Comparison of the malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs of Down syndrome and non-syndromic subjects by using the dental aesthetics index.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and significance of the malocclusion traits and orthodontic treatment needs of Down syndrome (DS) subjects with matched non-syndromic (NS) controls. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study involved 222 subjects (50% DS, 50% NS) who were matched by gender and age. The casts were digitized into three-dimensional images. These images were used alongside the ten occlusal characteristics of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) to determine malocclusion severity and the need for orthodontic treatment. RESULTS: There were 58 (52.3%) females and 53 (47.7%) males with a mean age of 18.4 ± 8.4 years in both groups. The most common and significant (p < .05) malocclusion traits among the DS subjects were missing teeth (56.2%), incisal spacing segments (73.0%), anterior maxillary irregularity (95.5%), mandibular overjet (36.0%), and full cusp deviation of the molar relationship (61.3%). On the other hand, increased maxillary overjet (69.3%) is a more significant (p < .05) trait amongst NS subjects. There were 85 (76.6%) DS subjects who presented severe malocclusion, which implies a highly orthodontic treatment need (DAI > 30). The DS showed some impact of malocclusion traits components of the DAI. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of malocclusion was higher in DS, implying a higher need for orthodontic treatments than for NS subjects.

Comparison of Malocclusion Prevalence, Type and Severity between Cerebral Palsy and Healthy Subjects: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND: To analyze the prevalence, type and severity of malocclusions in a group of patients with cerebral palsy (CP) using a facial and occlusal analysis and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). METHODS: A prospective, case-control study was made of two groups, a cerebral palsy and a control group, with the determination of the facial and occlusion analysis in the three spatial planes. The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was used to assess the severity of malocclusion. RESULTS: The patients with CP presented a higher prevalence of increased facial lower third height and a greater tendency towards right-side canine and molar class II malocclusion, narrower transverse relationship and crossbite. The DAI scores were statistically significantly higher in the CP group. Increased physical impairment in the CP group was associated to greater DAI scores. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence and severity of malocclusion were significantly greater in the CP group. The type of malocclusion predominantly found in these patients was molar class II, with open bite, increased overjet and a narrow arch. The CP group also presented mixed breathing with higher DAI scores and decreased facial lower third height.

Association of severity of malocclusion with socioeconomic status in the South Indian population.

Malocclusion has been linked to various factors out of which certain dietary patterns and unhealthy habits are the most overlooked. The dietary patterns and unhealthy habits vary according to socioeconomic status. The present research was aimed to perform an association of malocclusion severity with socioeconomic status. This study was done in a retrospective manner and was conducted at Saveetha Dental College. A total of 241 clinical case records of the participants with malocclusion reporting for orthodontic therapy were selected and enrolled for the study. Data on the socioeconomic status and the severity of malocclusion as assessed with the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Needs (IOTNs) index were noted. All these records were collected and entered into Excel and then analyzed through statistics. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric Chi-square tests were performed. From the analysis, the proportion of IOTN Grade 1 malocclusion (30%) was found to be the highest. The highest number of patients with Grade 1 malocclusion belonged to the lower socioeconomic class. Socioeconomic status and the severity of malocclusion were significantly associated with each other. Malocclusion prevalence and severity were more among participants belonging to lower socioeconomic groups.

The Dental Aesthetic Index and Its Association with Dental Caries, Dental Plaque and Socio-Demographic Variables in Schoolchildren Aged 12 and 15 Years.

The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was determined in 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren to ascertain the prevalence of malocclusion and to assess its association with dental caries experience, dental plaque accumulation, and socio-demographic variables. We performed a cross-sectional study with a stratified two-stage sampling design. An oral health survey and oral examination were conducted, and socio-demographic data were recorded. The sample comprised 1453 schoolchildren aged 12 (868) and 15 (585). These two samples were analyzed separately because statistically significant differences were found: the 12-year-old age group displayed a higher frequency of schoolchildren who attended state-run public schools (p = 0.004) and belonged to a lower social class (p = 0.001); the 15-year-old age group registered higher levels of caries (p = 0.001) and lower levels of dental plaque (p < 0.001). The malocclusion was 9.5% higher (p = 0.001), and the global mean DAI score was likewise higher among the 12-year-olds (p < 0.001). The multivariate regression analysis not only showed that caries and dental plaque were the variables that were the most strongly associated with malocclusion, but that caries (OR = 1.5) and dental plaque (OR > 2) were also risk factors for malocclusion in both groups. In conclusion, this study revealed a higher prevalence of malocclusion and dental plaque at age 12. A higher risk of caries and dental plaque was found to be related to the presence of malocclusion in both age groups.

Prevalence of malocclusion among 8-15 years old children, India - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: We designed this review to assess the prevalence of malocclusion among 8-15 years old Indian children. METHODOLOGY: The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO data with register number CRD42020214211. We employed the standard methodological procedures according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Electronic search was done in PubMed database and other sources in 2020 to identify studies. Only studies published in English after January 1, 2000 that assessed prevalence of malocclusion using Dental aesthetic Index (DAI) or Angle's classification of malocclusion were considered for screening. Selection of articles, data extraction and validity assessment were done independently by the two reviewers. RESULTS: Pooled prevalence of malocclusion is 35.40% (CI:35.37-35.43, 54 studies, 97959 participants). Males had higher proportion of malocclusion (36.20%, CI: 36.12-36.28,33 studies, 40456 participants). 13 years had higher prevalence of malocclusion (33.50%, CI:33.34-33.66, 11 studies, 3366 participants).Prevalence of malocclusion was higher among urban population (32.78%, CI:32.71 32.85,11 studies, 18313 participants). South India showed higher prevalence of malocclusion (39.58%, CI:39.54-39.62, 41 studies, 58645 participants). Prevalence of malocclusion as assessed by mean DAI score was 21.23 (CI:21.14-21.33,11 studies, 12345 participants). CONCLUSIONS: The pooled prevalence of malocclusion among 8-15 years children in India is 35.40% (CI:35.37-35.43,54 studies, 97959 participants).Included studies were heterogeneous in their methods of assessment of malocclusion.

Assessment of Malocclusion and Orthodontic Treatment Needs among Subjects with Dental Aesthetic Index: A Clinical Study.

BACKGROUND: Malocclusion is commonly seen condition in young adults. This study aimed to assess malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among subjects with dental aesthetic index (DAI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study comprised 486 subjects with an age range of 16-24 years of either genders. A careful oral examination was performed and all findings were recorded based on Oral Health Survey-Basic Methods. DAI was used to assess orthodontic treatment needs among subjects. RESULTS: A maximum of 129 (26.5%) patients (male, 47 [22.8%], female, 82 [29.2%]) had DAI score of >36. Missing teeth was the most commonly observed condition, especially in females. There was a significant difference in spacing, crowding, maxillary, mandibular irregularity, overjet, and spacing between both genders. CONCLUSION: It was found that maximum patients had severe malocclusion with DAI score >36. This indicates the orthodontic treatment needs among subjects.

Craniofacial and occlusal features of children with sickle cell disease compared to normal standards: a clinical and radiographic study of 50 paediatric patients.

PURPOSE: To evaluate craniofacial and occlusal features of children with sickle cell disease and compare them with the normal healthy children. METHODS: A total of 50 children diagnosed with sickle cell disease (Group I) and 50 normal healthy children (Group II) between age 10 and 18 years were included in the study. Dental casts were obtained, occlusal traits were recorded and DAI and DHC-IOTN were calculated. Cephalometric parameters were measured. Obtained data were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: In children with sickle cell disease, 24% had definite malocclusion according to DAI and only 4% of them had normal occlusion as per the DHC-IOTN index. Also, children with sickle cell had significant retruded mandible and vertical growth pattern when compared with normal children. CONCLUSIONS: Children with sickle cell disease showed delayed eruption of teeth, a tendency towards Class II molar relationship, with increased crowding in the lower anterior region, increased overjet and open bite when compared to the normal children. Children with sickle cell disease had severe and handicapping malocclusion as per DAI and DHC-IOTN indices and a tendency towards skeletal Class II with a vertical growth pattern.

Relationship of Oral Aesthetic Assessment according to Self Perception with Oral Malocclusion Condition of High School Students in Sidrap District, South Sulawesi Indonesia / Relação da avaliação estética de acordo com a autopercepção da condição de má oclusão oral de estudantes do ensino médio no distrito de Sidrap, Sulawesi do Sul na Indonésia

Self-perception of dental aesthetics needs to be considered in planning orthodontic treatment because it is known that everyone has a self-perception of different oral esthetic conditions. Objective: To assess the state of malocclusion based on self-perception of dental aesthetics using the Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Score (OASIS); to determine the relationship of self-perceptions of oral aesthetics and the state of malocclusion from the results of clinical examinations using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Material and Methods: Research subjects were middle school students aged between 14-18 years as many as 187 students. For oral aesthetic assessment using the OASIS index questionnaire, and to evaluate the aesthetic and anatomical components of the malocclusion clinic using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Results: The prevalence of malocclusion according to Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) showed that mild / normal malocclusion (59.9%), moderate malocclusion (33.4%), severe malocclusion (5.7%), and very severe malocclusion (1%). The prevalence of self-perception of oral aesthetics was 54.6% judging good. The results of the analysis with logistic regression tests showed that there was a significant (p (p<0.001) relationship between self-perception of oral aesthetics using the OASIS index and malocclusion status using the DAI index. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, there was a significant relationship (p <0.01) between oral aesthetic self perception and malocclusion status of high school students. (AU)

A autopercepção da estética dentária precisa ser considerada no planejamento do tratamento ortodôntico, porque é sabido que existem diferenças nesta autopercepção de condições estéticas orais entre os indivíduos. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado de má oclusão com base na autopercepção da estética dentária utilizando o Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Score (OASIS); determinar a relação entre a autopercepção da estética bucal e o estado de má oclusão a partir dos resultados de exames clínicos utilizando o Índice de Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Material e Métodos: Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram estudantes do ensino médio, com idades entre 14 e 18 anos, num total de 187 alunos. Para avaliação da estética bucal, foi utilizado o questionário do índice OASIS, e para avaliar os componentes estéticos e anatômicos da clínica de más oclusões, o Índice de DAI. Resultados: A prevalência de má oclusão segundo o DAI, mostrou resultados de percepção de: oclusão leve / normal (59,9%), oclusão moderada (33,4%), oclusão grave (5,7%) e oclusão muito grave (1%). A prevalência de autopercepção da estética oral foi de 54,6%, considerando-se boa. Os resultados da análise com testes de regressão logística mostraram que houve uma relação significativa (p <0,01) entre a autopercepção da estética oral e o estado de má oclusão de estudantes do ensino médio. (AU)

Need for orthodontic treatment in a sample of Ecuadorian adolescents from Cojitambo, 2017

Aim: To determine the need for orthodontic treatment in Ecuadorian adolescents aged 13 to 18 years in Cojitambo, 2017. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was made including 140 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years, 50% males. For determining the prevalence of malocclusion, a visual clinical examination was performed to obtain the data required using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Results: 37.14% of the adolescents presented a minor malocclusion (without the need for treatment), 20% a definitivemalocclusion (need for elective treatment), 30% a severe malocclusion (highly desirable treatment) and 12.86% a very severe malocclusion (mandatory treatment). No statistically significant differences were found by sex (p =0.53) or by age (p =0.05). Conclusion: There is a higher prevalence of adolescents who had a normal occlusion without the need of orthodontic treatment and the ones with the lowest prevalence were adolescents with very severe malocclusion that needed compulsory treatment, without differences by sex or age

[Objective evaluation of orthodontic treatment need with Dental Aesthetic Index]. / Fogazati rendellenességek kezelési szükségletének tárgyilagos felmérése a Dental Aesthetic Index segítségével.

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: To evaluate the frequency and severity of the malocclusions and treatment need in a group of adult patients in Târgu-Mureș, dividing them up according to age and gender. METHOD: Sixty-four, randomly selected patients were divided up according to age and gender. Ten occlusal traits related to dentofacial anomalies according to missing teeth, spacing, crowding and occlusion were used to evaluate the malocclusions on each of their study cast. The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) regression equation was used to obtain the DAI score that defines severity. RESULTS: The average DAI score was 38 with a range of 18-79, showing that the majority of patients needed mandatory orthodontic treatment. No statistically significant difference was found between gender, age groups and need for treatment. CONCLUSION: More than two-fifths of the examined patients have a mandatory need for orthodontic treatment if the DAI scores are the main screening tool. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(9): 352-356.

Prevalencia de Anomalías Dentomaxilares y Necesidad de Tratamiento en Adolescentes / Prevalence of Dentomaxillary Anomalies and Treatment Needs in Adolescents

RESUMEN: Las anomalías dentomaxilares (ADM) constituyen un problema de salud pública en Chile, lo que genera la necesidad de un diagnóstico sistemático y la asignación de prioridades de tratamiento. Las ADM que afectan la estética pueden constituir una barrera para la inserción social de los adolescentes. El Dental Aesthetic Index (IED), es un instrumento que permite jerarquizar la necesidad de tratamiento de las ADM. El propósito de esta investigación fue caracterizar las ADM, necesidad de tratamiento a través de IED y auto-percepción estética en escolares de 12 a 15 años. Estudio de Prevalencia en adolescentes de 12 a 15 años, de la ciudad de Viña del Mar. El criterio de exclusión fue tratamiento ortodóncico previo. Se seleccionaron 204 sujetos mediante asignación uniforme con un nivel de confianza de 95 %. Variables recogidas: Edad, tipo de establecimiento educacional, sexo, percepción estética y IED por componentes. La prevalencia según IED fue de 63 % [56 % - 70 %]. La necesidad de tratamiento fue 44,2 % electivo, 31,01 % altamente deseable y 24,81 % obligatorio y prioritario. El IED Comunitario dio 29.5. Se encontró una relación significativa entre IED y percepción estética con un p-valor: 0,006 (Rho: 0,343). La prevalencia de anomalías dentomaxilares medido a través del indicador IED alcanza el 63 % y el IED comunitario de 29,54 % afirmando que el grupo "requiere tratamiento electivo por ADM definida"; en los establecimientos particulares está subestimado pues algunos casos ya han sido tratados con anterioridad a esta investigación.

ABSTRACT: Dentomaxillary anomalies are a public health problem in Chile, resulting in the need for screening and prioritization of treatment. Dentomaxillary anomalies affecting the aesthetics can be a barrier to social integration of adolescents. The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) is an instrument to prioritize the need for treatment of malocclusions. The purpose of this research was to characterize the malocclusions, orthodontic treatment needs and esthetic self-perception in schoolchildren from 12 to 15 years through DAI. Prevalence Study in 12 to 15 year-old adolescents from Viña del Mar. The exclusion criteria was previous orthodontic treatment. The sample was 204 subjects selected by uniform allocation with a confidence level of 95 %. Variables included age, type of educational establishment, sex, aesthetic perception and DAI by component. Prevalence of dentomaxillary anomalies by DAI was 63 % [56 % - 70 %], Treatment needs were 44.2 % treatment elective, 31.01 % highly desirable and 24.81 % mandatory. The Community's DAI was 29.5. The relationship between DAI and aesthetic perception was significant (p-value: 0.006; Rho: 0.343). The prevalence of dento-maxillary anomalies measured by DAI reaches 63 % and the communal DAI was 29.54 stating that the group "requires elective treatment for definite malocclusion"; in private schools, it is underestimated because some cases had already been treated prior to this investigation.

Prevalence of malocclusion in individuals with and without intellectual disability: A comparative study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence malocclusion between individuals with intellectual disability (ID) and a control group without disability (NID). METHODS: A total of 202 individuals (123 with ID and 79 with no impairment) were included in the study. Data were collected through oral examinations using the Angle classification of malocclusion and the dental aesthetic index (DAI). RESULTS: According to Angle's classification of malocclusion, it was found that 37.6% of all participants presented malocclusion. Class II malocclusion was the most common form of malocclusion in both groups, whereas class III cases were present almost exclusively in ID group (91.7%). The mean DAI score was 30.85 (± 13.7), being higher in the ID group (32.80) than in the control group (27.81; p = 0.003). A total of 45 (22.3%) participants had DAI scores of 36 and above, which indicate a handicapping malocclusion requiring mandatory orthodontic treatment. From those needing mandatory orthodontic treatment, the majority (84.4%) belonged to ID group. Mandibular irregularity (56.4%) and incisal segment crowding (45%) were the most common features of the malocclusion. Linear regression indicates that having an intellectual disability predicts severe or very severe malocclusion. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the prevalence of malocclusion was found to be higher and more severe in intellectual disabled participants. The dental practitioner should understand the particular relevance of this problem especially in patients with intellectual disabilities where impaired oral functions and poor appearance may further complicate oral health and increase negative social responses.

Orthodontic treatment need of 9, 12 and 15 year-old children according to the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need and the Dental Aesthetic Index.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the differences in occlusal features in three cohorts at 9, 12 and 15 years of age, and compare orthodontic treatment need measured by the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: School of Dentistry, University of Valencia. SUBJECTS: A total of 1086 children: 321 aged 9, 397 aged 12 and 368 aged 15. METHODS: Children were examined to measure their orthodontic treatment need according to IOTN and DAI. The main outcome measure was orthodontic treatment need according to the DAI and IOTN indices. RESULTS: Overbite and inter-incisal diastema were the occlusal features that presented significant differences between the three groups, diminishing with age. Treatment need according to the IOTN was 15.4% at 9 years, 20.9% at 12 years and 12.8% at 15 years. Treatment need according to DAI was 44.8% at 9 years, 21.7% at 12 years and 14.1% at 15 years. The diagnostic agreement between the two indices on the treatment need by age group was very low at 9 years (Kappa 0.18) and moderate at 12 and 15 years (Kappa 0.451 and 0.405, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Orthodontic treatment need is greater in the mixed dentition and falls slightly as the child grows. The greatest variation in results between 9 and 15 years were found in relation to the DAI, which is consequently not recommended for use in the mixed dentition.

Relationship of the Dental Aesthetic Index to the oral health-related quality of life.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of malocclusion on the quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 150 subjects attending the Primary Care Unit with no history of orthodontic treatment. The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) with 10 occlusal characteristics were measured on study models. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed with the Malaysian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14). The Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between the malocclusion and quality of life. RESULTS: Significantly weak correlations (r = .176) were found between the DAI and the OHRQoL. Females and the younger age group (12-19 years) tended to score higher on the OHIP-14 than their counterparts. For males, domain 3 (psychological discomfort; r = .462), domain 4 (physical disability; r = .312), domain 7 (handicap; r = .309), and overall score (r = .289) were weak correlates but significant to the DAI compared with females. The older age group showed a significant weak correlation in domain 3 (psychological discomfort; r = .268) and domain 7 (handicap; r = .238), whereas the younger age group showed no correlation with any domain. CONCLUSIONS: The DAI score does not predict the effect of malocclusion on the OHRQoL.

Orthodontic treatment need among special health care needs school children in Dharwad, India: A comparative study.

OBJECTIVES: The aim was to assess and compare the prevalence of orthodontic treatment need among various special health care needs (SHCN) schoolchildren and adolescents in Dharwad, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 492 subjects in age group of 12-19 years (mean age 14.02 ± 1.84 standard deviation [SD]) who were examined for occlusal anomalies using dental aesthetic index (DAI). They were classified into five groups as: Visual impairment, speech and hearing disability (SH), physical disability, mentally subnormal and multiple disabilities (MD). Chi-square test was used to compare the orthodontic treatment need among various SHCN groups. One-way ANOVA and ANCOVA were performed to test any significant differences in mean DAI scores among the SHCN groups. RESULTS: None of the children were undergoing or had undergone orthodontic treatment for malocclusion. Mean DAI score was 28.81 ± 11.64 (SD). Orthodontic treatment was indicated in 50.2% of study population who had DAI scores of 26 and above. Mandatory orthodontic treatment (DAI >=36) was required in as high as 29% of MD individuals when compared to only 10% of SH individuals. Significant differences in DAI scores were found between the SHCN groups. CONCLUSIONS: The need for orthodontic treatment among SHCN individuals was found to be high. Yet, absence of any orthodontic treatment for any child points out to the fact that the dental services are highly needed in these individuals.

Prevalence of Malocclusion and its Psycho-Social Impact among 12 To 15-Year-old School Children in Lucknow City.

BACKGROUND: Facial aesthetics affects how people are perceived by society and how they perceive themselves. Anterior malocclusion can have an impact on the overall facial appearance. AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of malocclusion and its psycho-social impact among 12 to 15 yrs old school children in Lucknow city. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study consisted of collection of information for psychosocial assessment using a questionnaire and clinical examination of malocclusion. Data regarding psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics was collected using a Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) given by Klages et al., (2006). RESULTS: 15.57% children belonged to the definite malocclusion category and 5.41% to the handicapped malocclusion category. The mean Dental self confidence score differed significantly among both male (p≤0.001) and female children (p≤0.001) across the age groups. The mean Social impact score did not differ significantly among both male (p≤0.31) and female children (p≤0.12) across the age groups. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study imply that dental aesthetics had a significant impact on the psychosocial aspects of human life irrespective of the gender.

Necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico. Politécnico Antonio Guiteras. Plaza. 2012 / Orthodontic treatment necessity. Polytechnic Antonio Guiteras. Plaza. 2012

Introducción: las maloclusiones provocan trastornos físicos, funcionales y psicosociales, especialmente en niños y adolescentes. Objetivo: describir la severidad y necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico en escolares del politécnico Antonio Guiteras. Municipio Plaza. Material y Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal, en escolares de 15 a 17 años, mediante la utilización del Índice de Estética Dental (DAI), en el 2012. Resultados: predominaron los jóvenes que obtuvieron valores del índice menor o igual que 25 y la frecuencia de casos en cada categoría disminuyó en la medida en que el valor del índice se incrementó. Conclusiones: el apiñamiento en los segmentos incisales ocupó el primer lugar, seguido por la irregularidad anterior de la mandíbula, la relación molar anteroposterior y la irregularidad anterior del maxilar respectivamente(AU)

Introduction: Malocclusions bring on physical, functional and psychosocial disorders, mainly to children and adolescence. Objective: to describe prevalence, severity and need of orthodontic treatment in scholars relating to polytechnic Antonio Guiteras in Plaza Municipality. Material and Methods: it was carried out an observational, descriptive cross-section study, in scholars from 15 to 17 years using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), in the year 2012. Results: young with index less than or equal to 25 prevailed and the frequency reduce in each categories at the same time that index increase. Conclusions: the crowding in the incisal segments occupied the first place, keeping on anterior irregularity of the mandible, molar relationship and the anterior irregularity of the maxilla respectively(AU)

Evaluate the Malocclusion in Subjects Reporting for Orthodontic Treatment among Saudi Population in Asser Region.

BACKGROUND: Oral health is an important component of general health and is associated with the development of a healthy personality. The malocclusion has been shown to affects oral health, leads to increased prevalence of dental caries and may result in temporo-mandibular joint disorders. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the malocclusion in subjects reporting for orthodontic treatment among Saudi population in Asser region by using Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was designed. A total of 162 study samples was participated in the study. A pre-designed proforma was used to evaluate various parameters determining malocclusion and DAI was used. RESULTS: The mean age of 27.07 ± 9.76 years. The mean DAI score of the study participants was 27.27 ± 13.83. Maximum (75%) of the participants had Angle's Class I molar relation followed by Angle's Class II and II. Comparison of mean over jet and DAI score in the various age groups using one-way ANOVA there was a statistically significant difference in the mean DAI score between the participants in the various age groups. CONCLUSION: Knowing the prevalence of malocclusion in a community is of utmost importance, so that appropriate steps can be taken to prevent and treat the dentofacial irregularities.

Orthodontic treatment need of Yemeni children assessed with dental aesthetic index.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to estimate the orthodontic treatment need in a sample of 12-year-old Yemeni school children using the dental aesthetic index (DAI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 3003, 12-year-old children attending school in six of the governorates of Yemen. For each subject, the standard demographic information such as gender and age was collected, after which an intraoral examination for occlusal status using the DAI was performed. RESULTS: The mean (SD) of DAI score was 24.86 (8.44) points (95% CI, 24.07-25.65). Overall, 36.6% of the sample found to have a dental appearance that requires orthodontic treatment, ranging from 'selective' to 'mandatory'. Of whom, 19.0% presented with severe and handicapping malocclusion, requiring 'definite' and "mandatory' treatment according to the DAI (DAI ≥ 31). Although there was no gender difference in the mean DAI score (P > 0.05), the sex distribution of the DAI treatment categories was significantly different (Chi-square = 13.258, df = 3, P = 0.004). The results of the individual DAI components showed that about 8% of the sample had more than one missing permanent teeth. Anterior maxillary and mandibular irregularity occurred in more than 33% of the sample. More than 30% of the children examined showed signs of crowding. Spacing in the incisal segments occurred in almost 25% of the sample. Almost 30% of the sample had an antero-posterior molar relation discrepancy. CONCLUSION: According to the findings of this study, almost one in five of the evaluated Yemeni school children had a DAI score above or equal to 31 points, suggesting highly desirable or mandatory orthodontic treatment need.

Malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need evaluated among subjects with Down syndrome using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI).

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of malocclusion and need for orthodontic treatment among persons with Down Syndrome (DS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study participants were 113 persons with DS from the selected community-based rehabilitation center who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ten occlusal characteristics of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) were measured on study models to determine the degree of malocclusion. A single score represented the dentofacial anomalies, determined the level of severity, and determined the need for orthodontic treatment. RESULTS: Crowding in the anterior maxillary and mandibular arch was the main malocclusion problems among the subjects with DS. Comparison between age group and genders revealed no significant differences in four categories of orthodontic treatment need (P > .05). CONCLUSION: Most of the subjects with DS (94; 83.2%) had severe and very severe malocclusion, which indicated a desirable and mandatory need for orthodontic treatment.