Brain tumor diagnosis from MRI based on Mobilenetv2 optimized by contracted fox optimization algorithm.

This research paper presents an innovative approach to brain tumor diagnosis using MRI scans, using the power of deep learning and metaheuristic algorithm. The study employs Mobilenetv2, a deep learning model, optimized by a novel metaheuristic known as the Contracted Fox Optimization Algorithm (MN-V2/CFO). This methodology allows for the optimal selection of Mobilenetv2 hyperparameters, enhancing the accuracy of tumor detection. The model is implemented on the Figshare dataset, a comprehensive collection of MRI scans, and its performance is validated against other processes the results are compared with some published works including Network (RN), wavelet transform, and deep learning (WT/DL), customized VGG19, and Convolutional neural network (CNN). The results of the study, highlight the superior performance of the proposed MN-V2/CFO model compared to other tactics. The recommended strategy achieves a precision of 97.68 %, an F1-score of 86.22 %, a sensitivity of 80.12 %, and an accuracy of 97.32 %. The findings validate the potential of the proposed model in revolutionizing brain tumor diagnosis, contributing to better treatment strategies, and improving patient outcomes.

Diagnóstico e tratamento da síndrome do choque tóxico estreptocócico em unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica: relato de caso / Diagnosis and treatment of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome in the pediatric intensive care unit: a case report

RESUMO Dentre as infecções causadas por Streptococcus β hemolyticus do grupo A de Lancefield, talvez a síndrome do choque tóxico seja a mais grave, com alto índice de mortalidade. A semelhança clínica com outras formas de choque, principalmente séptico, pode, muitas vezes, confundir o avaliador e interferir na escolha da terapêutica mais adequada. Esse relato tem o objetivo de auxiliar seus leitores quanto à necessidade de adicionar tal síndrome como diagnóstico diferencial, frente a quadros de choque, principalmente aqueles que não apresentam manifestações clínicas bem definidas. Para isso, apresentamos o quadro de um lactente com sintomas gripais comuns, que evoluiu rapidamente com exantema, rebaixamento do nível de consciência, sinais clínicos e laboratoriais de choque, com necessidade de suporte intensivo. Além de culturas indicando o agente etiológico, o aparecimento de exantema e fasciíte necrosante levou ao diagnóstico, mas, em menos de 50% dos casos temos sinais clínicos clássicos dessa entidade. As penicilinas em terapia combinada com aminoglicosídeos ainda são a terapia de escolha e possuem alto nível de evidência. Apesar da gravidade a evolução foi satisfatória.

ABSTRACT Among the infections caused by Streptococcus β hemolyticus from the Lancefield serogroup A, toxic shock syndrome is perhaps the most severe, and its mortality rate is high. Its clinical similarity to other forms of shock, especially septic shock, can often confuse the evaluator and interfere with the selection of the most appropriate therapy. This report aims to inform readers of the need to add this syndrome as a differential diagnosis in cases of shock, especially those with no well-defined clinical manifestations. For this purpose, we present the case of an infant with common flu-like symptoms who progressed rapidly with a rash, a reduced level of consciousness and clinical and laboratory signs of shock that required intensive support. In addition to cultures indicating the etiological agent, the appearance of exanthema and necrotizing fasciitis led to the diagnosis. However, less than 50% of cases present classic clinical signs of this entity. Penicillins combined with aminoglycosides are still the therapy of choice and are supported by a high level of evidence. Despite the severity of this patient's presentation, the progression was satisfactory.

Seguimiento de enfermería a un paciente con infarto agudo del miocardio: un reto de vida / Monitoring of nursing a pacient with acute myocardial infarction: a challenge of life

Introducción: El infarto agudo de miocardio es una enfermedad cardiovascular desencadenada a menudo por diversas causas, se considera que los factores de riesgo cardiovascular son determinantes en su aparición y desenlace una vez se presenta el evento. La mayor herramienta que se posee es la prevención de factores que influya en la adopción de estilos de vida saludables. Por lo anterior, el profesional de enfermería debe promover la salud como un pilar preciso en el camino a conseguir una calidad de vida en las personas. Materiales y Métodos: Reporte de Caso de una paciente de 65 años que acude al servicio de urgencias en una Institución de salud en la ciudad de Bucaramanga (Santander), se aplicó los diagnósticos enfermeros NANDA y su clasificación por dominios. Resultados: El caso permitió realizar un análisis del estado de salud del paciente basado en una metodología que propicia resultados acordes a las necesidades de la persona. Discusión y Conclusiones: Al finalizar el análisis se evidenció la importancia de aplicar una metodología que permite proponer cuidados de enfermería óptimos y con resultados eficaces.

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction cardiovascular disease is often triggered by various causes, it is considered that the cardiovascular risk factors are decisive in its onset and outcome after the event occurs. The greatest tool you have is the prevention of factors that influence the adoption of healthy lifestyles. Therefore, the nurse should promote health as a pillar in the way necessary to achieve a quality of life in people. Materials and Methods: Case report of a patient of 65 years who came to the emergency department in a health institution in the city of Bucaramanga (Santander) was applied NANDA nursing diagnoses and their classification domains. Results: The case allowed an analysis of the patient's health status based on a methodology that fosters results according to the needs of the individual. Discussion and Conclusions: At the end of the analysis showed the importance of applying a methodology to propose optimal nursing care and effective results.

Neutralización por reducción en placas como método específico para el Diagnóstico Serológico de Fiebre Amarilla

Objetivos: Estudiar la capacidad neutralizante de muestras séricas humanas para ser empleada como prueba de confirmación frente a otras técnicas y evaluar la relación de neutralización en diferentes poblaciones para cepas de FA: 287-78 (nativa) y 17D (referencial). Materiales y métodos: Se empleó la cepa 17D para la estandarización de la prueba en células VERO utilizando dos métodos (sólido y semi-líquido); además, se seleccionaron muestras séricas humanas en base al antecedente vacunal (presente o ausente), a la procedencia (endémica y no endémica) y la positividad a virus del dengue, las cuáles fueron evaluadas por ELISA. Las poblaciones seleccionadas se enfrentaron por la prueba estandarizada (PRNT) frente a las cepas de FA: 17D (cepa vacunal derivada del prototipo Asibi) y 287-78 (primer aislamiento de FA del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Perú). Resultados: Se obtuvieron buenos resultados con el método semi-líquido, siendo el séptimo día el óptimo de coloración de las placas. De los cuatro grupos seleccionados, tres fueron positivos por ELISA y los resultados por PRNT fueron para la suspensión 17D, 29 negativos y 67 positivos con títulos entre 1:10 y 1:2560; y para la cepa 287-78, 17 negativos y 79 positivos con títulos entre 1:10 y 1:2560. Conclusiones: La técnica semi-líquida con tiempo de coloración al séptimo día ofrece óptimos resultados en plaqueo y neutralización. Además, el ELISA resultó ser menos específico frente al PRNT y se encontró variación en relación a títulos y capacidad neutralizante en algunos sueros para ambas cepas.

Objectives: To study the neutralizing capability of human serum samples in order to be used as a confirmation test compared to other techniques, and to assess the neutralization relationship in different populations for 287-78 (native) and 17D (referential) YF strains. Materials and methods: The 17D strain was used to standardize the test in VERO cells using two methods (solid and semi-liquid). Additionally, human serum samples selected on the basis of having received YF vaccine (yes/no), their origin, and being positive for Dengue virus, and these samples were assessed using an ELISA. The selected populations were confronted using the standardized test (PRNT) with YF 17D strains (vaccinal strain derived from the Asebi prototype) and with YF 287-78 (the first YF strain isolated by the Peruvian National Institute of Health). Results: Accurate results were obtained with the semi-liquid technique, the seventh day was the optimum time for plate staining. Three of the four selected groups were positive for ELISA. The findings for PRNT were: using YF 17D strain, 29 negatives and 67 positives, with titers between 1:10 and 1:2560; and for YF 287-78, 17 negatives and 79 positive, with titers between 1:10 and 1:2560. Conclusions: The semi-liquid technique with the staining time at the seventh day showed up optimal results for plating and neutralization. Additionally, the ELISA method turned out to be less specific compared to PRNT and variations related to titers and neutralizing capability in some sera for both strains were detected.