ABSTRACT
Introducción y objetivo: La hipoterapia (HPOT) y los simuladores de hipoterapia (SHPOT) se utilizan en niños con parálisis cerebral para lograr su máxima funcionalidad e independencia. El objetivo es conocer si la HPOT y los SHPOT producen los mismos efectos beneficiosos sobre el equilibrio, la función motora gruesa y el control postural en menores de 18 años con parálisis cerebral. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizaron como palabras clave: hippotherapy, equine-assisted therapy y cerebral palsy. Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron: PeDro, Scopus, LILACS, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Web of Science y CINAHL Complete (Ebsco). Fueron incluidos ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que estudiaran el efecto de la HPOT y/o los SHPOT sobre las variables mencionadas. Resultados: Cuatro estudios evaluaron el equilibrio, 4 la función motora gruesa y 2 el control postural. La HPOT y los SHPOT produjeron beneficios en todos ellos. Conclusiones: Ambas intervenciones producen mejoras sobre las variables estudiadas, aunque aumentan con la HPOT posiblemente debido a una mayor estimulación sensorial.(AU)
Introduction and objective: Hippotherapy (HPOT) and hippotherapy simulators (SHPOT) are used in children with cerebral palsy to achieve their maximum functionality and independence. The aim is to find out if HPOT and SHPOT produce the same effects on balance, gross motor function, and postural control in children under 18 years old with cerebral palsy. Materials and methods: The keywords used were: hippotherapy, equine-assisted therapy and cerebral palsy. The databases used were PeDro, Scopus, LILACS, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CINAHL Complete (Ebsco). Studies were included if they were randomized clinical trials that studied the effect of HPOT and/or SHPOT on the variables mentioned in these patients. Results: Four studies assessed balance, 4 studied gross motor function, and 2 investigated postural control. Both HPOT and SHPOT produced benefits in all of them. Conclusions: According to the studied variables both interventions produce similar improvements. Although, they increase with HPOT possibly due to greater sensory stimulation.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Equine-Assisted Therapy , Cerebral Palsy/rehabilitation , Postural Balance , Motor Skills , RehabilitationABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Hippotherapy (HPOT) and hippotherapy simulators (SHPOT) are used in children with cerebral palsy to achieve their maximum functionality and independence. The aim is to find out if HPOT and SHPOT produce the same effects on balance, gross motor function, and postural control in children under 18 years old with cerebral palsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The keywords used were: hippotherapy, equine-assisted therapy and cerebral palsy. The databases used were PeDro, Scopus, LILACS, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CINAHL Complete (Ebsco). Studies were included if they were randomized clinical trials that studied the effect of HPOT and/or SHPOT on the variables mentioned in these patients. RESULTS: Four studies assessed balance, 4 studied gross motor function, and 2 investigated postural control. Both HPOT and SHPOT produced benefits in all of them. CONCLUSIONS: According to the studied variables both interventions produce similar improvements. Although, they increase with HPOT possibly due to greater sensory stimulation.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Palsy , Equine-Assisted Therapy , Child , Animals , Horses , Humans , Adolescent , Cerebral Palsy/therapy , Postural Balance/physiology , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
O presente artigo teve como objetivo investigar as pesquisas empíricas em equoterapia publicadas entre 2004 e 2014. Buscamos verificar características das amostras, construtos psicológicos avaliados, instrumentos de avaliação utilizados e resultados psicológicos atribuídos ao tratamento de equoterapia. Foram analisados 20 estudos empíricos, e a grande maioria deles foi realizado com crianças e adolescentes, seis estudos foram realizados com pessoas com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo. As técnicas de mensuração utilizadas foram técnicas de entrevistas, observação do comportamento, questionários, escalas de qualidade de vida, de funcionalidade e para grupos específicos. Os resultados mais evidentes da equoterapia no âmbito psicológico envolveram a diminuição da ansiedade e os ganhos em relacionamento social. Os ganhos em aspectos cognitivos não ficaram claros. Comparando os estudos brasileiros e internacionais, a necessidade de sistematização da busca por medidas mais fidedignas ocorre em ambos, porém no Brasil parece não haver uma cultura de psicologia baseada em evidências na equoterapia.
This paper aims at investigating empirical researches on therapeutic riding published between 2004 and 2014. We seek to verify characteristics of the samples, psychological constructs assessed, assessment tools, and psychological effects attributed to the processing of therapeutic riding. We analyzed twenty empirical studies, the vast majority of them were held with children and adolescents, six studies were done with people with Autism Spectrum Disorder. The measurement techniques mostly used were: interviewing techniques; behavioral observation; questionnaires; quality of life scales; functionality scales and specific groups scales. The most obvious results of therapeutic riding in the psychological context involved decreased anxiety and gains in social relationship. Gains in cognitive aspects were not clear. Comparing Brazilian and international studies, we have a lack of control group and of reliable measurements in both cases, but Brazil, does not seem to have a psychology culture in use research based on evidence in therapeutic riding.
Este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar estudios sobre equitación terapéutica publicados entre 2004 y 2014. Buscamos características de las muestras, constructos psicológicos evaluados, instrumentos de evaluación utilizados y resultados psicológicos atribuibles al tratamiento de equitación terapéutica. Se analizaron 20 estudios empíricos, la mayoría fueron llevados a cabo con niños y adolescentes, seis estudios con personas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista. Las técnicas de medición utilizadas fueron las técnicas de entrevista, la observación del comportamiento, cuestionarios, escalas de calidad de vida, la función y para grupos específicos. Los resultados más evidentes de la equitación terapéutica en el contexto psicológico fueron disminución de la ansiedad y las ganancias en las redes sociales. Las ganancias en los aspectos cognitivos no eran claras. Comparándose los estudios brasileros e internacionales hay necesidad de sistematizar la búsqueda de medidas más fiables en ambos, pero en Brasil no parece haber la cultura de estudios basados en la evidencia.
Subject(s)
Equine-Assisted Therapy , PsychologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Equine therapy, an intervention method that has been practiced for decades around the world, is used to treat patients susceptible to psychomotor delays. OBJECTIVES: We examine development of gross motor function compared to other psychomotor skills in patients undergoing this therapy, and analyse how this improvement affects general health status and quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study includes 11 children with delayed psychomotor development (aged 8.82 ± 3.89; 6 boys, 5 girls). The main study variables were gross motor function (GMFM-88) and perceived quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, PedsQL). Three measurements were performed: before and after a period of inactivity, and once again 2 months after the second measurement, following completion of a sustained period of therapy. RESULTS: We observed significant differences in overall results on the GMFM-88 between the initial and final tests and between the intermediate and final tests. Regarding the PedsQL quality of life scale, no statistically significant results were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Noticeable changes in motor control were recorded throughout the course of the intervention, which suggests that equine therapy may be appropriate treatment in cases of delayed psychomotor development.
