ABSTRACT
There is limited research on the effect of dietary quality on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in populations with relatively high risk of HCC. Using data from Singapore Chinese Health Study, a prospective cohort study, of 63 257 Chinese aged 45 to 74, we assessed four diet-quality index (DQI) scores: the Alternative Health Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Heathy Diet Indicator (HDI). We identified 561 incident HCC cases among the cohort participants after a mean of 17.6 years of follow-up. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for HCC in relation to these DQI scores. Unconditional logistic regression method was used to evaluate the associations between DQIs and HCC risk among a subset of individuals who tested negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). High scores of AHEI-2010, aMED and DASH, representing higher dietary quality, were associated with lower risk of HCC (all Ptrend < .05). Compared with the lowest quartile, HRs (95% CIs) of HCC for the highest quartile of AHEI-2010, aMED and DASH were 0.69 (0.53-0.89), 0.70 (0.52-0.95) and 0.67 (0.51-0.87), respectively. No significant association between HDI and HCC risk was observed. Among HBsAg-negative individuals, similar inverse associations were observed, and the strongest inverse association was for aMED (HRQ4vsQ1 = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.23-0.94, Ptrend = .10). These findings support the notion that adherence to a healthier diet may lower the risk of HCC, suggesting that dietary modification may be an effective approach for primary prevention of HCC.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diet therapy , Diet Surveys/methods , Liver Neoplasms/diet therapy , Aged , China , Health Surveys , Humans , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , SingaporeABSTRACT
Resumo Este artigo analisa o impacto do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) sobre a qualidade da dieta dos domicílios do estado de Pernambuco utilizando dados da Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar (POF-IBGE) entre 2008-2009. O método Propensity Score Matching, que corrige o viés de seleção amostral, foi utilizado para realizar a comparação entre as famílias beneficiárias e as não beneficiárias do Programa. Os resultados mostram que o valor médio do Índice de Qualidade da Dieta (IQD) para as famílias beneficiárias do Programa supera em 9,05 o valor médio do IQD das famílias não participantes do PBF. Os resultados corroboram a eficácia do PBF em elevar a qualidade da dieta das famílias, principalmente quanto à redução de gordura e sódio, e aumento da variedade.
Abstract This article analyzes the impact of the Bolsa Família Program (BFP) on the quality of dietsamong households from Pernambuco State using data from the 2008-2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. The propensity score matching method, which corrects the sample selection bias, was used to make a comparison between beneficiary families and beneficiaries not in the program. The results show that beneficiary families in the Program scored, on average, 9.05 more on the Diet Quality Index (DQI), compared with families not participating in the BFP. The results point to the effectiveness of the BFP in improving the quality of family diets, particularly in reducing fat and sodium, and increasing variety.
