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1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38729239

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Anti-IgLON5 disease is a recently described neurological disorder with multisystemic features. The disease is characterized by the presence of IgLON5 antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Our objective is to describe in detail the otorhinolaryngological manifestations of this disease, which are frequent and may include dysphagia, dysarthria, vocal cord paralysis and laryngospasm. METHODS: In this study, we present a series of 9 patients with anti-IgLON5 disease and otolaryngological manifestations. Patients were evaluated between July 2012 and March 2022 by video-polysomnography, fiber-optic laryngoscopy, and functional endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. RESULTS: The median age was 71 years, and 5 (56%) were female. Video-polysomnography showed a NREM/REM parasomnia in 6 patients (67%), obstructive sleep apnea in 8 (88%), stridor during sleep in 7 (78%) and central apneas in 1 (11%). Six out of the 9 patients (67%) presented episodes of acute respiratory failure that required mechanical ventilation, 6 had vocal fold palsy with 4 of them requiring tracheostomy (3 had to be performed on an emergency basis). Dysphagia occurred in 8 patients (89%). Prominent upper airway secretion and sialorrhea was also present in 3 cases. CONCLUSION: The anti-IgLON5 disease exhibits extensive otolaryngological symptoms, mainly affecting the upper airway. These symptoms affect the quality of life and can be life-threatening. Prompt acute management is essential for stridor, dyspnea, and dysphagia. Given the potential severity of the symptoms and rarity of the disease, it is important for otolaryngologists to be familiar with anti-IgLON5 disease. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4.

2.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 2024 Apr 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38604565

ABSTRACT

Over the last few decades, significant improvement has been made in both the evaluation and treatment of esophageal achalasia. The Chicago classification, today in version 4.0, is now the standard for diagnosis of achalasia, providing a classification into 3 subtypes with important therapeutic and prognostic implications. Therapy, which was at first mostly limited to pneumatic dilatation, today includes minimally invasive surgery and peroral endoscopic myotomy, allowing for a more tailored approach to patients and better treatment of recurrent symptoms. This review chronicles my personal experience with achalasia over the last 35 years, describing the progress made in the treatment of patients with achalasia.

3.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) ; 71(3): 133-137, 2024 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38555110

ABSTRACT

Secondary basilar invagination or basilar impression is an anomaly at the craniovertebral junction where the odontoid process prolapses into the foramen magnum with the risk of compressing adjacent structures and obstructing the proper flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The incidence is less than 1% in the general population and occurs mainly in the first three decades of life when it is associated with malformations of the neuroaxis. In older age, the main aetiologies are diseases that alter bone mineral density. The clinical course is usually progressive and the most common symptoms are asthenia, cervical pain and restricted movement, but also dysphonia, dyspnoea and dysphagia. It is a progressive disease which, if left untreated, can cause severe neurological damage and death. We report the case of a 79-year-old woman with osteoporosis and progressive dysphagia leading to severe malnutrition, which conditioned the decision not to intervene due to the high perioperative risk.


Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders , Odontoid Process , Platybasia , Female , Humans , Aged , Platybasia/complications , Platybasia/diagnosis , Platybasia/surgery , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Foramen Magnum , Odontoid Process/abnormalities , Odontoid Process/surgery
4.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 47(3): 272-285, mar. 2024. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-231212

ABSTRACT

La disfagia orofaríngea (DO) es una enfermedad con una alta prevalencia en diferentes fenotipos de pacientes. La manometría de alta resolución faringoesofágica (MARFE) con impedancia (MARFE-I) se ha convertido en los últimos años en una técnica fundamental para el mejor entendimiento de la fisiopatología de las disfunciones de la faringe y del esfínter esofágico superior (EES) en pacientes con DO. Diversos grupos de expertos han propuesto una metodología para la práctica de la MARFE-I y para la estandarización de las diferentes métricas para el estudio de las disfunciones de la motilidad faríngea y del EES basadas en el la cuantificación de 3fenómenos principales: la relajación del EES, la resistencia al flujo a través del EES y la propulsión del bolo a través de la faringe hacia el esófago. De acuerdo a las alteraciones de estas métricas, se proponen 3patrones de disfunción que permiten un abordaje terapéutico específico: a) restricción al flujo del EES con propulsión faríngea normal; b) restricción al flujo del EES con propulsión faríngea inefectiva, y c) contracción faríngea inefectiva con normal relajación del EES. Presentamos una revisión práctica de la metodología y la métrica que emplean los principales grupos de trabajo junto con la descripción de los principales patrones de disfunción de acuerdo con nuestra experiencia para poner de relevancia la utilidad de la MARFE-I en el estudio de la fisiopatología y selección de un tratamiento específico en pacientes con DO. (AU)


Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is a pathology with a high prevalence in different patient phenotypes. High-resolution pharyngoesophageal manometry (HRPM) with impedance (HRPM-I) has become in recent years a fundamental technique for better understanding the pathophysiology of pharynx and upper oesophageal sphincter (UES) dysfunctions in patients with OD. Various groups of experts have proposed a methodology for the practice of the HRPM-I and for the standardization of the different metrics for the study of pharyngeal motility and UES dysfunctions based on the quantification of 3main phenomena: relaxation of the UES, resistance to flow through the UES and propulsion of the bolo through the pharynx into the oesophagus. According to the alterations of these metrics, 3patterns of dysfunction are proposed that allow a specific therapeutic approach: (a) UES flow restriction with normal pharyngeal propulsión; (b) UES flow restriction with ineffective pharyngeal propulsion, and (c) ineffective pharyngeal contraction with normal relaxation of the UES. We present a practical review of the methodology and metrics used by the main working groups together with the description of the main patterns of dysfunction according to our experience to highlight the usefulness of the HRPM-I in the study of the pathophysiology and selection of a specific treatment in patients with OD. (AU)


Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Manometry , Esophageal Sphincter, Upper/physiopathology
5.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38316173

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Currently there is little information in Latin America on the clinical outcome and manometric evolution of patients with Achalasia undergoing peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). PRIMARY OUTCOME: Evaluate the manometric and clinical changes in adult patients with achalasia after peroral endoscopic myotomy at a referral center in Bogotá, Colombia. METHODS: Observational, analytical, longitudinal study. Adult patients with achalasia according to the Chicago 4.0 criteria were included. Sociodemographic, clinical and manometric variables were described. To compare the pre- and post-surgical variables, the Student's or Wilcoxon's t test was used for the quantitative variables according to their normality, and McNemar's chi-square for the qualitative variables. RESULTS: 29 patients were included, 55.17% (n=16) women, with a mean age at the time of surgery of 48.2 years (±11.33). The mean post-procedure evaluation time was 1.88±0.81 years. After the procedure, there was a significant decrease in the proportion of patients with weight loss (37.93% vs 21.43% p 0.0063), chest pain (48.28% vs 21.43, p 0.0225) and the median Eckardt score (8 (IQR 8 -9) vs 2(IQR 1-2), p <0.0001). In addition, in fourteen patients with post-surgical manometry, significant differences were found between IRP values (23.05±14.83mmHg vs 7.69±6.06mmHg, p 0.026) and in the mean lower esophageal sphincter tone (9.63±7.2mmHg vs 28.8±18.60mmHg, p 0.0238). CONCLUSION: Peroral endoscopic myotomy has a positive impact on the improvement of symptoms and of some manometric variables (IRP and LES tone) in patients with achalasia.

6.
Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 47(3): 272-285, 2024 Mar.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37816469

ABSTRACT

Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is a pathology with a high prevalence in different patient phenotypes. High-resolution pharyngoesophageal manometry (HRPM) with impedance (HRPM-I) has become in recent years a fundamental technique for better understanding the pathophysiology of pharynx and upper oesophageal sphincter (UES) dysfunctions in patients with OD. Various groups of experts have proposed a methodology for the practice of the HRPM-I and for the standardization of the different metrics for the study of pharyngeal motility and UES dysfunctions based on the quantification of 3main phenomena: relaxation of the UES, resistance to flow through the UES and propulsion of the bolo through the pharynx into the oesophagus. According to the alterations of these metrics, 3patterns of dysfunction are proposed that allow a specific therapeutic approach: (a) UES flow restriction with normal pharyngeal propulsión; (b) UES flow restriction with ineffective pharyngeal propulsion, and (c) ineffective pharyngeal contraction with normal relaxation of the UES. We present a practical review of the methodology and metrics used by the main working groups together with the description of the main patterns of dysfunction according to our experience to highlight the usefulness of the HRPM-I in the study of the pathophysiology and selection of a specific treatment in patients with OD.


Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders , Humans , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Esophageal Sphincter, Upper , Electric Impedance , Manometry/methods
7.
Bol. pediatr ; 64(267): 11-15, 2024. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-232571

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La disfagia orofaríngea o dificultad para la deglución puede ser causada por anomalías anatómicas, incluyendo malformaciones óseas cervicales. La evaluación integral y el tratamiento individualizado, que pueden involucrar a varios especialistas, son cruciales para prevenir complicaciones y mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente y su familia. Se presenta un caso clínico que ilustra la relación entre la disfagia orofaríngea y sus complicaciones en un paciente con malformaciones anatómicas craneocervicales y pulmonares. Caso clínico. Niña de 3 años con antecedentes médicos complejos incluyendo malformación congénita ósea cervical que presenta, a raíz de última intervención quirúrgica a ese nivel, episodios recurrentes de neumonía. Dados los antecedentes, se piensa como primera posibilidad diagnóstica etiología aspirativa, constatándose en el estudio disfagia a líquidos, compensable con adaptación de la dieta. A pesar del adecuado tratamiento de la disfagia, la persistencia de los episodios siempre en la misma localización hace replantearse la etiología. La TAC torácica reveló a ese nivel una malformación pulmonar, sometiéndose de forma exitosa a una lobectomía toracoscópica. Actualmente no ha vuelto a presentar neumonías de repetición y gracias al tratamiento por parte de logopeda ha presentado mejoría progresiva de su disfagia. Conclusiones. La disfagia orofaríngea es un síntoma infradiagnosticado. Es imprescindible que se empiece a codificar en informes y registros. Existen herramientas de cribado que nos facilitan su diagnóstico en cualquier nivel asistencial que deberían ser usadas sobre todo en población de riesgo. Requiere reevaluación periódica por ser un síntoma dinámico.(AU)


Introduction: Oropharyngeal dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, may be due to anatomic abnormality, including cervical malformations. A comprehensive assessment and an individualized care, which may include multiple specialists, are crucial in preventing complications and improving the quality of life for both the patient and family. A clinical case is presented that illustrates the relationship between oropharyngeal dysphagia and its complications in a patient with craniocervical and pulmonary malformations. Case report. 3-year-old girl with a complex medical history including congenital cervical bone malformation, who presents with recurrent episodes of pneumonia following her last surgical intervention at that level. Given her medical history, aspirational etiology is considered as first diagnostic possibility with studies confirming dysphagia to liquids, compensable with dietary adaptation. Despite adequate treatment of dysphagia the persistence of episodes, always in the same location, makes us reconsider the etiology. The chest CT revealed a pulmonary malformation at that level and the patient underwent a successful thoracoscopic lobectomy. Currently, she has not had recurrent pneumonia and, thanks to treatment by a speech therapist, she has shown progressive improvement in her dysphagia. Conclusions. Oropharyngeal dysphagia is an underdiagnosed symptom. It is essential we begin to codify it in reports and records. There are screening tools to facilitate the diagnosis at any level of health care that should be used especially in at risk population. It requires periodic reevaluation as it is a dynamic symptom.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Deglutition Disorders , Inpatients , Physical Examination , Congenital Abnormalities , Pediatrics , Bone and Bones/abnormalities
8.
Bol. pediatr ; 64(267): 16-20, 2024. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-232572

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La esofagitis eosinofílica es una enfermedad inmunomediada, crónica y progresiva, combinando disfunción esofágica e infiltrado eosinofílico exclusivo del esófago. Tanto su diagnóstico como su respuesta a los tratamientos requieren de evaluación histológica mediante endoscopias repetidas. Caso clínico. Varón de 11 años con disfagia para sólidos de años de evolución con empeoramiento en los últimos meses; angustia ante las ingestas con estancamiento ponderal; vómitos en impactaciones alimentarias; pirosis postprandial. Antecedentes patológicos: broncoespasmos de repetición y sensibilización a Alternaria. Exploración física: signos de hipotrofia pondero-estatural (somatometría: alrededor de –2 desviaciones estándares; Carrascosa 2017). Pruebas complementarias: analítica general sin alteraciones significativas incluyendo inmunoglobulinas E específicas alimentarias; prick test sensibilización a neumoalérgenos; gastroscopia mucosa esofágica edematosa, estrías longitudinales y exudados blanquecinos, mucosa gástrica signos de gastritis, mucosa duodenal normal; histología con un máximo 35 eosinófilos por campos de gran aumento y gastritis crónica leve-moderada con infección por Helicobacter pylori. Tratamiento y evolución: inducción a la remisión con inhibidores bomba de protones a dosis altas con buena respuesta clínica y macroscópica (parcial histológica), reduciendo a dosis de mantenimiento; ante recaída macroscópica (no histológica) se cambia a dieta exenta de leche y gluten sin respuesta; segundo intento de remisión con inhibidores sin éxito; finalmente se pautan corticoides deglutidos con buena respuesta tanto macroscópica como histológica; pendiente control con dosis de mantenimiento, asintomático. Comentarios. Como se aprecia en nuestro caso, esta enfermedad conlleva un difícil manejo ante la afectación parcheada de la mucosa y la discordancia clínico-histológica, lo que complica la interpretación de sus resultados.(AU)


Introduction: Eosinophilic esophagitis is an immunemediated, chronic and progressive disease, combining esophageal dysfunction and eosinophilic infiltrate exclusive to the esophagus. Both its diagnosis and its response to treatments require histological evaluation through repeated endoscopies. Case report. 11-year-old male with dysphagia for solids of years of evolution with worsening in recent months; anxiety before eating with weight stagnation; vomiting in food impactions; postprandial heartburn. Pathological history: repeated bronchospasms and sensitization to Alternaria. Physical examination: signs of weight-height hypotrophy (somatometry: around –2 standard deviations; Carrascosa 2017). Complementary tests: general blood test without significant alterations including food-specific immunoglobulins E; prick test sensitization to pneumoallergens; gastroscopy edematous esophageal mucosa, longitudinal furrows and whitish exudates, gastric mucosa signs of gastritis, normal duodenal mucosa; histology with a maximum of 35 eosinophils per high-power fields and mild-moderate chronic gastritis with Helicobacter pylori infection. Treatment and evolution: induction of remission with high-dose proton pump inhibitors with good clinical and macroscopic response (partial histological), reducing to maintenance doses; In the event of a macroscopic (non-histological) relapse, a diet free of milk and gluten is started without response; second attempt at remission with inhibitors without success; finally, swallowed corticosteroids are prescribed with good macroscopic and histological response; pending control with maintenance dose, asymptomatic. Discussion. Like our case shows, this disease has a difficult management due to patchy involvement of the mucosa and clinical-histological discordance, which complicates the interpretation of its results.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Eosinophilic Esophagitis/diagnosis , Eosinophilic Esophagitis/drug therapy , Histology , Deglutition Disorders , Pediatrics , Endoscopy
9.
CoDAS ; 36(1): e20220232, 2024. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514030

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar o risco de disfagia e sua associação com os sinais sugestivos de sarcopenia, estado nutricional e frequência da higiene oral em idosos hospitalizados. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal analítico com participação de 52 idosos internados em clínica médica de um hospital público no Distrito Federal. Foram aplicados os instrumentos Eating Assessment Tool, Strength, Assistance with walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs and Falls + Circunferência da Panturrilha e o Mini Nutritional Assessment shortform além de coleta de dados sociodemográficos e de condições de saúde. Resultados Dos idosos participantes 30,8% apresentaram risco de disfagia autorrelatada. Os fatores associados ao risco de disfagia foram sinais sugestivos sarcopenia (p=0,04), estado nutricional (p<0,001) e frequência da higiene oral (p=0,03). Conclusão Na população geriátrica deste estudo, em sua maioria com Covid-19, o risco de disfagia esteve associado aos sinais sugestivos de sarcopenia, estado nutricional e frequência da higiene oral.


ABSTRACT Purpose To identify the risk of dysphagia and its association with signs suggestive of sarcopenia, nutritional status and frequency of oral hygiene in the hospitalized elderly. Methods This is an analytical cross-sectional study with the participation of 52 elderly patients admitted to a medical clinic at a public hospital in the Federal District, Brazil. The Eating Assessment Tool, Strength, Assistance with walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs and Falls + Calf Circumference and the Mini Nutritional Assessment shortform were applied, in addition to the collection of sociodemographic data and health conditions. Results Among the elderly participants, 30.8% were at risk of self-reported dysphagia. The factors associated with the risk of dysphagia were: signs suggestive of sarcopenia (p=0.04), nutritional status (p<0.001) and oral hygiene frequency (p=0.03). Conclusion In the geriatric population of the present study, with the majority of the participants having tested positive for Covid-19, the risk of dysphagia was associated with signs suggestive of sarcopenia, nutritional status and frequency of oral hygiene.

10.
Farm. hosp ; 47(6): 285-288, Noviembre - Diciembre 2023. tab, graf
Article in English, Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-227541

ABSTRACT

Objetivo desarrollar una app para su uso en la práctica asistencial, con información actualizada y veraz sobre la manipulación de medicamentos en los pacientes con disfagia y otros problemas de deglución, así como su compatibilidad con alimentos y espesantes. Método el desarrollo de la app Deglufarm® se hizo con un proyecto de los grupos de trabajo CRONOS, Nutrición y Tecno de la Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria. Se constituyó un grupo de farmacéuticos especialistas, de diferentes ámbitos de la atención al paciente con disfagia. La creación de Deglufarm® constó de varias etapas: selección de principios activos, revisión bibliográfica, elaboración de contenidos, diseño (se contactó con una empresa experta en diseño de apps), testing, lanzamiento, actualización de contenidos y seguimiento. Resultados Deglufarm® está disponible para Android e IOS gratuitamente desde julio de 2022. Ha sido testada entre los miembros del grupo investigador y colaboradores. En la actualidad se han revisado y registrado en Deglufarm® 540 monografías de principios activos. La primera versión está dirigida a profesionales sanitarios. Conclusiones Deglufarm® es una herramienta fácil y sencilla de consultar, con la evidencia más actual sobre la manipulación de los medicamentos que contiene. (AU)


Objective Develop an App to use in healthcare practice, with updated and accurate information on the handling of medications in patients with dysphagia or deglution disorders, as well as their compatibility with food and thickeners. Methods The development of the Deglufarm® App was based on the CRONOS, Nutrition and Techno working groups of the Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria. A group of specialist pharmacists was created from different care areas for patients with dysphagia. The creation of Deglufarm® consisted of several stages: Selection of active drugs, literature review, content development, design (an expert company in App design was contacted), testing, launch, content update and follow-up. Results Deglufarm® is available for Android and IOS free of charge from July 2022. It has been tested among the members of the research group and collaborators, currently, 540 monographs of active drugs have been reviewed and registered in Deglufarm. The first version is aimed at healthcare professionals. Conclusions Deglufarm® is an easy tool to consult, with the most current evidence on handling the medicines it contains. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Mobile Applications , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Deglutition Disorders/drug therapy
11.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 57(4): [100804], Oct-Dic, 2023. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-228349

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Dysphagia is a common post-stroke complication, which may result in serious pulmonary sequelae. Early detection of dysphagia and aspiration risk can reduce morbidity, mortality and length of hospitalization. Objectives: This study aims to identify association between dysphagia and acute cerebrovascular disease, and evaluate the prevalence and impact of pulmonary complications on readmissions and mortality. Material and methods: Retrospective observational study based on 250 clinical records of patients with acute cerebrovascular disease: clinical history, neurological examination, imaging and Gugging Swallowing Screen in the first 48h. Patients were followed for 3 months via medical records to estimate 3-month mortality and readmissions. Results: Out of 250 clinical records analyzed, 102 (40.8%) were evaluated for dysphagia. The prevalence of dysphagia was 32.4%. The risk was higher in older patients (p<0.001), in severe stroke (p<0.001) and in the hemorrhagic subtype (p=0.008). An association was found with dysarthria and aphasia (p=0.003; p=0.017). Respiratory tract infections occurred in 14.4% of all patients (GUSS group 11.8% versus no GUSS group 16.2%), and in 75% of those with severe dysphagia (p<0.001). Mortality at 3 months was 24.2% in dysphagic patients, especially high in the severe dysphagia group (75%, p<0.001). Conclusions: The type of cerebrovascular disease, NIHSS and GCS scores, age, dysarthria, and aphasia were significant associated factors to dysphagia. The prevalence of respiratory tract infections was higher in patients with no GUSS record, and no statistical significance was observed in related readmissions. Mortality at 3 months was superior in the severe dysphagia group.(AU)


Introducción: La disfagia es una complicación frecuente posterior a un evento cerebrovascular, que puede provocar graves secuelas pulmonares. La detección temprana de la disfagia y el riesgo de aspiración puede reducir la morbilidad, la mortalidad y la duración de la hospitalización. Objetivos: Este estudio pretende identificar asociaciones entre la disfagia y la enfermedad cerebrovascular aguda, y evaluar la prevalencia y el impacto de las complicaciones pulmonares en los reingresos y en la mortalidad. Material y método: Estudio observacional retrospectivo basado en 250 historias clínicas de pacientes con enfermedad cerebrovascular aguda: historia clínica, examen neurológico, pruebas de imagen y Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) en las primeras 48h. Los pacientes fueron seguidos durante 3 meses a través de las historias clínicas para estimar la mortalidad a los 3 meses y los reingresos. Resultados: De las 250 historias clínicas analizadas, 102 (40,8%) fueron evaluados por disfagia. La prevalencia de disfagia fue del 32,4%. El riesgo fue mayor en los pacientes de mayor edad (p<0,001), en el ictus grave (p<0,001) y en el subtipo hemorrágico (p=0,008). Se encontró asociación con la disartria y la afasia (p=0,003; p=0,017). Las infecciones del tracto respiratorio se produjeron en el 14,4% de todos los pacientes (grupo GUSS 11,8% vs. grupo sin GUSS 16,2%), y en el 75% de los que tenían disfagia grave (p<0,001). La mortalidad a los 3 meses fue del 24,2% en pacientes disfágicos, especialmente alta en el grupo de disfagia grave (75%; p<0,001). Conclusiones: El tipo de enfermedad cerebrovascular, las puntuaciones NIHSS y GCS, edad, disartria y afasia fueron factores asociados de forma significativa a la disfagia. La prevalencia de infecciones del tracto respiratorio fue mayor en los pacientes sin registro GUSS, y no se observó significación estadística en los reingresos relacionados. La mortalidad a los 3 meses fue superior en el grupo de disfagia grave.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Deglutition Disorders , Stroke , Stroke Rehabilitation , Aphasia/complications , Respiratory Tract Infections/complications , Retrospective Studies , Rehabilitation
12.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 115(12): 693-699, Dic. 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English, Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-228704

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: la esofagitis eosinofílica (EEo) activa se asocia a alteraciones en el calibre, la distensibilidad y la motilidad esofágica que podrían revertir con el tratamiento. Objetivos: estudiar el diámetro, la distensibilidad y la contractilidad esofágica en sujetos sanos comparándolos con pacientes con EEo antes y después del tratamiento. Métodos: estudio cuasiexperimental. Mediante EndoFLIP™, se analizaron el cuerpo esofágico y la unión esofagogástrica (UEG) de los tres grupos, y se diseñó un programa para obtener los valores de diámetro, distensibilidad y contractilidad esofágica. Resultados: incluimos diez voluntarios sanos (24-61 años, seis hombres) y nueve pacientes con EEo (21-52 años, siete hombres). El índice de distensibilidad de la UEG fue de 5,07 mm2/Hg en controles, 2,40 mm2/Hg en EEo antes del tratamiento y 2,46 mm2/Hg después; la meseta de distensibilidad fue de 20,02 mm, 15,43 mm y 17,41 mm, respectivamente; y el diámetro, de 21,90 mm, 17,73 mm y 18,30 mm, con diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) excepto entre los diámetros de controles y pacientes tratados (p = 0,079). Las contracciones anterógradas repetitivas aparecieron en el 90 % de los controles, en el 66,7 % de EEo a antes del tratamiento y en el 88,9 % después (p > 0,05). Conclusiones: el índice de distensibilidad de la UEG, la meseta de distensibilidad y el diámetro en controles son mayores que en pacientes, aunque seis semanas de tratamiento parece poco tiempo para ver cambios significativos en la biomecánica esofágica. Las contracciones anterógradas repetitivas son el patrón predominante en sanos y en EEo. Aportamos valores de normalidad de la biomecánica esofágica medida mediante planimetría por impedancia en nuestro entorno.(AU)


Background: active eosinophilic esophagitis is associated with esophageal caliber, distensibility and motility changes that may be reversed with treatment. Objectives: to study esophageal diameter, distensibility and contractility in healthy subjects compared to patients with eosinophilic esophagitis, both before and after treatment. Methods: a quasi-experimental study, EndoFLIP™, was used to analyze the esophageal body and esophago-gastric junction (EGJ) in all three groups, and a program was designed to obtain esophageal diameter, distensibility and contractility values. Results: ten healthy volunteers (24-61 years, six men) and nine patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (21-52 years, seven men) were included. The esophagogastric junction distensibility index was 5.07 mm2/Hg in the control subjects, 2.40 mm2/Hg in the subjects with eosinophilic esophagitis before treatment and 2.46 mm2/Hg after treatment. The distensibility plateau was 20.02 mm, 15.43 mm and 17.41 mm, respectively, and the diameter was 21.90 mm, 17.73 mm and 18.30 mm, showing significant differences (p < 0.05), except between control subjects and patients after treatment (p = 0.079). Repetitive antegrade contractions developed in 90 % of control subjects, 66.7 % of eosinophilic esophagitis patients before treatment and 88.9 % of the latter after treatment (p > 0.05). Conclusions: esophago-gastric junction distensibility index, distensibility plateau and diameter values were higher in controls than in patients, although six weeks of treatment seems a short period to observe significant changes in esophageal biomechanics. Repetitive antegrade contractions are the predominant pattern in healthy subjects and eosinophilic esophagitis. We provide normality values for esophageal biomechanics, measured by impedance planimetry in our setting.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Eosinophilic Esophagitis/diagnosis , Esophageal Diseases/drug therapy , Compliance , Deglutition Disorders , Esophagogastric Junction , Biomechanical Phenomena , Spain , Case-Control Studies , Gastrointestinal Diseases , Digestive System Diseases
14.
Diagn. tratamento ; 28(4): 197-99, out-dez/2023. fig. 1
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1532351

ABSTRACT

Contexto: Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) é um método clínico de detecção de disfagia, entendida como dificuldade na deglutição. Em pesquisa realizada no Brasil, foi observado que 9,5% de indivíduos saudáveis assintomáticos têm resultados do teste compatível com disfagia. Objetivo: Avaliar os possíveis fatores que influenciam o resultado anormal do teste em indivíduos saudáveis. Método: Estudo transversal realizado na Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP) em 358 voluntários sem doenças e sem sintomas, nos quais foi aplicado o teste EAT-10. Resultados: Em 316 o resultado nos 10 itens do teste foi zero, e em 42 os resultados da somatória dos 10 itens foi igual ou superior a 3, considerado indicativo de disfagia. O resultado ≥ 3 ocorreu em 10 homens entre 144 (7%) e 32 mulheres entre 214 (15%), (P = 0,01). A mediana (limites) de idades daqueles com resultado zero foi de 39 (20-84) anos, e com resultado ≥ 3 foi de 32 (20-83) anos (P = 0,04). O índice de massa corporal (IMC) não apresentou diferença entre pessoas com e sem indicação de disfagia. O máximo escore possível para o item 5 (dificuldade na ingestão de medicamentos) foi o que obteve o maior percentual (43,9%) de máximo escore possível, sendo o fator mais importante para o resultado anormal. Discussão: Em indivíduos saudáveis, a dificuldade em ingerir medicamentos foi o fator que mais influenciou a ocorrência de resultado do teste EAT-10 indicativo de disfagia. Conclusão: Dificuldade na ingestão de medicamentos sólidos deve ser considerada quando da interpretação do teste.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Deglutition Disorders , Deglutition , Eating , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Critical Pathways , Drug Utilization
15.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535320

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This pilot study aimed to identify and test a battery of time-efficient and cost-effective voice and swallowing screening tools for post-extubated patients in Chile. Methods: A panel of four experts selected and rated voice and swallowing screening tools. Seven measures were selected: smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) and maximum phonation time (MPT) for voice assessment, Volume-Viscosity Swallow Test (V-VST) for swallowing, voluntary and reflex peak cough flow for cough assessment, Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10), and Vocal Symptom Scale (VoiSS) for patient-reported outcomes. These tools were applied to four post-extubation patients within 48-72 hours post-hospital discharge, alongside the assessment of 17 matched controls. Results: Post-extubation patients showed significantly shorter MPT, lower CPPS values, increased V-VST dysphagia signs, reduced voluntary peak cough flow, and more pronounced symptoms on both the VoiSS and EAT-10 compared to controls. Limitations: The study had a modest sample size and relied solely on clinical screening tools. Value: This pilot study suggests a feasible and cost-effective approach to voice and swallowing screening for post-extubation patients, valuable in resource-constrained settings. Conclusion: While these accessible tools are not gold-standard assessments, they offer valuable insights and can guide future research. This study underscores the potential of selected tools in facilitating early detection of voice and swallowing disorders in post-extubation patients.


Objetivos: Este estudio piloto tuvo como objetivo identificar y probar una batería de herramientas de detección de problemas de voz y deglución que fueran eficientes en cuanto a tiempo y costo para pacientes chilenos postextubados. Métodos: Un panel de cuatro expertos seleccionó y evaluó herramientas de detección de voz y deglución. Se seleccionaron siete medidas: prominencia de pico cepstral suavizado (CPPS) y tiempo máximo de fonación (TMF) para la evaluación de la voz, prueba de volumen-viscosidad (V-VST) para la deglución, flujo máximo voluntario y reflejo de la tos para evaluar la tos, Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) y la Escala de Sintomas Vocales (ESV) para los resultados informados por los pacientes. Estas herramientas se aplicaron a cuatro pacientes postextubados (48-72 horas), junto con la evaluación de 17 controles pareados. Resultados: Los pacientes postextubados mostraron un TMF y CPPS significativamente más bajos, aumento de los indicios de disfagia en la V-VST, reducción del flujo máximo de la tos y síntomas más pronunciados tanto en la ESV como en la EAT-10 en comparación con los controles. Limitaciones: El estudio tuvo un tamaño de muestra reducida y se basó únicamente en herramientas de detección clínica. Valor: Este estudio piloto sugiere un enfoque factible y rentable para la detección de problemas de voz y deglución en pacientes postextubados, valioso en entornos con recursos limitados. Conclusión: Aunque ese abordaje no sustituye a las evaluaciones de referencia, ofrece información valiosa y puede guiar futuras investigaciones que busquen facilitar la detección temprana de los trastornos de la voz-deglución en pacientes postextubados.

16.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 75(6)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535655

ABSTRACT

La disfagia alta es un síntoma frecuente de consulta al otorrinolaringólogo o gastroenteròlogo. Los diagnósticos diferenciales son trastornos de la deglución por daño neurològico, anillos esofágicos superiores, globus faríngeo, neoplasia, disfagia lusoria y trastornos motores inespecífico y otras más raras aún. Hay escasa literatura actualizada en pacientes adultos. El diagnóstico se basa en el estudio radiológico baritado, endoscopia y complementariamente con manometría. Las opciones de tratamiento son motivo de discusión, dada la poca evidencia disponible. En este artículo se presentan los resultados observados en una cohorte de 10 pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de acalasia del cricofaríngeo sometidos a dilatación endoscópica (7 pacientes) o miotomía quirúrgica por cervicotomía (3 pacientes). Se evaluó evolución de la disfagia, complicaciones post procedimiento y resultados a largo plazo. No hubo complicaciones mayores, la disfagia mejoro en ambos grupos, en el grupo de dilatación se complementó el tratamiento con dilataciones periódicas en 2 pacientes. No hubo diferencias significativas en los 2 grupos estudiados. Conclusión: ambas opciones terapéuticas presentan buenos resultados en el tratamiento de estos pacientes.


Dysphagia at cervical level is a frequent symptom causing visit to otolaryngologist or gastroenterologist. The differential diagnoses are swallowing disorders due to neurological damage, upper esophageal rings, pharyngeal globus, neoplasia, non-specific motor disorders and other even rarer ones. There is little updated literature in adult patients. The diagnosis is based on the barium radiological study, endoscopy and complementary manometry. Treatment options are a matter of discussion, given the little evidence available. This paper presents the results observed in a cohort of 10 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of cricopharyngeal achalasia who underwent endoscopic dilation (7 patients) or surgical myotomy by cervicotomy (3 patients). The evolution of dysphagia, post-procedure complications and long-term results were evaluated. There were no major complications, dysphagia improved in both groups, in the dilation group the treatment was supplemented with periodic dilations in 2 patients. There were no significant differences in the 2 groups studied. Conclusion: both therapeutic options present good results in the treatment of these patients.

17.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535956

ABSTRACT

Background: Self-expanding metal prostheses improve dysphagia in patients with incurable esophageal cancer (EC). New stents have been introduced, and chemoradiotherapy has been implemented for EC, changing patients' risk profiles. It is unknown whether this has affected palliation with stents. Patients and methods: Retrospective study in three centers in Medellín-Colombia; patients undergoing placement of palliative esophageal prostheses for malignant dysphagia (1997-2022). Major and minor complications after implantation, the influence of oncological therapies, and survival were evaluated for 1997-2009 (n = 289) and 2010-2022 (n = 318). Results: 607 patients underwent esophageal prostheses; 296 (48.8%) became complicated. It was higher in the second period (52.5% vs. 48.1%), as were major complications (20.8% vs. 14.2%, p = 0.033), with no differences in minor complications (33.9% vs 31.8%, p = 0.765). Also, 190 (31.3%) patients presented with recurrent dysphagia, stable in both periods. Migration increased over time (from 13.1% to 18.2%, p = 0.09). The most common minor adverse event was pain, increasing over time (from 24.9% to 33.95%, p < 0.01), and associated factors were chemoradiotherapy, absence of fistula, and squamous cell carcinoma. Acid reflux decreased in the second group (p = 0.038). Twelve percent of patients required another intervention for feeding. Survival was not impacted by time and use of stents. Conclusions: Stents are an alternative in non-surgical malignant dysphagia, although recurrent dysphagia has not decreased over time. Minor stent-related complications are increasing in association with the implementation of chemoradiotherapy.


Antecedentes: Las prótesis metálicas autoexpandibles mejoran la disfagia en pacientes con cáncer esofágico (CE) incurable. En las últimas décadas se han introducido nuevos tipos de stents y se ha implementado la quimiorradioterapia para el CE, generando cambios en los perfiles de riesgo de los pacientes. Se desconoce si estos cambios han afectado la paliación con stents. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo en tres centros de Medellín-Colombia; pacientes sometidos a colocación de prótesis esofágicas paliativas para disfagia maligna (1997-2022). Se evaluaron en dos períodos: 1997-2009 (n = 289) y 2010-2022 (n = 318), complicaciones mayores y menores después del implante, la influencia de las terapias oncológicas y la sobrevida. Resultados: Se evaluaron 607 pacientes sometidos a prótesis esofágicas. 296 (48,8%) se complicaron, y fue mayor en el segundo periodo (52,5% frente a 48,1%), al igual que las complicaciones mayores (20,8% frente a 14,2%, p = 0,033), sin diferencias en complicaciones menores (33,9% frente a 31,8%, p = 0,765). 190 (31,3%) pacientes presentaron disfagia recurrente, estable en ambos períodos. La migración aumentó con el tiempo (de 13,1% a 18,2%, p = 0,09). El evento adverso menor más frecuente fue dolor, que aumentó con el tiempo (de 24,9% a 33,95%, p < 0,01), y los factores asociados fueron quimiorradioterapia, ausencia de fístula y carcinoma de células escamosas. El reflujo ácido disminuyó en el segundo grupo (p = 0,038). El 12% de pacientes requirieron otra intervención para alimentarse. No se impactó la sobrevida con el tiempo y uso de stents. Conclusiones: Los stents son una alternativa en la disfagia maligna no quirúrgica, aunque la disfagia recurrente no ha disminuido con el tiempo. Las complicaciones menores relacionadas con el stent van en aumento, asociadas a la implementación de la quimiorradioterapia.

18.
Nutr Hosp ; 40(Spec No2): 55-61, 2023 Nov 22.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37929911

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Introduction: dysphagia is classified under "symptoms and signs involving the digestive system and abdomen" in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10, code R13). It is defined as obstruction in the region of the pharynx, sternum or xiphoid because of obstruction of the passage of food from the mouth to the stomach or cardia, and has become one of the most important causes affecting the adequate intake of energy and nutrients. An optimal dietary and nutritional approach plays a crucial role in the management of dysphagia. The main goal of such an approach is to ensure safe and sufficient nutrition to prevent malnutrition and complications associated with dysphagia. Objectives: to establish an action protocol for an effective dietary and nutritional approach in patients with dysphagia based on the existing scientific evidence. Methods: a review of the scientific literature on the dietary-nutritional approach to dysphagia was carried out. Results: the dietary and nutritional approach in patients with dysphagia requires a multidisciplinary and personalized approach and is essential to improve the quality of life of patients with dysphagia. Through the implementation of an evidence-based action protocol, it is possible to guarantee preventing aspiration and ensuring safe swallowing and modification of textures of different foods (thus promoting adequate intake of nutrients and fluids to avoid malnutrition and dehydration). Conclusion: adequate and protocolized management, from a dietary and nutritional point of view, can have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients, improving their well-being and preventing complications associated with this condition.


Introducción: Introducción: la disfagia se clasifica dentro de los "síntomas y signos que involucran el sistema digestivo y el abdomen" en la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-10, código R13). Dicho síntoma produce en la región de la faringe, el esternón o el xifoides como resultado de la obstrucción del paso de alimentos de la boca al estómago o al cardias, y se ha convertido en una de las causas más importantes que afecta a la ingesta adecuada de energía y nutrientes. Un abordaje dietético y nutricional óptimo desempeña un papel crucial en el manejo de la disfagia. El objetivo principal de dicho abordaje es garantizar una alimentación segura y suficiente para prevenir la desnutrición y las complicaciones asociadas a la disfagia. Objetivos: establecer un protocolo de actuación para realizar, de forma eficaz, el abordaje dietético y nutricional en pacientes con disfagia en base a la evidencia científica existente. Métodos: se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura científica sobre el abordaje dietético-nutricional de la disfagia. Resultados: el abordaje dietético y nutricional en pacientes con disfagia requiere un enfoque multidisciplinar y personalizado, y es fundamental para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con disfagia. A través de la implementación del protocolo de actuación basado en la evidencia, se puede garantizar: prevenir la aspiración y asegurar una deglución segura y, modificación de texturas de los diferentes alimentos (promoviendo de esta forma la ingesta adecuada de nutrientes y líquidos para evitar la desnutrición y la deshidratación). Conclusión: un manejo adecuado y protocolizado, desde el punto de vista dietético y nutricional, puede llegar a tener un impacto significativo en la calidad de vida de los pacientes, mejorando su bienestar y previniendo complicaciones asociadas a esta condición.


Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders , Malnutrition , Humans , Deglutition Disorders/therapy , Deglutition Disorders/complications , Quality of Life , Diet , Nutritional Status , Malnutrition/etiology , Malnutrition/prevention & control , Review Literature as Topic
19.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 161(9): 374-381, nov. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-226875

ABSTRACT

Background Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGID) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract with unknown etiology. Features, utility, and evolution are still unknown in screening for EGID in adult patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Objectives To evaluate the prevalence, characteristics, comorbidities, and evolution of EGID in adults diagnosed with EoE and investigate differences between both groups. Methods Prospective unicenter observational and analytical study. Gastric and duodenal biopsies were obtained during upper baseline endoscopy in all consecutive EoE adult patients evaluated. A colonoscopy with colon biopsies was performed upon persistent diarrhea and normal duodenal biopsies. Results 212 EoE patients were included. Nine patients (4.3%) also showed significant eosinophilic infiltration in at least one organ within the digestive tract. The most common site affected was the small bowel (78%). Gastrointestinal symptoms (43% vs. 100%, p<0.002) and, more specifically, either abdominal pain or diarrhea (17% vs. 78%, p<0.001), some food sensitizations, and digestive comorbidities (p<0.05) were significantly more common in patients with EGID. Gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 94/212 (44%) patients, of whom 9 (10%) had EGID. Considering only abdominal pain or diarrhea, 20% suffered from it. Conclusions EGID rarely coexist with EoE, even when gastrointestinal symptoms are present. These findings advise against routine gastric, duodenal, or colon biopsies in adult EoE patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Most of the characteristics of EoE do not change due to having EGID except gastrointestinal symptoms, digestive comorbidities, and sensitizations to some foods. The evolution was generally favorable despite intermittent adherence to treatment, especially maintenance (AU)


Antecedentes Las enfermedades gastrointestinales eosinofílicas primarias (EGIE) son trastornos inflamatorios crónicos del tracto gastrointestinal con etiología desconocida. Aún se desconocen las características, la utilidad y la evolución en el cribado de EGIE en pacientes adultos con esofagitis eosinofílica (EoE). Objetivos Evaluar la prevalencia, características, comorbilidades y evolución de las EGIE en adultos diagnosticados de EoE e investigar las diferencias entre ambos grupos. Métodos Estudio observacional y analítico prospectivo de un único centrro. Se obtuvieron biopsias gástricas y duodenales durante la endoscopia digestiva superior en todos los pacientes adultos con EoE consecutivos evaluados. Se realizó colonoscopia con biopsias de colon ante diarrea persistente y biopsias de duodeno normales. Resultados Se incluyeron 212 pacientes con EoE. Nueve pacientes (4,3%) también mostraron infiltración eosinofílica significativa en al menos un órgano dentro del tracto digestivo. El sitio más común afectado fue el intestino delgado (78%). Los síntomas gastrointestinales (43 vs. 100%, p < 0,002) y, más específicamente, dolor abdominal o diarrea (17 vs. 78%, p < 0,001), algunas sensibilizaciones alimentarias y comorbilidades digestivas (p < 0,05) fueron significativamente más comunes en pacientes con EGIE. Los síntomas gastrointestinales estuvieron presentes en 94/212 (44%) pacientes, de los cuales nueve (10%) tenían EGIE. Considerando solo dolor abdominal o diarrea, 20% la padecía. Conclusiones Las EGIE rara vez coexisten con EoE, incluso cuando hay síntomas gastrointestinales. Estos hallazgos desaconsejan las biopsias gástricas, duodenales o de colon de rutina en pacientes adultos con EoE con síntomas gastrointestinales. La mayoría de las características de la EoE no cambian por tener EGIE, excepto los síntomas gastrointestinales, las comorbilidades digestivas y las sensibilizaciones a algunos alimentos (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Biomarkers/blood , Gastrointestinal Diseases/complications , Eosinophilia , Esophageal Diseases/etiology , Severity of Illness Index , Prospective Studies
20.
Nutr. hosp ; 40(5): 1025-1032, SEPTIEMBRE-OCTUBRE, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-226304

ABSTRACT

Introduction: dysphagia is a common complication of stroke, and serum albumin is widely recognized as a strong prognostic marker of healthand/or disease status. However, the correlation between dysphagia and serum albumin levels has not been established.Objectives: to observe the correlation between dysphagia and serum albumin levels and prognosis in patients with stroke.Methods: we performed a retrospective study of patients hospitalized between June 1, 2018, and June 1, 2022. A total of 1,370 patients wereenrolled. The patients were divided into two groups: dysphagia and non-dysphagia. Binary logistic regression and multiple linear regressionmodels were used to analyze the correlation between dysphagia, albumin, modified Rankin Scale (mRS), activities of daily living (ADL), andlength of hospital stay (LOS).Results: after adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of pneumonia in the dysphagia group was 2.417 times higher than that in the non-dysphagia group (OR = 2.417, 95 % CI: 1.902-3.072, p = 0.000). The risk of mRS ≥ 3 and modified Barthel index (MBI) < 60 in patients with dysphagia was 3.272-fold (OR = 3.272, 95 % CI: 2.508-4.269, p < 0.001) and 1.670-fold (OR = 1.670, 95 % CI: 1.230-2.268, p < 0.001), respectively; and the risk of hypoproteinemia was 2.533 times higher (OR = 2.533, 95 % CI: 1.879-3.414, p = 0.000). Stepwise linear regression showed that dysphagia was significantly correlated with lower albumin levels and higher mRS, lower ADL, and longer LOS in patients with stroke (β = -0.220, β = 0.265, β = -0.210, and β = 0.147, respectively; p < 0.001). Conclusions: dysphagia in patients with stroke is associated with decreased albumin levels and has an impact on its prognosis. (AU)


Introducción: la disfagia es una complicación común del accidente cerebrovascular, y la albúmina sérica es ampliamente reconocida como un fuerte marcador pronóstico del estado de salud y/o enfermedad. Sin embargo, no se ha establecido la correlación entre la disfagia y los niveles de albúmina sérica. Objetivos: observar la correlación entre la disfagia y los niveles de albúmina sérica y el pronóstico en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular. Métodos: realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de pacientes hospitalizados entre el 1 de junio de 2018 y el 1 de junio de 2022. Se inscribieron untotal de 1.370 pacientes, los cuales fueron divididos en dos grupos: con disfagia y sin disfagia. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística binaria y de regresión lineal múltiple para analizar la correlación entre la disfagia, la albúmina, la escala de Rankin modificada (ERm), las actividades de la vida diaria (AVD) y el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria (TEH). Resultados: después de ajustar por factores de confusión, el riesgo de neumonía en el grupo de disfagia fue 2,417 veces mayor que en el gruposin disfagia (OR = 2,417, IC 95 %: 1,902-3,072, p = 0,000). El riesgo de ERm ≥ 3 y el índice de Barthel modificado (MBI) < 60 en pacientes condisfagia se multiplicó por 3,272 veces (OR = 3,272, IC 95 %: 2,508-4,269, p < 0,001) y 1,670 veces (OR = 1,670, IC 95 %: 1,230-2,268, p <0,001), respectivamente; el riesgo de hipoproteinemia fue 2,533 veces mayor (OR = 2,533, IC 95 %: 1,879-3,414, p = 0,000). La regresión linealpor pasos mostró que la disfagia se correlacionó significativamente con niveles más bajos de albúmina y ERm más altos, AVD más bajos y TEHmás prolongados en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular (β = -0,220, β = 0,265, β = -0,210 y β = 0,147, respectivamente; p < 0,001).Conclusiones: la disfagia en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular se asocia a una disminución de los niveles de albúmina y repercute ensu pronóstico. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Stroke/therapy , Prognosis , Correlation of Data , Retrospective Studies , Serum Albumin
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