Educación del paciente adulto en trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas / Education of the adult patientin hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation

El Trasplante de Médula ósea es actualmente, una alternativa en patologías oncológicas, que busca curación y sobrevida del paciente, los cuidados de enfermería en todas las etapas del tratamiento están encaminados a proporcionar atención oportuna y eficaz, con la finalidad de prevenir, tratar y superar complicaciones propias del proceso. La educación de los pacientes y cuidadores favorece a que el paciente aprenda a autocuidarse, a disminuir su ansiedad, a realizar cambios en su comportamiento y estilo de vida y a prevenir la no adherencia al tratamiento. El objetivo fue diseñar un programa educativo sobre los cuidados que el paciente y su familia debe conocer al ingreso y estadía en el servicio de trasplante de Médula Osea. Diseño Metodológico: la búsqueda se efectuó en bases de datos: Pubmed y Google Académico y Scielo. Se analizaron 13 artículos para el desarrollo del trabajo. Resultados: Educar a los pacientes y sus familias sobre el proceso del trasplante de Medula Osea es un gran desafío que necesita de actualización permanente del personal de enfermería. Brindar conocimientos sobre medidas preventivas y pautas que ayuden a sobrellevar este proceso, permitirá tener al paciente como un miembro activo en sus cuidados, disminuyendo su ansiedad y si es necesario realizando modificaciones en su estilo de vida[AU]

Bone Marrow Transplantation is currently an alternative in oncological pathologies, which seeks healing and patient survival, here nursing care at all stages of treatment is aimed at providing timely and effective care, in order to prevent, treat and overcome complications of the process. The education of patients and caregivers favors the patient learning to care for himself, to reduce his anxiety, to make changes in his behavior and lifestyle and to prevent non-adherence to treatment. The objective was to design an educational program on the care that the patient and his family should know during their admission and stay in the Bone Marrow Transplant Service. Methodological design: the search was carried out in the database: Pubmed and Google Scholar and Scielo. 13 articles were analyzed for the development of the work. Results: Educating patients and their families about the bone marrow transplant process is a great challenge that requires permanent updating of the nursing staff. Providing knowledge about preventive measures and guidelines to help cope with this process will allow us to have the patient as an active member in their care, reducing their anxiety and, if necessary, making changes to their lifestyle[AU]

O Transplante de Medula Óssea é atualmente uma alternativa nas patologias oncológicas, que busca a cura e a sobrevivência do paciente, aqui a assistência de enfermagem em todas as etapas do tratamento visa proporcionar uma assistência oportuna e eficaz, | 24a fim de prevenir, tratar e superar complicações do processo. A educação de pacientes e cuidadores favorece que o paciente aprenda a cuidar de si mesmo, a diminuir sua ansiedade, a realizar mudanças em seu comportamento e estilo de vida e a prevenir a não adesão ao tratamento. O objetivo foi elaborar um programa educativo sobre os cuidados que o paciente e sua família devem conhecer durante sua admissão e permanência no serviço de transplante de medula óssea. Desenho metodológico: a busca foi realizada nas bases de dados: Pubmed e Google Acadêmico e Scielo. 13 artigos foram analisados para o desenvolvimento do trabalho. Resultados: Educar os pacientes e seus familiares sobre o processo de transplante de medula óssea é um grande desafio que exige atualização permanente da equipe de enfermagem. Fornecer conhecimento sobre medidas preventivas e orientações para auxiliar no enfrentamento desse processo nos permitirá ter o paciente como um membro ativo em seu cuidado, reduzindo sua ansiedade e, se necessário, realizando mudanças em seu estilo de vida[AU]

Prescription understanding among out-patients in government and private hospitals: A cross-sectional study in Lahore, Pakistan.

INTRODUCTION: Like many other countries, Pakistan's healthcare system is divided into the public and the private sector. According to some studies and the mindset of many Pakistani people, private hospitals provide better services than government hospitals. PURPOSE: The paucity of research studies compelled us to compare the understanding of prescription among outpatients of the government and private hospitals since the understanding of prescription by the patient is an important patient care indicator according to WHO. METHOD: A cross sectional study was conducted by virtue of convenience sampling. The study included 365 patients; 182 from the government sector and 183 from the private sector. The study was conducted over a period of 3 months. A structured questionnaire was prepared to gather data that was analyzed using SPSS Version 22.0. RESULTS: Patients from both government and private hospitals got no counseling while only 45.9% of the government hospital patients and 65.9% of private hospital patients were satisfied with the counseling they received. Our study concluded that the role of a pharmacist must be extended besides dispensing only, in counseling and educating patients to reduce the burden on the physicians and hospitals as well. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that although the patients of private hospitals scored somewhat better at answering the questions than the government hospital patients but they failed to hit the benchmark. Their slightly better results were attributed to higher education levels and better socioeconomic status rather than better services of the hospital.

[The management of asthma as a chronic inflammatory disease and global health problem: A position paper from the scientific societies]. / El manejo del asma como enfermedad inflamatoria crónica y problema sanitario global: documento de posicionamiento de las sociedades científicas.

Asthma is the most prevalent respiratory disease worldwide and it can affect people of all ages and is potentially fatal. Today, maintenance treatments are available that are effective in most patients, yet a significant proportion have poorly controlled disease, despite the resources on offer. This document, endorsed by members of the Spanish medical societies involved in the treatment of asthma, is intended to draw the attention of society and professionals to this problem in Spain. It focuses on the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of asthma, and proposes some actions for improvement as regards patients and healthcare professionals which, in view of the current results arising from inadequate asthma control, might be beneficial to improve outcomes for both patients and public health.

Intervención educativa en diabéticos tipo 2 / Educational intervention in type II diabetes

Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental para valorar la influencia de una intervención educativa en el desarrollo de conocimientos, habilidades y destrezas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus 2, en Cárdenas, ingresados en el Centro de Atención a Pacientes Diabéticos, durante el segundo semestre de 2007 y el primero de 2008. La muestra estuvo conformada por 90 pacientes que asistieron al centro durante los meses de julio a diciembre del año 2007 (grupo de intervención) y 90 pacientes diabéticos de la Atención Primaria (grupo control). La intervención educativa constó de 2 etapas. Para ambos grupos al finalizar la primera etapa se aplicó un cuestionario, mientras que la segunda etapa consistió en actividades de profundización de conocimientos e integración del grupo de intervención, y al mismo tiempo se buscó igual información en el grupo control. Al final de la intervención los participantes en el Curso de Información Básica aumentaron sus conocimientos sobre diabetes mellitus, y mostraron diferencias significativas en cuanto a conocimientos sobre la enfermedad con relación al control. El Curso de Información Básica resulta efectivo para el desarrollo de conocimientos sobre diabetes mellitus. Los pacientes del grupo de intervención mostraron un adecuado control metabólico a los 6 meses de la intervención.

A quasi experimental study was conducted to value the influence of an educational intervention in knowledges, abilities and dexterities development in patients presenting with typo II diabetes mellitus in Cárdenas municipality, admitted in Care Center for Diabetes Patients during the second semester of 2007 and during the first one of 2008. Sample included 90 patients seen in such center from July to December, 2007 (intervention group), and 90 diabetic patients from Primary Care (control group). Educational intervention had 2 stages. In both groups at the end of the first stage we applied a questionnaire, whereas the second one included knowledge deepening activities and group intervention, and at the same time we search for information in control group. At the end of intervention, participants in Basic Information Course increased their knowledges on diabetes mellitus and showed significant differences as regards the knowledges on the disease in relation to control group. The above mentioned course is effective to develop the knowledges on diabetes mellitus. Patients of intervention group showed a appropriate metabolic control at 6 months from the intervention.

Pie diabético

Se revisaron algunas publicaciones recientes sobre el tema que ponen de manifiesto la magnitud del problema desde un enfoque social, médico y familiar. Se expusieron los principales mecanismos implicados en la patogenia: neuropatía periférica, macroangiopatía y microangiopatía, sepsis y deformidades podálicas, así como los principales elementos a tener en cuenta por parte del personal de salud para la prevención de las amputaciones. Se concluyó que la educación diabetológica, como vía de prevención desde la atención primaria, constituye la piedra angular para el logro de los acuerdos de San Vicente de reducir en 50 porciento las amputaciones relacionadas con la diabetes(AU)

Some recent publications on the topic of diabetic foot that show the magnitude of the problem from a social, medical and family point of view were reviewed. The main mechanisms involved in the pathogeny: peripheral neuropathy, macroangiopathy and microangiopathy, sepsis and foot deformities; as well as the most important elements to be taken into account by the health personne to prevent amputations were explained. It was concluded that diabetes education as a way of prevention from the primary health care level is the milestone to attain a 50 percent reduction of the amputations related to diabetes, as it was agreed upon in San Vicente(AU)

Educación al paciente diabético: repercusión en la conducta y control de su enfermedad / Education of the diabetic patient: repercussion in the behaviour and control of the disease

Se realizó un estudio de intervención comunitaria, con el fin de determinar la repercusión de la educación al diabético en la conducta y los conocimientos sobre su enfermedad, en un consultorio medico de la familia, perteneciente al policlínico docente Luis Aldana Palomino del municipio Amancio, Las Tunas. Doce pacientes constituyeron la muestra, a los cuales se les aplicó un cuestionario de conocimientos, antes y después de la información básica. Llegando a las siguientes conclusiones: solo 4 pacientes (33,3 por ciento) tenían conocimientos generales de la enfermedad, un paciente (8,3 por ciento) dominaban los nutrientes esenciales en la dieta, 2 (16,6 por ciento), practicaban ejercicios físicos y sabían sus beneficios. Llama la atención que solo 4 pacientes (33,3 por ciento) estaban educados en el auto cuidado, el tratamiento. Luego de aplicado el programa se corroboraron relevantes logros, mejoraron los conocimientos sobre dieta y ejercicios en un 75 por ciento respectivamente, pero aun mas significativo fueron los resultados sobre el auto cuidado y el tratamiento en un 91,6 por ciento(AU)

It has been realized the intervention in patients with the purpose to determine the education in the behaviors of the diabetic in their knowledge about their illness; in the medical family department that belongs to the policlynical institution Luis Aldana Palomino from Amancio municipality in Las Tunas province. Twelve patients have been taken to aply questions before and after given them the basic information about their disease. We arrived at the following conclusions : only 4 patients (33,3 per cent) had have general knowledge about the disease 1 patient (8,3 per cent) has known about the esential nutritims in the diet, 2 of them (16,6 per cent) practiced physical activities or exercises and knew the benefit. We have to take into account that only 4 patients (33,3 per cent) have been educated in the auto examination. After been applied the program we realized in the better results concerning the diet, the exercises, in the 75 per cent of the patient and the most relevant result was the auto examination the 91,6 per cent of the patients with better results(AU)