Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 15 de 15
Filter
1.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 63(5): 445-455, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34625200

ABSTRACT

Cancer of the esophagus is an aggressive cancer with high mortality. Because of the esophagus's lack of serosa and its peculiar lymphatic drainage, esophageal cancer is diagnosed in advanced stages. The eighth edition of the TNM (2017) aims to standardize care for esophageal cancer throughout the world; it includes not only patients treated with esophagectomy alone, but also those receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. One new development in the eighth edition is that it establishes separate classifications for different time periods, with pathologic stage groups for prior to treatment (cTNM), after esophagectomy (pTNM), and after neoadjuvant therapy (ypTNM). The combined use of endoscopic ultrasound, CT, PET-CT, and MRI provides the greatest accuracy in determining the clinical stage, and these techniques are essential for planning treatment and for evaluating the response to neoadjuvant treatment. Esophagectomy continues to be the main treatment; it is also the elective gastrointestinal surgery that has the highest mortality, and it carries the risk of multiple complications, including anastomotic leaks, pulmonary complications, technical complications, and functional complications.


Subject(s)
Esophageal Neoplasms , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy , Esophagogastric Junction/pathology , Humans , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis
2.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 97(8): 432-437, 2019 Oct.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31029372

ABSTRACT

The new 8th edition of the TNM classification system for esophageal and cardia or esophagogastric junction cancer provides important innovations in the TNM stages. Two classifications are presented, updated by stages, clinical (cTNM) and pathological (pTNM) methods, together with another pathological classification applicable to cases receiving neoadjuvant treatment (ypTNM). There is a notable increase in complexity compared to previous versions, but it is still early to determine whether the current modifications will result in a clear improvement in the prognostic discrimination of survival among the patient groups (which is their main objective), although the initial expectations are favorable.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Esophagogastric Junction/pathology , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Adenocarcinoma/classification , Adenocarcinoma/mortality , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Calibration , Esophageal Neoplasms/classification , Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophagogastric Junction/surgery , Humans , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Staging/classification , Neoplasm Staging/standards , Prognosis , Reproducibility of Results , United States
3.
Cir Esp ; 95(2): 89-96, 2017 Feb.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28189254

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to measure the cost of treatment of colorectal cancer in the Basque public health system according to the clinical stage. METHODS: We retrospectively collected demographic data, clinical data and resource use of a sample of 529 patients. For stagesi toiii the initial and follow-up costs were measured. The calculation of cost for stageiv combined generalized linear models to relate the cost to the duration of follow-up based on parametric survival analysis. Unit costs were obtained from the analytical accounting system of the Basque Health Service. RESULTS: The sample included 110 patients with stagei, 171 with stageii, 158 with stageiii and 90 with stageiv colorectal cancer. The initial total cost per patient was 8,644€ for stagei, 12,675€ for stageii and 13,034€ for stageiii. The main component was hospitalization cost. Calculated by extrapolation for stageiv mean survival was 1.27years. Its average annual cost was 22,403€, and 24,509€ to death. The total annual cost for colorectal cancer extrapolated to the whole Spanish health system was 623.9million€. CONCLUSIONS: The economic burden of colorectal cancer is important and should be taken into account in decision-making. The combination of generalized linear models and survival analysis allows estimation of the cost of metastatic stage.


Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms/economics , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Cost of Illness , Health Care Costs , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies
4.
Neurologia ; 32(5): 290-299, 2017 Jun.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26877196

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The Frontotemporal Dementia Rating Scale (FTD-FRS) is a tool designed to aid with clinical staging and assessment of the progression of frontotemporal dementia (FTD-FRS). OBJECTIVE: Present a multicentre adaptation and validation study of a Spanish version of the FRS. METHODOLOGY: The adapted version was created using 2 translation-back translation processes (English to Spanish, Spanish to English) and verified by the scale's original authors. We validated the adapted version in a sample of consecutive patients diagnosed with FTD. The procedure included evaluating internal consistency, testing unidimensionality with the Rasch model, analysing construct validity and discriminant validity, and calculating the degree of agreement between the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR) and FTD-FRS for FTD cases. RESULTS: The study included 60 patients with DFT. The mean score on the FRS was 12.1 points (SD=6.5; range, 2-25) with inter-group differences (F=120.3; df=3; P<.001). Cronbach's alpha was 0.897 and principal component analysis of residuals delivered an acceptable eigenvalue for 5 contrasts (1.6-2.7) and 36.1% raw variance. FRS was correlated with the Mini-mental State Examination (r=0.572; P<.001) and functional capacity (DAD; r=0.790; P<.001). FTD-FRS also showed a significant correlation with CDR (r=-0.641; P<.001), but we did observe variability in the severity levels; cases appeared to be less severe according to the CDR than when measured with the FTD-FRS (kappa=0.055). CONCLUSIONS: This process of validating the Spanish translation of the FTD-FRS yielded satisfactory results for validity and unidimensionality (severity) in the assessment of patients with FTD.


Subject(s)
Frontotemporal Dementia/diagnosis , Mental Status and Dementia Tests/statistics & numerical data , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics & numerical data , Translations , Aged , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Language , Male , Reproducibility of Results
5.
VozAndes ; 28(1): 21-25, 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-986865

ABSTRACT

La supervivencia global por cáncer de cuello uterino varía de acuerdo al estadio clínico. Sujetos y métodos Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de supervivencia global (SG), supervivencia libre de enfermedad (SLR) y supervivencia libre de progresión (SLP) a 5 años (60 meses) de seguimiento, en 98 pacientes con carcinoma escamoso de cuello uterino, diferenciadas según su estadio clínico y atendidas en el Hospital de SOLCA, Loja-Ecuador. Resultados La Supervivencia Global (SG) a los 5 años del estadio clínico 0, I y II, fue del 100%; en el estadio clínico III fue del 76 %; y para el estadio clínico IV a los 50 meses fue del 25 %; (Log-Rank < 0.05). La SLR en estadio clínico 0 se fue del 97%; estadio clínico I 100 %; estadio clínico II 80%; estadio clínico III fue 76% y estadio clínico IV a los 50 meses 30%; (Log-Rank < 0.05). La SLP en estadio clínico 0 y II fue del 100%; estadio clínico I 92 %; estadio clínico III 67%; (Log-Rank 0.0257). Conclusión Los resultados obtenidos son similares a los de trabajos internacionales, que relacionan con el mayor estadio clínico una peor supervivencia de la paciente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Disease Progression , Prognosis , Survival Analysis
6.
Maputo; s.n; 2015. 54 p. Tab., Fig..
Thesis in Portuguese | RSDM | ID: biblio-1343986

ABSTRACT

o cancro da mama é um problema de saúde pública nos países de baixa renda onde as taxas de incidência vêm aumentando anualmente. Em Moçambique, apesar de ser o terceiro mais comum na mulher, as informações clínicas e epidemiológicas são escassas Objectivo: descrever as características clínicas e epidemiológicas dos doentes com cancro seguidos no Serviço de Oncologia do Hospital Central de Maputo (SO-HCM) no período de 2007 a 2011. Metodologia: estudo retrospectivo transversal, realizado no Hospital Central de Maputo. Dados sobre os pacientes com diagnóstico de cancro da mama no período de 2007 a 2011 foram extraídos de processos clínicos. As diferenças na distribuição das variáveis pelo estadio precoce (I e II) e avançado (II e IV) foram analisadas usando o teste de Qui-quadrado de Mantel-Haenszel e o teste exacto de Fisher. Análise multivariada de regressão logística foi utilizada para estimar a associação entre as variáveis. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 51 anos (±12.2) e 52.2% estava na premenopausa. De entre as 117 pacientes com a informação sobre o estadio clínico disponível, 65.8% apresentaram-se no estadio avançado. Pacientes em estadio precoce tiveram maior chance de ter o diâmetro do nódulo menor que 5cm (p <0.001) e menor chance de ter dor (p = 0.001), retracção no mamilo (p <0.038) e úlcera (p=0.047). Entre os 94 pacientes cujo tipo histológico esteve disponível, 56.2% correspondia a carcinoma ductal invasor. Com a regressão logística evidenciou se que o diâmetro do nódulo maior que 5cm (OR = 5.78, CI = 2.27-14.72, p < 0.001), dor (OR = 4.48, CI = 1.79 ­ 11.20, p = 0.001) , foram os factores independentes relacionados com o estádio avançado do cancro. Conclusões: os pacientes são maioritariamente do sexo feminino, com 51 anos e são diagnosticados em estadios avançados da doença.


Breast cancer is a public health problem in low-income countries where incidence rates have been increasing annually. In Mozambique, despite being the third most common in women, the information about this cancer is scarce. Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of cancer patients followed at the Department of Oncology at the Hospital Central de Maputo (HCM-SO) in the period from 2007 to 2011. Methods: Tranversal retrospective study in Maputo Central Hospital. Data on patients diagnosed with breast cancer in the period 2007 to 2011 were extracted from medical records. The differences in the distribution of variables at early stage (I and II) and advanced (II and IV) were analyzed using the chi-square Mantel-Haenszel and Fisher's exact test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the values associated with it. Results: Mean age was 51 years (± 12.2) and 52.2% were on premenopausal. Among the 117 patients with clinical stage information available, 65.8% were in the advanced stage. Early stage patients were more likely to have the nodule diameter less than 5 cm (p <0.001) and less likely to have pain (p = 0.001), retraction of the nipple (p <0.038) and ulcer (p = 0.047). Among the 94 patients whose histology was available, 56% corresponded to invasive ductal carcinoma. With logistic regression showed that the nodule diameter greater than 5 cm (OR = 5.78, CI = 2.27-14.72, p < 0.001) and pain (OR = 4.48, CI = 1.79 ­ 11.20, p = 0.001) were factors independently associated with advanced stages of cancer.


Subject(s)
Health , Public Health , Epidemiology , Women's Health , Women , Disease , Incidence , Medicine
7.
Rev. colomb. obstet. ginecol ; 65(2): 120-128, abr.-jun. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-722822

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: describir las características clínicas y el pronóstico de las pacientes con cáncer de cérvix tratadas en tres instituciones de salud en Barranquilla, Colombia.Materiales y métodos: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva descriptiva. Se revisaron las bases de datos de las tres instituciones participantes en donde se identificaron los casos que tuvieron diagnóstico CIE 10 de: tumor maligno de endocérvix, tumor maligno de exocérvix, tumor maligno del cuello del útero y tumor maligno del itsmo uterino. Se excluyeron pacientes remitidas por recidiva tumoral. En caso de deceso, este fue corroborado con el certificado de defunción. Se describe la mortalidad absoluta por estadio clínico. Para establecer el pronóstico se estimó la probabilidad de estar libre de enfermedad y de sobrevivir al primer, tercer y quinto año de seguimiento.Resultados: se identificaron 375 pacientes con diagnóstico de carcinoma de cérvix, de las cuales 27 se perdieron en el seguimiento para un total de 348 pacientes evaluadas. Se encontró una tasa de complicaciones cercana al 19% siendo más frecuentes en pacientes con radioterapia (94%) que en las que recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico (6%). La probabilidad de sobrevida a los 5 años es del 92% y la probabilidad de estar libre de enfermedad a los 5 años es del 89%.Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos en cuanto a complicaciones y sobrevida posterior al tratamiento fueron similares a lo reportado en la literatura. Se requieren más estudios con una mayor profundidad metodológica que caractericen el pronóstico de las pacientes con cáncer de cérvix en nuestra población.


Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer treated in three healthcare centres in Barranquilla, Colombia.Materials and methods: Descriptive retrospective cohort study. The databases of the three participating centres where reviewed to identify the cases with a diagnosis of CIE 10: malignant endocervical tumour, malignant exocervical tumour, malignant uterine cervical tumour, and malignant tumours of the uterine isthmus. Patients referred due to tumour relapse were excluded. Death certificates were used to confirm mortality cases. Absolute mortality is described by clinical stage. To establish prognosis, probability of disease-free survival at 1, 3 and 5 years of following was estimated.Results: Overall, 375 patients diagnosed with cervical carcinoma were identified. Of them, 27 were lost to follow-up, for a total of 348 patients assessed. A rate of complications of approximately 19% was found, complications being more frequent among patients receiving radiotherapy (94%) than among those receiving surgical treatment (6%). The 5-year survival probability is 92% and the probability of being disease-free after five years is 89%.Conclusions: Results in terms of complications and survival after treatment were similar to those reported in the literature. More studies and with a better methodological quality are required in order to characterize the prognosis for patients with cervical cancer in our population.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Cervix Uteri , Neoplasms , Prognosis
8.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 72(5): 367-370, oct. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-657531

ABSTRACT

A fin de evaluar la frecuencia y posibles factores asociados a la presencia de estadio clínico avanzado al inicio de terapia antirretroviral (ECAITA), efectuamos un análisis retrospectivo de datos de dos cohortes prospectivas de pacientes infectados por HIV que iniciaron terapia antirretroviral (sin tratamiento anterior) entre 2005 y 2009. Se analizaron las historias clínicas de 264 pacientes, 123 mujeres (46.6%) y 141 hombres (53.4%). La mediana de edad fue de 37.7 años. Observamos ECAITA en 132 casos (50%), de los cuales 102 (77.2%) se asociaron a diagnóstico tardío de infección por HIV y 30 (22.8%) a pacientes con diagnóstico previo no retenidos en el cuidado clínico de la salud. La mediana de células CD4 fue 120/ml y de carga viral 58 038 copias/ml. El recuento de células CD4 era inferior a 200 cel/ml en 174 pacientes (71.3%). Los hombres presentaron ECAITA con mayor frecuencia que las mujeres (59.8% vs. 40.2%), en quienes el diagnóstico se realizó durante el control de un embarazo en el 25.2% de los casos. Consumo elevado de alcohol (p 0.006), ser soltero (p 0.04) y nivel de educación menor al secundario completo (p 0.008) se asociaron a ECAITA en el análisis bivariado. Ser de sexo masculino (p 0.003) fue el único factor asociado tanto en el análisis bivariado como en el multivariado. Nuestros datos refuerzan la necesidad de expandir el testeo para HIV y deberían impulsar a definir acciones programáticas que promuevan el ingreso precoz al cuidado de la infección por HIV.


In order to evaluate the frequency of a late clinical stage in HIV infected patients at onset of antiretroviral therapy (LART) and to identify possible associated factors, we performed a retrospective analysis of data reported in two prospective cohorts of HIV infected patients who started antiretroviral therapy for the first time between 2005 and 2009. Medical records of 265 patients -123 women (46.6%) and 141 men, median age 37.7 years old- were analyzed. LART was observed in 132 cases (50%), out of them 102 (77.2%) were associated to late diagnosis of HIV infection and 30 (22.8%) to patients that had not been retained in HIV care. The median of CD4 was 120 cells/ml and that of viral load 58 038 copies/ml. CD4 cells count was below 200 cells/ml in 174 patients (71.3%). There was a higher incidence of LART in men than in women (59.8% and 42.2% respectively). Diagnosis in women took place during pregnancy control in 25:2% of the cases. High alcohol consumption (p 0.006), single hood (p 0.04) and level of education lower than secondary (p 0.008) were associated to LART at bivariate analysis. Male sex (p 0.003) was the only associated factor both in bivariate and multivariate analysis. Our data reinforce the need of expanding HIV testing and should assist programs to define actions promoting early entry in HIV care.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , HIV , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Delayed Diagnosis , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Odds Ratio , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Viral Load
9.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 72(5): 367-370, oct. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-129307

ABSTRACT

A fin de evaluar la frecuencia y posibles factores asociados a la presencia de estadio clínico avanzado al inicio de terapia antirretroviral (ECAITA), efectuamos un análisis retrospectivo de datos de dos cohortes prospectivas de pacientes infectados por HIV que iniciaron terapia antirretroviral (sin tratamiento anterior) entre 2005 y 2009. Se analizaron las historias clínicas de 264 pacientes, 123 mujeres (46.6%) y 141 hombres (53.4%). La mediana de edad fue de 37.7 años. Observamos ECAITA en 132 casos (50%), de los cuales 102 (77.2%) se asociaron a diagnóstico tardío de infección por HIV y 30 (22.8%) a pacientes con diagnóstico previo no retenidos en el cuidado clínico de la salud. La mediana de células CD4 fue 120/ml y de carga viral 58 038 copias/ml. El recuento de células CD4 era inferior a 200 cel/ml en 174 pacientes (71.3%). Los hombres presentaron ECAITA con mayor frecuencia que las mujeres (59.8% vs. 40.2%), en quienes el diagnóstico se realizó durante el control de un embarazo en el 25.2% de los casos. Consumo elevado de alcohol (p 0.006), ser soltero (p 0.04) y nivel de educación menor al secundario completo (p 0.008) se asociaron a ECAITA en el análisis bivariado. Ser de sexo masculino (p 0.003) fue el único factor asociado tanto en el análisis bivariado como en el multivariado. Nuestros datos refuerzan la necesidad de expandir el testeo para HIV y deberían impulsar a definir acciones programáticas que promuevan el ingreso precoz al cuidado de la infección por HIV.(AU)


In order to evaluate the frequency of a late clinical stage in HIV infected patients at onset of antiretroviral therapy (LART) and to identify possible associated factors, we performed a retrospective analysis of data reported in two prospective cohorts of HIV infected patients who started antiretroviral therapy for the first time between 2005 and 2009. Medical records of 265 patients -123 women (46.6%) and 141 men, median age 37.7 years old- were analyzed. LART was observed in 132 cases (50%), out of them 102 (77.2%) were associated to late diagnosis of HIV infection and 30 (22.8%) to patients that had not been retained in HIV care. The median of CD4 was 120 cells/ml and that of viral load 58 038 copies/ml. CD4 cells count was below 200 cells/ml in 174 patients (71.3%). There was a higher incidence of LART in men than in women (59.8% and 42.2% respectively). Diagnosis in women took place during pregnancy control in 25:2% of the cases. High alcohol consumption (p 0.006), single hood (p 0.04) and level of education lower than secondary (p 0.008) were associated to LART at bivariate analysis. Male sex (p 0.003) was the only associated factor both in bivariate and multivariate analysis. Our data reinforce the need of expanding HIV testing and should assist programs to define actions promoting early entry in HIV care.(AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV/immunology , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Delayed Diagnosis , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Odds Ratio , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Viral Load
10.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 49(3)jul.-sep. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-584310

ABSTRACT

El cambio de estadio clínico del carcinoma pulmonar no microcítico al comparar los períodos pre y posoperatorio puede repercutir negativamente a la hora de definir las estrategias terapéuticas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la magnitud de dichos cambios y su efecto sobre el paciente. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo con una base de datos prospectiva de 259 pacientes tratados entre enero de 2002 y diciembre de 2007. Se excluyeron enfermos con tratamiento neoadyuvante, intervenciones por recidiva o paliativas y neoplasias de células pequeñas. Las variables estudiadas fueron los factores tumor (T), nódulos (N) y metástasis (M), posición y localización del tumor y pulmón afectado. El coeficiente de concordancia permitió evaluar la magnitud del cambio y la prueba de ji al cuadrado, la asociación entre dos variables. Valores de p < 0,05 se consideraron significativos. . El factor T cambió en 91 pacientes (35,1 por ciento), con más frecuencia en lesiones de lóbulos superiores (p = 0,04). La posición no se asoció al cambio (p = 0,110). El factor N se modificó en 50 casos (19,3 por ciento). Se asociaron al cambio: localización lobular (p = 0,001), pulmón afectado (p = 0,002) y factor T (p = 0,013). El cambio del factor M ocurrió en 11 pacientes (4,2 por ciento) y no se asoció a la posición (p = 0,120), localización (p = 0,225) o factor T (p = 0,339). El coeficiente de concordancia fue bajo (k = 0,381; p < 0,001), debido a que el cambio ocurrió en el 49,03 por ciento de los pacientes. CONCLUSIONES. El cambio de estadio clínico fue de magnitud apreciable y, por tanto, tiene el potencial de inducir a la práctica de tratamientos inadecuados, tanto médicos como quirúrgicos(AU)


INTRODUCTION. Change of clinical stage of non-microcyst pulmonary cancer in comparing the pre-postoperative and postoperative periods may to have negative repercussions on the definition of therapeutical strategies. The aim of present paper was to assess the magnitude of such changes and its effect on the patient. METHODS. A retrospective study was conducted with a prospective database of 259 patients treated from January, 2002 to December, 2007. Patients with neoadjuvant therapy, palliative interventions or relapse and small cells neoplasms were excluded. The study variables were: tumor factors (T), nodules (N) and metastasis (M), tumor position and location and involved lung. Agreement coefficient allowed assessing the change magnitude and the Chi² test, the association between the two variables. RESULTS. T factor changed in 91 patients (35,1 percent) more frequent in superior lobules lesions (p = 0,04). Position wasn't associated with the change (p = 0,110). N factor was modified in 50 cases (19,3 percent). Associated with change were: lobular location (p = 0,001), involved lung (p = 0,002) and T factor (p = 0,013). The change in T factor happened in 11 patients (4,2 percent) and wasn't associated with the position (p = 0,120), location (p = 0,225) or T factor (p = 0,339). Agreement coefficient was low (k = 0,381; p < 0,001), because of the change occurred in the 49,03 percent of patients. CONCLUSIONS. The change in clinical stage was of a significant magnitude and thus, has the potential to induce to inappropriate medical and surgical treatments practice(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/etiology , Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies
11.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 49(3)jul.-sept. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-46006

ABSTRACT

El cambio de estadio clínico del carcinoma pulmonar no microcítico al comparar los períodos pre y posoperatorio puede repercutir negativamente a la hora de definir las estrategias terapéuticas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la magnitud de dichos cambios y su efecto sobre el paciente. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo con una base de datos prospectiva de 259 pacientes tratados entre enero de 2002 y diciembre de 2007. Se excluyeron enfermos con tratamiento neoadyuvante, intervenciones por recidiva o paliativas y neoplasias de células pequeñas. Las variables estudiadas fueron los factores tumor (T), nódulos (N) y metástasis (M), posición y localización del tumor y pulmón afectado. El coeficiente de concordancia permitió evaluar la magnitud del cambio y la prueba de ji al cuadrado, la asociación entre dos variables. Valores de p < 0,05 se consideraron significativos. . El factor T cambió en 91 pacientes (35,1 por ciento), con más frecuencia en lesiones de lóbulos superiores (p = 0,04). La posición no se asoció al cambio (p = 0,110). El factor N se modificó en 50 casos (19,3 por ciento). Se asociaron al cambio: localización lobular (p = 0,001), pulmón afectado (p = 0,002) y factor T (p = 0,013). El cambio del factor M ocurrió en 11 pacientes (4,2 por ciento) y no se asoció a la posición (p = 0,120), localización (p = 0,225) o factor T (p = 0,339). El coeficiente de concordancia fue bajo (κ = 0,381; p < 0,001), debido a que el cambio ocurrió en el 49,03 por ciento de los pacientes. CONCLUSIONES. El cambio de estadio clínico fue de magnitud apreciable y, por tanto, tiene el potencial de inducir a la práctica de tratamientos inadecuados, tanto médicos como quirúrgicos(AU)


INTRODUCTION. Change of clinical stage of non-microcyst pulmonary cancer in comparing the pre-postoperative and postoperative periods may to have negative repercussions on the definition of therapeutical strategies. The aim of present paper was to assess the magnitude of such changes and its effect on the patient. METHODS. A retrospective study was conducted with a prospective database of 259 patients treated from January, 2002 to December, 2007. Patients with neoadjuvant therapy, palliative interventions or relapse and small cells neoplasms were excluded. The study variables were: tumor factors (T), nodules (N) and metastasis (M), tumor position and location and involved lung. Agreement coefficient allowed assessing the change magnitude and the Chi² test, the association between the two variables. RESULTS. T factor changed in 91 patients (35,1 percent) more frequent in superior lobules lesions (p = 0,04). Position wasn't associated with the change (p = 0,110). N factor was modified in 50 cases (19,3 percent). Associated with change were: lobular location (p = 0,001), involved lung (p = 0,002) and T factor (p = 0,013). The change in T factor happened in 11 patients (4,2 percent) and wasn't associated with the position (p = 0,120), location (p = 0,225) or T factor (p = 0,339). Agreement coefficient was low (κ = 0,381; p < 0,001), because of the change occurred in the 49,03 percent of patients. CONCLUSIONS. The change in clinical stage was of a significant magnitude and thus, has the potential to induce to inappropriate medical and surgical treatments practice(AU)


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Lung Neoplasms , Neoplasm Staging
12.
Rev. chil. urol ; 75(1): 45-50, 20100000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-574237

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las variables relevantes preoperatorias con que cuenta el urólogo para una toma de decisión frente a un cáncer prostático localizado son: la edad, el tacto rectal, el antígeno prostático específico (APE) e informe histológico de la biopsia por punción con el Gleason. Además se pueden incluir otras variables como el volumen prostático, número de muestras de biopsias positivas, porcentaje de la muestra comprometida, etc. Nosotros quisimos evaluar el grado de concordancia entre el diagnóstico clínico-patológico preoperatorio con el hallazgo histológico, posoperatorio en pacientes prostatectomizados, debido a la implicancia pronóstica y en la toma de decisión que pudiese tener. Material y Método: Se estudiaron retrospectivamente 119 prostatectomías radicales entre marzo de 2004 y junio de 2009. Se consideraron: edad, tacto, antígeno prostático específico (APE) y score de Gleason. Se excluyeron pacientes con tratamiento antiandrogénico u hormonal neoadjuvante. Resultados: En el preoperatorio la mediana de edad fue de 66 años (61-68), de APE 7,35 ng/ml (5,38-11,8) y de Gleason fue de 6 (5-7). El 87,4 por ciento de los pacientes tenía un APE >4,0 ng/ml. El 54 por ciento (n= 64) tenía un estadio clínico T1c y el 46 por ciento (n= 55) un estadio T2. En el posoperatorio 23,5 por ciento (n= 28) tuvo un estadio pT2 y el 74 por ciento (n= 88) un estadio pT3. En pacientes con estadio pT2 el APE preoperatorio fue de 5,9 ng/ml (4,4-9,4), en el estadio pT3 fue de 7,9 ng/ml (5,7-12,8). El score de Gleason en pT2 fue de 5 (5-6), en el pT3 fue de 6 (5-7). No encontramos diferencia de edad en los estadios pT2 (67 años) y pT3 (68 años). Conclusiones: En el estudio histopatológico posoperatorio de pacientes con estadio clínico T1c y T2, se confirmó un estadio pT2 sólo en 23,5 por ciento, el 74 por ciento tenían un estadio pT3 (a, b). En el cáncer prostático localizado, el tacto rectal no fue útil en su correlación con el estadio histológico...


Introduction: Relevant preoperative variables in patients with localized prostate cancer are: age, digital rectal examination (DRE), prostatic specific antigen (PSA) level and Gleason score in the transrectal biopsy. Other variables include prostate volume, number of positive biopsy samples, percentage of involvement in the biopsy, etc. We evaluated the agreement between the preoperative clinico pathologic diagnosis and the postoperative histology report in patients submitted to prostatectomy. Material and method: This is a retrospective review of 119 radical prostatectomies performed between March 2004 and June 2009. We recorded age, DRE, PSA level, and Gleason score. Patients receiving anti-androgenic treatment or neoadjuvant hormonal treatment were excluded. Results: Preoperative findings: median age was 66 years (61-68), median PSA level was 7.35 ng/ml(5.38-11.8) and median Gleason score was 6 (5-7). PSA level >4 ng/ml was found in 87.4 percent of the patients. Clinical stage T1c was found in 54 percent (n=64) of the cases whereas 46 percent (n=55) were stage T2. Postoperative findings: stage pT2 was found in 23.5 percent (n=28) of the patients whereas 74 percent (n =88)were pT3 stage. In pT2 patients, preoperative PSA was 5,9 ng/ml (4.4-9.4). In pT3 patients, PSA was7.9 ng/ml (5.7-12.8). Gleason score in pT2 was 5 (5-6); in pT3 patients, Gleason score was 6 (5-7). No age difference was found between pT2 stage (67 years) and pT3 stage (68 years).Conclusions: Postoperative histology in patients with T1c and T2 stages confirmed a pT2 stage only in 23.5 percent of the cases; 74 percent of the cases were pT3 (a,b) stage. In localized prostate cancer, DRE was not useful for the correlation with pathologic staging, especially for stage pT3 cases. Preoperative Gleason score was relatively useful; we found understaging 36.2 percent of the cases and overstaging 21.8 percent of the patients. These variables should be considered in the initial evaluation of...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Biopsy, Needle , Clinical Diagnosis , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Prostatectomy
13.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-45577

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Usher constituye la primera causa de retinosis pigmentaria sistémica, en nuestra provincia representa el 70 por ciento de esta forma clínica y el 10 por ciento de la retinosis pigmentaria en general, motivo por el cual se realizó un estudio descriptivo a los 51 pacientes diagnosticados con este síndrome, atendidos en consulta especializada de Retinosis Pigmentaria en el Centro Provincial en el periodo comprendido de diciembre 1998 a junio 2008, a cada paciente se le realizó examen oftalmológico completo, examen otorrinolaringológico, audiometría y estudios clínicos y genéticos. El grupo de edades más afectado fue el comprendido entre 21 y 30 años, el 37,3 por ciento de nuestros enfermos se encontraban en estadio IV de la enfermedad. La enfermedad se manifestó de forma agresiva ya que la mayoría de los pacientes son jóvenes y se encuentran en estadio final...(AU)


The Usher`s Syndrome is the first cause of systemic retinitispigmentosa. A descriptive study was carried in 51 patients diagnosed with this syndrome, who were assisted at Ophthalmological Center from December 1998 to June 2008, A completeophthalmologic examination was done as well as audiometry, genetic and clinical studies. The age group between 21 and 30 years was the most affected one. 37.3 percent of the patients were at stage IV of the disease...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Usher Syndromes/etiology , Usher Syndromes/diagnosis , Retinitis Pigmentosa
14.
Correo Cient Med Holguìn ; 13(3)2009. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-41053

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio para valorar el comportamiento del hábito de fumar en un grupo de 435 pacientes atendidos en la consulta de Oncología en el período de enero de 2005 a diciembre de 2007, con diagnóstico de cáncer de pulmón, de ellos, 388 presentaron este hábito. Predominó el sexo masculino con un 73,96 por ciento y los mayores de 40 años para ambos sexos fueron los más afectados. Resultó alarmante tanto, la cifra de pacientes que comenzaron a fumar antes de los 20 años de edad (288 pacientes para un 74,2 por ciento), como la alta frecuencia de pacientes en estadio IV de la enfermedad...(AU)


A study aimed at assessing cigarette smoking behavior in 435 patients with lung cancer that were assisted at Oncology consultation from January 2005 to December 2007 was carried out. 388 patients had the habit. The male sex prevailed (73.96 percent) and patients older than 40 years ( both sexes) were the most affected ones. 74,2 percent of the patients began to smoke before 20 years of age and most of them were at stage 4 of the disease...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Tobacco Use Disorder , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis
15.
Salud pública Méx ; 50(2): 119-125, mar.-abr. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-479083

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Evaluar los factores pronósticos del cáncer de mama en mujeres mexicanas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se incluyó a 432 mujeres con cáncer de mama admitidas de 1990 a 1999 en el Hospital General de México para evaluar la supervivencia mediante las técnicas de Kaplan-Meier y los métodos de riesgos proporcionales de Cox. RESULTADOS: La supervivencia global a cinco años fue de 58.9 por ciento. La menor supervivencia corresponde a los estadios clínicos IIIB (47.5 por ciento), IIIA (44.2 por ciento) y IV(15 por ciento), la metástasis hematógena fue de 21.4 por ciento y el tumor positivo en bordes quirúrgicos de 12.5 por ciento. La invasión linfovascular (RR= 1.9; IC95 por ciento 1.3-2.8), el estadio clínico IV (RR= 14.8; IC95 por ciento 5.5-39.7) y el tumor en bordes quirúrgicos (RR= 2.4; IC95 por ciento 1.2-4.8) fueron los principales factores pronósticos. CONCLUSIONES: Estos resultados dan consistencia a los criterios de diagnóstico y tratamiento de las mujeres con cáncer de mama atendidas en México y toman en consideración las condiciones de la tumoración, como extensión de la malformación, etapa clínica y estado de los ganglios linfáticos antes de decidir la conducta terapéutica inicial.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate prognostic factors for breast cancer in Mexican women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four hundred and thirty two women with breast cancer, admitted from 1990 to 1999 to the General Hospital of Mexico, were included to evaluate their survival using the Kaplan-Meier technique and Cox proportional hazard method. RESULTS: Overall 5-year survival was 58.9 percent. The shortest survival rate corresponds to the clinical stage (IIIB, 47.5 percent; IIIA, 44.2 percent; and IV, 15 percent), the haematological metastasis (21.4 percent) and surgical edges with positive tumor (12.5 percent). Lymph node-positive (RR, 1.9; IC95 percent, 1.3-2.8), clinical stage IV (RR, 14.8; IC95 percent, 5.5-39.7) and surgical edges with positive tumor (RR, 2.4; IC95 percent, 1.2-4.8) were the central prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: These results give consistency to diagnostic and therapeutic criteria for women with breast cancer who receive medical attention in Mexico, taking into consideration the characteristics of the tumor -such as extension, clinical stage and status of the lymph nodes- before making a decision as to the initial therapy.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Mexico , Prognosis , Survival Rate
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...