ABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate bone tissue reactions in rats to an MTA-based endodontic sealer with and without the addition of various concentrations of C3A or C3A + Ag. METHODOLOGY: Bone tissue reactions were evaluated in 45 Wistar rats after 7, 30 and 90 days (n = 5 per period). Three surgical cavities were prepared on the right femur and filled with 0.2 mL MTA Fillapex, MTA Fillapex + C3A and C3A + Ag at various concentrations: AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), EndoSequence BC (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA, USA) or no sealer (negative control). By the end of each experimental period, animals were randomly euthanized. The samples were histologically processed and analysed using a light microscope. The presence of inflammatory cells, fibres and hard tissue barrier formation was evaluated. Data were analysed statistically using nonparametric tests to compare the differences between groups. Multiple groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests with a Bonferroni correction at P = 0.05. RESULTS: The inflammatory response significantly decreased from 30 to 90 days (P < 0.05). Fibre condensation was similar amongst the groups at 07 and 30 days after intervention (P > 0.05). At 90 days, however, fibres were absent in most specimens of EndoSequence BC Sealer, AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and the control group, whilst they were still observed in samples of the modified sealers (P < 0.05). At 90 days, all specimens of AH Plus, EndoSequence BC Sealer and control group had complete formation of hard tissue barrier. In the MTA Fillapex group, as well as in the modified sealers groups, partial deposition of mineralized tissue was noticed. CONCLUSION: The hypothesis tested that the incorporation of C3A and C3A + Ag particles to MTA Fillapex would improve bone tissue repair was partially accepted, since modified MTA Fillapex did not have the same repair potential as the commercial bioceramic material.
Subject(s)
Root Canal Filling Materials , Silver , Aluminum Compounds , Animals , Calcium Compounds , Drug Combinations , Epoxy Resins , Germany , Materials Testing , Oxides , Pemetrexed , Rats , Rats, Wistar , SilicatesABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to compare the physicochemical and biological properties of premixed calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers with other conventional root canal filling materials by systematically reviewing laboratory studies. METHODS: The search was conducted in 3 databases (Medline via PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Two reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted the data. The properties of interest were bond strength, radiopacity, pH, solubility, setting and working time, dimensional change, flow, calcium ion release, antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility, and cytotoxicity. RESULTS: From 2636 potentially eligible studies, 31 were selected for full-text analysis, and 27 were included in the review. Premixed calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers followed the ISO 6876:2012 requirements for most physicochemical properties except for solubility. The target sealers also presented favorable biological findings when compared with conventional sealers. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the lack of well-designed long-term clinical trials, the target premixed calcium silicate-based sealers show good physicochemical and biological properties in vitro. In general, the results were similar or better than conventional endodontic sealers as observed in in vitro and in vivo animal studies.