSTT1+/GSTM1-/ɛ4ɛ4 (OR=5.52, P=.02). The Ala-9Val polymorphism does not appear to be related to AD. However, the presence of the Ala/Ala genotype increases the risk provided by the ɛ4 allele of the APOE gene: AlaAla/ɛ3ɛ4 (OR=3.47, P=.03), AlaAla/ɛ4ɛ4 (OR=6.3, P=.01). CONCLUSIONS: The results support the hypothesis that impaired mitochondrial function and increased oxidative damage are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. It is important to study other genes related to oxidative stress and antioxidant pathways which could be involved in susceptibility to AD.


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/genetics , Apolipoprotein E4/genetics , Glutathione Transferase/genetics , Superoxide Dismutase/genetics , Age of Onset , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Mitochondria/genetics , Mitochondria/metabolism , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Venezuela/epidemiology
11.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 21(7): 740-745, dic. 2015.
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1009439

ABSTRACT

El hábito de fumar es una de las más importantes causas evitables de muerte. Globalmente, más de mil millones de personas son fumadoras, dejando vulnerable al resto de la población no fumadora expuesta al humo de segunda mano (HSM). La exposición a los componentes del cigarrillo durante el embarazo y la vida posnatal temprana es, quizá, la exposición ambiental ubicua más peligrosa y evitable. Asimismo, se demostró que el humo del cigarrillo tiene consecuencias negativas sobre la salud de los niños, en especial, durante el primer año de vida. El daño oxidativo es un cambio en el equilibrio entre los procesos prooxidantes y el sistema de defensa antioxidante a favor de los prooxidantes. Esta aparece en condiciones de producción aumentada de radicales libres, en la insuficiencia de los sistemas antioxidantes o en ambos. Se ha sugerido que el aumento del daño oxidativo desempeña un papel importante en la patogenia de varias enfermedades relacionadas con el tabaquismo. El humo del cigarrillo contiene grandes cantidades de radicales libres que muchos de ellos son oxidantes y prooxidantes. El tipo de nutrición en niños expuestos al HSM es muy importante para protegerlos del daño oxidativo. El propósito de esta revisión es efectuar una revisión de los estudios que han tratado la relación entre el daño oxidativo y el tipo de nutrición en la infancia y el daño oxidativo causado por la exposición al HSM durante los períodos prenatal, posnatal y en la infancia.


Tobacco smoking is one of the most important preventable causes of death. Globally, more than 1 billion people smoke, leaving much of the world's non-smoking population vulnerable to second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure. Exposure to tobacco constituents during pregnancy and early postnatal life is perhaps the most ubiquitous avoidable hazardous environmental exposure. Additionally, tobacco smoke has been shown to have negative consequences on infant health, especially during the first year of life. Oxidative stress is a change in balance between pro-oxidant processes and antioxidant defense system in favor of pro-oxidants. It appears in conditions of increased production of free radicals, insufficiency of antioxidant systems or both. It has been suggested that increased oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of several smoking-related diseases. Tobacco smoke contains large quantities of free radicals, many of which are oxidants and pro-oxidants. The type of nutrition in infants who are exposed to SHS is very important to protect them from oxidative stress. The purpose of this paper is to review the studies dealing with the relation between oxidative stress and the type of nutrition in infancy and oxidative stress caused by SHS exposure during prenatal, neonatal, postnatal and childhood periods.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Tobacco Use Disorder , Oxidants , Milk, Human , Antioxidants
12.
Rev cuba salud trabajo ; 16(3): 20-25, sept. -dic. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-64632

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Determinar el comportamiento de los marcadores de estrés oxidativo y genotoxicidad en individuos expuestos ocupacionalmente, por tiempos prolongados, al plomo. Material y método: Fueron estudiados 57 sujetos, de ellos, 27 trabajadores con edades comprendidas entre 35 y 64 años, expuestos al plomo por períodos de 8 a 44 años. El grupo control estuvo conformado por 30 individuos, con edades comprendidas entre 36 y 65 años, sin exposición ocupacional conocida a agentes químicos o físicos. Todos los participantes fueron incluidos en el estudio luego de emitir su consentimiento informado. Los marcadores de daño oxidativo y de defensa antioxidante, fueron medidos mediante métodos espectrofotométricos. Además, se determinó el daño al ADN mediante ensayo Cometa. Resultados: En los trabajadores expuestos se observó un incremento significativo en la concentración plasmática de peróxidos totales. Por otra parte, mostraban una disminución significativa en la actividad de la glutatión reductasa. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio permitirán el empleo de marcadores de efecto para el seguimiento de los trabajadores expuestos al plomo(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Lead , Occupational Exposure , Oxidative Stress , Genotoxicity , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies
13.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 145(1): 1-6, 2015 Jul 06.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24629690

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Obesity is characterized by a generalized increase of adipose tissue, high production of adipocytokines and presence of oxidative systemic stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes generated in the oxidative stress and anthropometric parameters in obese subjects by the prescription of a hypocaloric diet in combination with moderate aerobic exercise and supplementation with antioxidants. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Oxidative damage was determined in the plasma from 30 normal weight and 30 obese subjects. Three groups of treatment were established: Hypocaloric diet (HD), HD plus moderate aerobic exercise (HDE) and HDE plus antioxidants (DHEA). Biomarkers of oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS], carbonyl groups, dityrosine) and anthropometric parameters were determined. RESULTS: Higher values of biomarkers of oxidative damage were observed in obese (TBARS 13.74 ± 1.2 µM; carbonyl groups 0.89 ± 0.04 nmol of osazone/mg of protein; dityrosine 478.9 ± 27.4 RFU/mg of protein) in comparison to normal weight subjects (TBARS 7.08 ± 0.8 µM; carbonyl groups 0.65 ± 0.04 nmol of osazone/mg of protein; dityrosine 126.3 ± 12.6 RFU/mg of protein), thus showing the presence of an oxidative damage. The prescription of HD decreased the oxidative damage and anthropometric parameters in the obese subjects. We did not observe additional benefit effects on these determinations with HDE or HDEA treatments. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that an HD decreases the oxidative damage in obese subjects. Oxidative stress is an important factor in the development of comorbidity in obesity. Therefore, the prescription of a HD could be a key issue in the treatment of the disease.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Exercise Therapy , Obesity/diet therapy , Oxidative Stress , Adult , Anthropometry , Biomarkers , Caloric Restriction , Combined Modality Therapy , Diet, Reducing , Female , Humans , Male , Minerals/therapeutic use , Obesity/blood , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/therapy , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Protein Carbonylation , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/analysis , Treatment Outcome , Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives , Tyrosine/blood , Vitamins/therapeutic use , Young Adult
14.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 25(2): 46-56, Mayo.-ago. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-727590

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El pobre control glucémico y los trastornos lipídicos son factores de riesgo para las complicaciones vasculares en la diabetes mellitus. Estos cambios se asocian con el estrés oxidativo. Objetivo: analizar el perfil lipídico, el daño oxidativo a biomoléculas y el control glucémico en el diabético tipo 2. Métodos: estudio descriptivo y transversal con 94 pacientes diabéticos tipo 2. Se determinaron los niveles de glucosa en sangre, hemoglobina glicada, creatinina, perfil lipédico, productos reactivos al ácido tiobarbitúrico y de grupos carbonilo como indicadores de peroxidación de los lípidos y de oxidación de proteínas, respectivamente. Se estratificaron los datos según el sexo, tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad y el control glucémico (glucosa < 6,2 mmol/L vs. glucosa ³ 6,2 mmol/L; hemoglobina glicada < 7 por ciento vs. hemoglobina glicada ³ 7 por ciento). Resultados: la concentración de triglicçéridos se incrementó en los diabéticos con pobre control glucémico (hemoglobina glicada ³ 7). Los productos reactivos al ácido tiobarbitúrico y de grupos carbonilo no difieren según sexo y control glucémico. Los niveles de grupos carbonilo fueron más altos en los diabéticos en relación con los valores de referencia. Se verificó una asociación positiva entre los productos reactivos al ácido tiobarbitúrico, con el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad (r= 0,271; p= 0,008) y negativa con lipoproteínas de alta densidad (r= -0,449; p= 0,000). Los productos reactivos al ácido tiobarbitúrico fueron mayores en diabéticos con 5 años de evolución de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: se verifica el fenotipo dislipidémico en los pacientes diabéticos, y el daño oxidativo a los lípidos es consecuente con el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad, independientemente del sexo y del control glucémico(AU)


Introduction: Poor glycemic control and lipid disorders are risk factors for vascular complications caused by diabetes mellitus. These changes are associated to oxidative stress. Objective: to analyze the lipid profile, the oxidative damage to biomolecules and the glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted in ninety four type 2 diabetic patients. The levels of blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, creatinine, lipid profile, tiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and of carboxyl groups as indicators of lipid peroxidation and of protein oxidation were all estimated. Data were stratified by sex, time of disease progression and glycemic control (glucose < 6.2 mmol/L vs. glucose ³ 6.2 mmol/L; glycated hemoglobin < 7 percent vs. glycated hemoglobin ³ 7 percent). Results: the triglyceride concentration increased in diabetics with poor glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin ³ 7 percent). The tiobarbituric acid reactive substances and of carboxyl groups did not differ depending on sex and glycemic control. The levels of carboxyl groups were higher in diabetics compared to the reference values. It was confirmed that there is positive association between the tiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the time of disease progression (r= 0.271; p= 0.008) and negative association with high density lipoproteins (r= -0.449; p= 0.000). The amount of tiobarbituric acid reactive substances was higher in diabetics with 5 years of disease progression. Conclusions: the dyslipidemic phenotype was proved in diabetic patients and the oxidative damage to lipids results from the time of disease progression, regardless of sex and glycemic control(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Oxidative Stress , Risk Factors , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods
15.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 25(2)Mayo.-ago. 2014.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-61791

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el pobre control glucémico y los trastornos lipídicos son factores de riesgo para las complicaciones vasculares en la diabetes mellitus. Estos cambios se asocian con el estrés oxidativo. Objetivo: analizar el perfil lipídico, el daño oxidativo a biomoléculas y el control glucémico en el diabético tipo 2. Métodos: estudio descriptivo y transversal con 94 pacientes diabéticos tipo 2. Se determinaron los niveles de glucosa en sangre, hemoglobina glicada, creatinina, perfil lipédico, productos reactivos al ácido tiobarbitúrico y de grupos carbonilo como indicadores de peroxidación de los lípidos y de oxidación de proteínas, respectivamente. Se estratificaron los datos según el sexo, tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad y el control glucémico (glucosa < 6,2 mmol/L vs. glucosa ³ 6,2 mmol/L; hemoglobina glicada < 7 por ciento vs. hemoglobina glicada ³ 7 por ciento). Resultados: la concentración de triglicçéridos se incrementó en los diabéticos con pobre control glucémico (hemoglobina glicada ³ 7). Los productos reactivos al ácido tiobarbitúrico y de grupos carbonilo no difieren según sexo y control glucémico. Los niveles de grupos carbonilo fueron más altos en los diabéticos en relación con los valores de referencia. Se verificó una asociación positiva entre los productos reactivos al ácido tiobarbitúrico, con el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad (r= 0,271; p= 0,008) y negativa con lipoproteínas de alta densidad (r= -0,449; p= 0,000). Los productos reactivos al ácido tiobarbitúrico fueron mayores en diabéticos con 5 años de evolución de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: se verifica el fenotipo dislipidémico en los pacientes diabéticos, y el daño oxidativo a los lípidos es consecuente con el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad, independientemente del sexo y del control glucémico(AU)


Introduction: poor glycemic control and lipid disorders are risk factors for vascular complications caused by diabetes mellitus. These changes are associated to oxidative stress. Objective: to analyze the lipid profile, the oxidative damage to biomolecules and the glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted in ninety four type 2 diabetic patients. The levels of blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, creatinine, lipid profile, tiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and of carboxyl groups as indicators of lipid peroxidation and of protein oxidation were all estimated. Data were stratified by sex, time of disease progression and glycemic control (glucose < 6.2 mmol/L vs. glucose ³ 6.2 mmol/L; glycated hemoglobin < 7 percent vs. glycated hemoglobin ³ 7 percent). Results: the triglyceride concentration increased in diabetics with poor glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin ³ 7 percent). The tiobarbituric acid reactive substances and of carboxyl groups did not differ depending on sex and glycemic control. The levels of carboxyl groups were higher in diabetics compared to the reference values. It was confirmed that there is positive association between the tiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the time of disease progression (r= 0.271; p= 0.008) and negative association with high density lipoproteins (r= -0.449; p= 0.000). The amount of tiobarbituric acid reactive substances was higher in diabetics with 5 years of disease progression. Conclusions: the dyslipidemic phenotype was proved in diabetic patients and the oxidative damage to lipids results from the time of disease progression, regardless of sex and glycemic control(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Blood Glucose/analysis , Oxidative Stress , Risk Factors , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods
16.
Rev. cuba. salud trabajo ; 15(1)20140000. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-60421

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar el comportamiento de marcadores de estrés oxidativo y genotoxicidad en individuos expuestos ocupacionalmente por tiempos prolongados al mercurio. Material y método: Fue estudiado un total de 55 sujetos, de ellos, 12 trabajadores, con edades comprendidas entre 25 y 56 años, expuestos al mercurio por períodos de 6 a 33 años. El grupo control estuvo conformado por 43 individuos, con edades comprendidas entre 25 y 65 años, sin exposición ocupacional a agentes químicos o físicos. Todos los participantes fueron incluidos luego de emitir su consentimiento informado. Los marcadores de daño oxidativo y de defensa antioxidante, así como, la relación entre las formas reducidas y oxidadas del glutatión, fueron medidos mediante métodos espectrofotométricos. Además, se determinó el daño al ADN mediante el ensayo Cometa. Resultados: Los trabajadores expuestos presentaban un incremento significativo en el daño oxidativo a las proteínas, en el daño en el ADN y en las actividades enzimáticas de la Cu-Zn superóxido dismutasa y la glutatión reductasa. Por otra parte, mostraban una disminución significativa en la actividad de la catalasa, en las concentraciones de grupos tioles, así como en la capacidad antioxidante total. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio suportan el hecho de que la exposición por largos períodos de tiempo al mercurio modifica el estado redox celular, promoviendo condiciones de estrés oxidativo y daños en el material genético(AU)


Objective: To determine the influence of the occupational exposure to mercury on oxidative stress and genotoxicity biomarkers. Material and method: Studies were carried out on 12 workers aged between 25 and 56 years exposed to mercury during their work from 6 to 33 years. The control group consisted of 43 healthy workers aged between 25 and 65 years not exposed to chemical or physical agents. All participants were included after signing the informed consent form. The oxidative stress markers were measured by spectrophotometric methods and DNA damage was determined by the Comet assay. Results: In the group of exposed to mercury, a significant increased was found in oxidative damage to proteins, DNA damage and the activities of the enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase. Moreover a significant decreased in catalase activity, concentrations of thiol groups and total antioxidant capacity was found. Conclusions: The present data show that chronic low dose of mercury leads to oxidative stress conditions, which promotes damage to genetic material(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Mercury/adverse effects , Mercury/toxicity , Occupational Exposure , Oxidative Stress/genetics , Comet Assay
17.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 41(1): 105-115, ene.-mar. 2012. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-54857

ABSTRACT

Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema del estrés oxidativo; y se tuvieron en cuenta la fisiología normal de este mecanismo metabólico, las causas de su alteración y el daño que produce, cuando se descompensan los sistemas de defensa del organismo, con el objetivo de evidenciar el vínculo entre el daño oxidativo a las células y la fisiopatología de las lesiones producidas por quemaduras mayores, a partir del análisis de las fuentes bibliográficas nacionales e internacionales impresas y en formato digital sobre el tema en cuestión. Se expone la importancia de trazar una estrategia más eficiente, que tenga en cuenta la magnitud del daño producido por el estrés oxidativo en el tratamiento de pacientes con quemaduras, con la finalidad de modular el daño oxidativo a las células. Se concluye que en el ejercicio médico no se puede pretender evitar a los pacientes la nueva situación de estado redox. Los esfuerzos asistenciales deben estar encaminados una vez más a ayudar al organismo en el restablecimiento del equilibrio redox, mediante una reanimación adecuada y precoz, con prácticas de tácticas quirúrgicas activas que minimicen los daños externos, aporten los nutrientes adecuadamente y respeten la política del uso de antibióticos sistémicos, mediante el uso de antioxidantes parenterales para reducir el tiempo de hospitalización con el apoyo de psicólogos y fisiatras en la terapéutica empleada(AU)


A bibliographic review was carried out on the oxidative stress taking into account the normal physiology of this metabolic mechanism, the causes of its alteration and the damaged produced, when the defense organic system are unbalanced to evidence the link between the oxidative damage to cells and the physiology and pathology of the injuries produced by major burns, from the analysis of the printed bibliographic national and international sources and in digital format on this subject. The significance to design more effective strategies is emphasized that take into account the magnitude of the damage produced by the oxidative stress in the treatment of burnt patients to modulate the oxidative damage to cells. We conclude that in the medical practice it is not possible to avoid to patients the new situation of redox state. The healthcare efforts must to be directed once again to help to organism in restoration of redox balance by means of an appropriate and early recovery with practices of active surgical tactics minimizing the external damages, supply appropriately the nutrients and to respect the politic of use of systemic antibiotics, by means of the use of parental antioxidants to reduce the hospital stay with the support of psychologists and physiatrist trained in the therapy used(AU)


Subject(s)
Oxidative Stress/physiology , DNA Damage , Burns
18.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 41(1): 105-115, ene.-mar. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-629243

ABSTRACT

Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema del estrés oxidativo; y se tuvieron en cuenta la fisiología normal de este mecanismo metabólico, las causas de su alteración y el daño que produce, cuando se descompensan los sistemas de defensa del organismo, con el objetivo de evidenciar el vínculo entre el daño oxidativo a las células y la fisiopatología de las lesiones producidas por quemaduras mayores, a partir del análisis de las fuentes bibliográficas nacionales e internacionales impresas y en formato digital sobre el tema en cuestión. Se expone la importancia de trazar una estrategia más eficiente, que tenga en cuenta la magnitud del daño producido por el estrés oxidativo en el tratamiento de pacientes con quemaduras, con la finalidad de modular el daño oxidativo a las células. Se concluye que en el ejercicio médico no se puede pretender evitar a los pacientes la nueva situación de estado redox. Los esfuerzos asistenciales deben estar encaminados una vez más a ayudar al organismo en el restablecimiento del equilibrio redox, mediante una reanimación adecuada y precoz, con prácticas de tácticas quirúrgicas activas que minimicen los daños externos, aporten los nutrientes adecuadamente y respeten la política del uso de antibióticos sistémicos, mediante el uso de antioxidantes parenterales para reducir el tiempo de hospitalización con el apoyo de psicólogos y fisiatras en la terapéutica empleada


A bibliographic review was carried out on the oxidative stress taking into account the normal physiology of this metabolic mechanism, the causes of its alteration and the damaged produced, when the defense organic system are unbalanced to evidence the link between the oxidative damage to cells and the physiology and pathology of the injuries produced by major burns, from the analysis of the printed bibliographic national and international sources and in digital format on this subject. The significance to design more effective strategies is emphasized that take into account the magnitude of the damage produced by the oxidative stress in the treatment of burnt patients to modulate the oxidative damage to cells. We conclude that in the medical practice it is not possible to avoid to patients the new situation of redox state. The healthcare efforts must to be directed once again to help to organism in restoration of redox balance by means of an appropriate and early recovery with practices of active surgical tactics minimizing the external damages, supply appropriately the nutrients and to respect the politic of use of systemic antibiotics, by means of the use of parental antioxidants to reduce the hospital stay with the support of psychologists and physiatrist trained in the therapy used


Subject(s)
Burns , DNA Damage , Oxidative Stress/physiology
19.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 72(1): 15-18, feb. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-129608

ABSTRACT

En la actualidad se acepta que el daño oxidativo juega un papel esencial en la patogénesis del síndrome metabólico. Estudios recientes proponen al daño oxidativo como diana terapéutica frente al síndrome metabólico. Precisamente nuestro objetivo fue mejorar el estatus total antioxidante (TAS) de mujeres con síndrome metabólico mediante ejercicio aeróbico. Participaron voluntariamente 100 mujeres con síndrome metabólico de acuerdo con los criterios del National Cholesterol Educational Program (Adult-Treatment-Panel-III) distribuidas aleatoriamente en grupo experimental (n = 60) y control (n = 40). El grupo experimental desarrolló un programa de entrenamiento aeróbico sobre tapiz rodante de intensidad ligera/moderada de 12 semanas (5 sesiones/semana). La determinación del TAS plasmático se realizó mediante espectrofotometría utilizando kits comercializados por Randox Lab. Este protocolo fue aprobado por un Comité de Etica Institucional. Tras completar el programa de entrenamiento se incrementó significativamente el TAS (0.79 ± 0.05 vs.1.01 ± 0.03 mmol/l; p = 0.027). No hubo cambios en grupo control. El ejercicio aeróbico de intensidad ligera/moderada aumenta las defensas antioxidantes en mujeres con síndrome metabólico. Son necesarios futuros estudios longitudinales para conocer su impacto en la evolución clínica.(AU)


A 12-week training protocol increased antioxidant defense system in young adult women with metabolic syndrome. It is generally accepted that oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, recent studies have reported that stress may be acting as a therapeutic target in metabolic syndrome. Consequently, this study was designed to explore whether aerobic training may increase plasmatic total antioxidant status in women with metabolic syndrome. A total of 100 young adult women with metabolic syndrome according to the criteria reported by the National Cholesterol Education Program (Adult-Treatment-Panel-III) volunteered for this study. Of them, 60 were randomly included in the experimental group to enter a 12-week aerobic training program, 5 days/week, at low/moderate intensity. The control group included 40 age, sex and body mass index (BMI)-matched women with metabolic syndrome who did not enter any training program. Total antioxidant status (TAS) was assayed in plasma using colorimetric Randox kits. This protocol was approved by an Institutional Ethics Committee. When compared to baseline, plasmatic TAS was significantly increased (0.79 ± 0.05 Vs 1.01 ± 0.03 mmol/l; p = 0.027). No changes were found in controls. A 12-week aerobic training program increased plasmatic TAS in adult women with metabolic syndrome. Further long-term well-conducted studies are required in order to highlight the potential clinical benefits of TAS improvement.(AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Antioxidants/metabolism , Exercise Therapy/methods , Exercise/physiology , Metabolic Syndrome/therapy , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Biomarkers/metabolism , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Exercise Therapy/standards , Metabolic Syndrome/blood , Endurance Training , Treatment Outcome
20.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 72(1): 15-18, feb. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-639645

ABSTRACT

En la actualidad se acepta que el daño oxidativo juega un papel esencial en la patogénesis del síndrome metabólico. Estudios recientes proponen al daño oxidativo como diana terapéutica frente al síndrome metabólico. Precisamente nuestro objetivo fue mejorar el estatus total antioxidante (TAS) de mujeres con síndrome metabólico mediante ejercicio aeróbico. Participaron voluntariamente 100 mujeres con síndrome metabólico de acuerdo con los criterios del National Cholesterol Educational Program (Adult-Treatment-Panel-III) distribuidas aleatoriamente en grupo experimental (n = 60) y control (n = 40). El grupo experimental desarrolló un programa de entrenamiento aeróbico sobre tapiz rodante de intensidad ligera/moderada de 12 semanas (5 sesiones/semana). La determinación del TAS plasmático se realizó mediante espectrofotometría utilizando kits comercializados por Randox Lab. Este protocolo fue aprobado por un Comité de Etica Institucional. Tras completar el programa de entrenamiento se incrementó significativamente el TAS (0.79 ± 0.05 vs.1.01 ± 0.03 mmol/l; p = 0.027). No hubo cambios en grupo control. El ejercicio aeróbico de intensidad ligera/moderada aumenta las defensas antioxidantes en mujeres con síndrome metabólico. Son necesarios futuros estudios longitudinales para conocer su impacto en la evolución clínica.


A 12-week training protocol increased antioxidant defense system in young adult women with metabolic syndrome. It is generally accepted that oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, recent studies have reported that stress may be acting as a therapeutic target in metabolic syndrome. Consequently, this study was designed to explore whether aerobic training may increase plasmatic total antioxidant status in women with metabolic syndrome. A total of 100 young adult women with metabolic syndrome according to the criteria reported by the National Cholesterol Education Program (Adult-Treatment-Panel-III) volunteered for this study. Of them, 60 were randomly included in the experimental group to enter a 12-week aerobic training program, 5 days/week, at low/moderate intensity. The control group included 40 age, sex and body mass index (BMI)-matched women with metabolic syndrome who did not enter any training program. Total antioxidant status (TAS) was assayed in plasma using colorimetric Randox kits. This protocol was approved by an Institutional Ethics Committee. When compared to baseline, plasmatic TAS was significantly increased (0.79 ± 0.05 Vs 1.01 ± 0.03 mmol/l; p = 0.027). No changes were found in controls. A 12-week aerobic training program increased plasmatic TAS in adult women with metabolic syndrome. Further long-term well-conducted studies are required in order to highlight the potential clinical benefits of TAS improvement.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Antioxidants/metabolism , Exercise Therapy/methods , Exercise/physiology , Metabolic Syndrome/therapy , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Biomarkers/metabolism , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Exercise Therapy/standards , Metabolic Syndrome/blood , Resistance Training , Treatment Outcome
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...