ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The association between the extremely low-frequency magnetic field generated by overhead power lines and neurodegenerative disease is still a matter of debate. METHODS: A population-based case-control study was carried out on the residents in the Milan metropolitan area between 2011 and 2016 to evaluate the possible association between exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields generated by high-voltage overhead power lines and Alzheimer's dementia and Parkinson's disease. A statistical analysis was performed on cases and controls matched by sex, year of birth and municipality of residence (with a case to controls ratio of 1 : 4) using conditional logistic regression models adjusted for socio-economic deprivation and distance from the major road network as potential confounders. RESULTS: Odds ratios for residents <50 m from the source of exposure compared with residents at ≥600 m turned out to be 1.11 (95% confidence interval: 0.95-1.30) for Alzheimer's dementia and 1.09 (95% confidence interval: 0.92-1.30) for Parkinson's disease. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of a weak association between exposure to the extremely low-frequency magnetic field and neurodegenerative diseases suggests the continuation of research on this topic. Moreover, the low consistency between the results of the already existing studies emphasises the importance of increasingly refined study designs.
Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology , Electromagnetic Fields/adverse effects , Parkinson Disease/epidemiology , Residence Characteristics , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Alzheimer Disease/etiology , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Italy , Logistic Models , Male , Parkinson Disease/etiology , Risk Factors , Time FactorsABSTRACT
El uso de los campos electromagnéticos (CEM) se encuentra bastante generalizado. La influencia que pudieran ejercer a nivel biológico no es del todo conocida. El objetivo del estudio es la aproximación de la distribución de la posible modificación estructural o funcional biológica debida a una exposición a CEM de frecuencias extremadamente bajas (FEB). Se trata de un estudio inferencial descriptivo de la exposición y distribución de linfocitos T a CEM de FEB con un comparativo entre la investigación descriptiva-investigación explicativa y aporte de metodología bayesiana. Se presenta una sensible variabilidad en los efectos biológicos por exposición a CEM, por lo que las distribuciones y comportamientos pueden verse afectados entre experimentos, atendiendo al desarrollo de los mismos y al carácter de la variable de posible influencia en la exposición. El empleo del análisis bayesiano frente a las técnicas frecuentistas aporta evidencias entre las diferentes proporciones, resultando más informativo que losmétodos convencionales.
The use of electromagnetic fields is fairly widespread. At biological level, the influence they could exert is not fully understood. The study's objective is to approximate the distribution of possible structural or functional biological changes due to the exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields. Its a descriptive inferential study of the exposure and distribution of T lymphocytes to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, and a comparison between the descriptive and explanatory research with the contribution of Bayesian methodology. It presents a significant variability in the biological effects of electromagnetic fields exposure, so that distributions and behavior may be affected between experiments in response to their development and character of the variable in relation to a possible influence of exposure. The use of Bayesian analysis versus frequentist techniques provides evidences between the different proportions, resulting in more informative than conventional methods.
