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1.
CorSalud ; 11(1): 70-74, ene.-mar. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089712

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La miocardiopatía o displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho es una cardiopatía de origen genético cuyo diagnóstico supone, a menudo, un reto para el clínico. Es una de las causas más comunes de muerte súbita cardíaca en la adolescencia y en los adultos jóvenes. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con historia de arritmias ventriculares malignas y de muerte súbita cardíaca recuperada, por displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho, con fragmentación del QRS en las derivaciones precordiales derechas, como marcador de la presencia de un sustrato propicio para el surgimiento de la fibrilación ventricular espontánea. Se comenta la patogenia, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de esta enfermedad.


ABSTRACT The arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia or cardiomyopathy is a genetic heart disease whose diagnosis is often a challenge for the clinician. It is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in adolescence and in young adults. We present the case of a patient with a history of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and recovered sudden cardiac death due to arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, with QRS fragmentation in the right precordial leads, as a marker of the presence of a suitable substrate for the emergence of spontaneous ventricular fibrillation. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of this disease are discussed.


Subject(s)
Death, Sudden , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia
2.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; Arch. cardiol. Méx;85(1): 68-72, ene.-mar. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-746424

ABSTRACT

Hereditary sudden cardiac death syndromes comprise a wide range of diseases resulting from alteration in cardiac ion channels. Genes involved in these syndromes represent diverse mutations that cause the altered encoding of the diverse proteins constituting these channels, thus affecting directly the currents of the corresponding ions. In the present article we will briefly review how to arrive to a clinical diagnosis and we will present the results of molecular genetic studies made in Mexican subjects attending the SCD Syndromes Clinic of the National Institute of Cardiology of Mexico City.


Los síndromes hereditarios de muerte súbita cardíaca comprenden una amplia gama de enfermedades resultantes de la alteración en los canales iónicos cardíacos. Los genes implicados en estos síndromes presentan mutaciones que causan alteraciones de las diversas proteínas que constituyen estos canales y que, por lo tanto, afectan directamente a las diferentes corrientes iónicas. En el presente artículo se revisa brevemente la forma de llegar a un diagnóstico clínico de dichos síndromes y se presentan los resultados de los estudios genéticos moleculares realizados en sujetos mexicanos que asisten a la Clínica de Síndromes Hereditarios de Muerte Súbita del Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Death, Sudden, Cardiac , Heart Arrest/diagnosis , Heart Arrest/genetics , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Mexico , Syndrome
3.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 85(1): 68-72, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25661095

ABSTRACT

Hereditary sudden cardiac death syndromes comprise a wide range of diseases resulting from alteration in cardiac ion channels. Genes involved in these syndromes represent diverse mutations that cause the altered encoding of the diverse proteins constituting these channels, thus affecting directly the currents of the corresponding ions. In the present article we will briefly review how to arrive to a clinical diagnosis and we will present the results of molecular genetic studies made in Mexican subjects attending the SCD Syndromes Clinic of the National Institute of Cardiology of Mexico City.


Subject(s)
Death, Sudden, Cardiac , Heart Arrest/diagnosis , Heart Arrest/genetics , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico , Middle Aged , Syndrome , Young Adult
4.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; Arch. cardiol. Méx;83(4): 282-288, oct.-dic. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-703017

ABSTRACT

Hombre de 51 años admitido en el hospital por presentar palpitaciones y mareos de 2 h de evolución. El electrocardiograma demostró taquicardia regular de QRS ancho y frecuencia cardíaca de 250 lpm, con eje superior y morfología de bloqueo completo de rama izquierda sin descompensación hemodinámica. Se administraron dosis de carga y mantenimiento con amiodarona, revirtiendo a ritmo sinusal. El estudio electrofisiológico demostró el origen ventricular de la taquicardia y su inducibilidad. En la angiografía coronaria no se observaron lesiones significativas en los vasos epicárdicos. Se realizó un ecocardiograma Doppler que presentó cavidades con diámetros y función sistólica y diastólica dentro de los parámetros normales. Ante la sospecha de enfermedad estructural miocárdica se llevó a cabo una resonancia magnética cardíaca contrastada con realce tardío que demostró alteración estructural del ventrículo derecho con incremento de la trabeculación e infiltración fibrograsa parietal y deterioro moderado de su función sistólica, y deterioro leve de la función sistólica del ventrículo izquierdo, lo cual permitió realizar el diagnóstico de miocardiopatía arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho por presentar 2 criterios mayores. Se decidió implantar un cardiodesfibrilador automático, para prevenir la muerte súbita. El paciente evolucionó de manera favorable y fue dado de alta.


A 51-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of palpitations and a feeling of dizziness for a period of 2h. The electrocardiogram revealed a regular wide-QRS complex tachycardia at a rate of 250 beats per minute, with superior axis and left bundle branch block morphology without hemodynamically decompensation, the patient was cardioverted to sinus rhythm after the administration of a loading and maintenance dose of amiodarone. The elechtrophysiological study showed the ventricular origin of the arrhythmia. In order to diagnose the etiology of the ventricular tachycardia we performed a coronary arteriography that showed normal epicardial vessels, thus ruling out coronary disease. Doppler echocardiography revea- led systolic and diastolic functions of both left and right ventricles within normal parameters, and normal diameters as well. A cardiac magnetic resonance with late enhancement was done, showing structural abnormalities of the right ventricle wall with moderate impairment of the ejection fraction, and a mild dysfunction of the left ventricle. The diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy was performed as 2 major Task Force criteria were met. We implanted an automatic cardioverter defibrillator as a prophylactic measure. The patient was discharged without complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis
5.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 83(4): 282-8, 2013.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24269158

ABSTRACT

A 51-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of palpitations and a feeling of dizziness for a period of 2h. The electrocardiogram revealed a regular wide-QRS complex tachycardia at a rate of 250 beats per minute, with superior axis and left bundle branch block morphology without hemodynamically decompensation, the patient was cardioverted to sinus rhythm after the administration of a loading and maintenance dose of amiodarone. The elechtrophysiological study showed the ventricular origin of the arrhythmia. In order to diagnose the etiology of the ventricular tachycardia we performed a coronary arteriography that showed normal epicardial vessels, thus ruling out coronary disease. Doppler echocardiography revealed systolic and diastolic functions of both left and right ventricles within normal parameters, and normal diameters as well. A cardiac magnetic resonance with late enhancement was done, showing structural abnormalities of the right ventricle wall with moderate impairment of the ejection fraction, and a mild dysfunction of the left ventricle. The diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy was performed as 2 major Task Force criteria were met. We implanted an automatic cardioverter defibrillator as a prophylactic measure. The patient was discharged without complications.


Subject(s)
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
6.
Insuf. card ; 7(3): 128-132, set. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-129338

ABSTRACT

La miocardiopatía/displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho (DAVD) es una patología de base genética y transmisión autosómica dominante, caracterizada por reemplazo del miocardio normal por tejido adiposo o fibroadiposo, siendo causa importante de muerte súbita en jóvenes. La forma de presentación más relevante es la taquicardia ventricular sostenida o no sostenida, y menos frecuentemente la insuficiencia cardíaca (IC). Presentamos un paciente de 53 años que consulta por disnea, constatándose signos de IC en el contexto de una arritmia supraventricular. El ecocardiograma mostró dilatación de cavidades derechas y fue la primera aproximación al diagnóstico de una peculiar presentación de DAVD.(AU)


Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC) is a genetic-based disorder, autosomal dominant transmission, in which normal myocardium is replaced by adipose or fibroadipose tissue. It is thus one of the main causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young people. Sustained ventricular tachycardia (SVT) or nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) are common symptoms of this disorder. Heart failure (HF) is a less frequent symptom. This is a clinical case of a 53-year-old patient presenting dyspnea and signs of HF in a context of supraventricular arrhythmia. Echocardiogram showed dilation of right cavities. This was the first approximation towards a diagnosis of this peculiar manifestation of ARVC.(AU)


A cardiomiopatia/displasia arritmogÛnica do ventrículo direito (DAVD) é uma doenþa de base genética e transmissÒo autoss¶mica dominante, caracterizada pela substituiþÒo do miocárdio normal por tecido adiposo ou fibroadiposo, sendo uma importante causa de morte súbita em pessoas jovens. O estilo mais significativo é a taquicardia ventricular sustentada ou nÒo sustentada, e menos freq³entemente insuficiÛncia cardíaca (IC). Relatamos um caso clínico de um paciente de 53 anos de idade consultando para dispnéia, apresentando sinais de IC no contexto de arritmia supraventricular. O ecocardiograma revelou dilataþÒo de cÔmaras direitas e foi a primeira abordagem para o diagnóstico de uma forma incomum de apresentaþÒo de DAVD.(AU)

7.
Insuf. card ; 7(3): 128-132, set. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-657500

ABSTRACT

La miocardiopatía/displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho (DAVD) es una patología de base genética y transmisión autosómica dominante, caracterizada por reemplazo del miocardio normal por tejido adiposo o fibroadiposo, siendo causa importante de muerte súbita en jóvenes. La forma de presentación más relevante es la taquicardia ventricular sostenida o no sostenida, y menos frecuentemente la insuficiencia cardíaca (IC). Presentamos un paciente de 53 años que consulta por disnea, constatándose signos de IC en el contexto de una arritmia supraventricular. El ecocardiograma mostró dilatación de cavidades derechas y fue la primera aproximación al diagnóstico de una peculiar presentación de DAVD.


Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC) is a genetic-based disorder, autosomal dominant transmission, in which normal myocardium is replaced by adipose or fibroadipose tissue. It is thus one of the main causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young people. Sustained ventricular tachycardia (SVT) or nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) are common symptoms of this disorder. Heart failure (HF) is a less frequent symptom. This is a clinical case of a 53-year-old patient presenting dyspnea and signs of HF in a context of supraventricular arrhythmia. Echocardiogram showed dilation of right cavities. This was the first approximation towards a diagnosis of this peculiar manifestation of ARVC.


A cardiomiopatia/displasia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito (DAVD) é uma doença de base genética e transmissão autossômica dominante, caracterizada pela substituição do miocárdio normal por tecido adiposo ou fibroadiposo, sendo uma importante causa de morte súbita em pessoas jovens. O estilo mais significativo é a taquicardia ventricular sustentada ou não sustentada, e menos freqüentemente insuficiência cardíaca (IC). Relatamos um caso clínico de um paciente de 53 anos de idade consultando para dispnéia, apresentando sinais de IC no contexto de arritmia supraventricular. O ecocardiograma revelou dilatação de câmaras direitas e foi a primeira abordagem para o diagnóstico de uma forma incomum de apresentação de DAVD.

8.
Rev. costarric. cardiol ; 13(1): 35-38, jun. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-637517

ABSTRACT

La displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho se caracteriza por atrofia y reemplazo fibroso y graso del miocardio, y arritmias ventriculares. Se reporta el caso de una mujer de 54 años que se presentó con choque circulatorio fatal, haciéndose el diagnóstico patológico de displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho. Se discuten las características clínicas, diagnóstico y manejo de esta cardiopatía potencialmente letal y aún poco comprendida


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis
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