Effect of Child Health Drinks on Color Stability of Various Aesthetic Restorative Materials - An In Vitro Study.

Introduction: In pediatric dentistry, the esthetically pleasing materials have tremendously changed the concept of restorative practice. Aim and Objectives: 1. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of child health drinks on color stability of various esthetic restorative materials via spectrophotometric analysis and to identify the esthetic restorative material that is color-stable against child health drinks. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 disk-shaped specimens with a diameter of 12 mm and a thickness of 2 mm were made from a composite (Dyract), giomer (Shofu), and composite (GC). Each group of 40 specimens of each material was divided into four sub-groups. Each sub-group was stored in different solutions, distilled water, Bournvita, Horlicks, and Pediasure, for 60 days. The color change measurement was done using a spectrophotometer both before and after staining. Result: One-way analysis of variance depicted that when the ΔE values of the restorative material were tested against each of the child health drink, there was a statistically significant difference between all child health drinks (P < 0.00001). When restorative materials were compared with the staining agent on 60 days duration, except Pediasure and Control, others (i.e. Horlicks and Bournvita) showed a statistically high significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Bournvita caused the highest color changes in 60 days time interval, followed by Horlicks and Pediasure. When the discoloration of several materials is studied, the highest level of discoloration was observed in the compomer, followed by the giomer, and the lowest level in the composite.

Comparative Assessment of Marginal Micro Leakage of Different Esthetic Restorative Materials Used on Primary Teeth: An In-vitro Study.

AIM: The aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the marginal microleakage of various esthetic restorative materials applied to primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 75 noncarious primary molars that were removed for orthodontic intervention and teeth nearing exfoliation were chosen. One millimeter (mm) above the cementoenamel junction, on the buccal surface of the teeth, Class V cavities were prepared. William's graded periodontal probe was used to standardize cavity preparation on all teeth. 3 mm was the cavity's length, 2 mm in width, and 2 mm in depth. The teeth were then divided into three groups (25 samples in each group) according to the type of esthetic restorative material used. Group I: Resin-modified glass ionomer cement, Group II: Ormocer, Group III: Giomer. The samples underwent 500 cycles of thermocycling, with an immersion time of 60 seconds and a well time of 15 seconds, between 5 and 55°C. The samples were submerged in methylene blue dye for 24 hours at room temperature and dried. The samples were then divided into sections and examined with a stereomicroscope. Data was recorded and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The least marginal microleakage was found in the ormocer group (1.22 ± 0.01) followed by resin-modified glass ionomer cement group (1.31 ± 0.07) and the giomer group (1.78 ± 0.03). There was a highly statistically significant difference found between resin-modified glass ionomer cement group and the ormocer group, resin-modified glass ionomer cement group and giomer group. And no significant difference was found between the ormocer group and the giomer group. CONCLUSION: The present study concluded that there was some amount of microleakage in primary teeth in all restorative materials examined in this in-vitro investigation. However, the marginal sealing ability of ormocer was found highest compared to resin-modified glass ionomer cement and Giomer materials. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The primary reason dental restorations fail, particularly in Class V cavities, is microleakage since the margins of these restorations are typically found in the dentin or cementum. Assessing microleakage is a crucial step in determining the marginal integrity of restorative materials. Developing methods and resources that reduce the adverse effects caused by the restorative marginal seal failing would benefit from this. How to cite this article: Al Ghwainem A, Alqarni AS. Comparative Assessment of Marginal Micro Leakage of Different Esthetic Restorative Materials Used on Primary Teeth: An In-vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(1):58-61.

Assessment of Erosive Effect of Various Beverages on Esthetic Restorative Materials Used in Primary Teeth: An In Vitro Study.

AIM: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the erosive impact of various beverages on the esthetic restorative materials utilized in primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty primary molars indicated for serial extraction or over-retention reason with sound buccal surfaces were collected. One millimeter above the cemento-enamel junction, standard Class V cavities were prepared. Following cavity preparation, all teeth were randomly assigned (20 samples per group for each beverage) to one of the three experimental groups based on the type of filling materials: group I: resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GC), group II: nanocomposite resin and group III nanohybrid ormocer-based composite. The samples were kept suspended in various containers containing 250 mL of each orange juice and cola at a temperature of 37°C for three hours per day and rest of day in distilled water. This procedure was repeated for 15 days. Using a 3D optical profilometer, a profilometric reading was recorded for each specimen. RESULTS: The minimum surface roughness was found in nanohybrid ormocer­based composite (1.816 ± 0.16 and 1.302 ± 0.08) followed by resin-modified glass ionomer cement (3.101 ± 0.12 and 2.946 ± 0.09) and nanocomposite resin (5.242 ± 0.20 and 4.488 ± 0.16) after immersed in the cola and orange juice, respectively. And there was a statistically significant difference found between the different esthetic restorative materials in both media. CONCLUSION: On conclusion, the current investigation demonstrates that when exposed to both beverages, the erosive effect was much lesser in nanohybrid ormocer-based composite, followed by resin-modified glass ionomer cement and nanocomposite resin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Consuming high-calorie, low pH acidic foods and beverages such as carbonated beverages and fruit juices can lead to erosion, a frequent condition that results in irreparable damage to dental hard tissues and early deterioration of dental restorations.

Evaluation of the Impact of Acidic Drink on the Microhardness of Different Esthetic Restorative Materials: An In Vitro Study.

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of acidic drink on the microhardness of different esthetic restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty samples (20 samples of each group) were prepared. group I: nanohybrid ormocer-based composite, group II: glasiosite compomer, and group III: nanoceramic composite. A cylindrical aluminum mold of 5 mm depth and 10 mm internal diameter was used to prepare the samples. All the esthetic restorative samples were submerged in 25 mL of acidic drink (Coca-Cola) for 10 minutes each day up to 15 days. The microhardness of each sample was measured using a Vickers diamond intender. These values were matched with baseline, 7th day, and 15th day for final microhardness values. RESULTS: The mean surface microhardness of 61.13 ± 0.82 was shown by group I, which was slightly more than that in group II (59.65 ± 1.16) and group III (59.22 ± 1.30). Analysis of covariance did not show any statistically significant difference between the groups. The samples in group III showed the highest reduction in surface microhardness value after immersion into acidic drink, followed by group II and group I on 7th day and 15th day. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was found on 7th day. CONCLUSION: The present study concludes that the esthetic restorative material-nanohybrid ormocer-based composite-showed the finest behavior both before and after being dipped in the acidic drink followed next by glasiosite compomer and nanoceramic composite. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The various esthetic restorative materials with different physical characteristics and colors are marketed in numerous ways. Nevertheless, all dental restorative materials show surface degradation under acidic conditions over a period of time. So, it helps to know the surface microhardness changes of various esthetic restorative materials upon repeated exposure to acidic beverages.

The effects of intrinsic and extrinsic acids on nanofilled and bulk fill resin composites: Roughness, surface hardness, and scanning electron microscopy analysis.

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of extrinsic or intrinsic acids on nanofilled and bulk fill resin materials in vitro. A total of 90 disks were prepared using dental restorative material (Filtek Z350XT, GrandioSO, Filtek Bulk Fill, X-tra fil). Thirty disks of each material were sub-divided into three groups (n = 10) that were immersed for 7 days in deionized water (DW), 5% citric acid (CA-pH 2.1), or 0.1% hydrochloric acid (HCl-pH = 1.2). Surface hardness and roughness (stylus profilometer by Ra parameter) analysis were performed before and after immersion. Morphological changes were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). All tested materials did not show significant differences in the effects of the DW, CA, or HCl solutions on surface roughness (p = .368). Likewise, the hardness loss was not affected by the solutions tested (p = .646), but there was a difference in the resin type (p = .002). Filtek Bulk Fill resin hardness was less affected, while Filtek Z350XT and GrandioSO presented the most hardness loss after 7 days of solution immersion. In terms of this experimental study, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the mechanical properties (roughness and hardness surface) of nanofilled and bulk fill resin materials to resist erosion from extrinsic and intrinsic acids, therefore being potential candidates for dental applications.

Esthetic restorative materials and glass ionomer cements: Influence of acidic drink exposure on bacterial adhesion.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to evaluate and compare bacterial adhesion on five esthetic restorative materials, three glass ionomer cements (GIC), and two GIC with coat. All the materials were considered after acidic drink exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty cylindrical sample of each of the 10 materials were prepared and then divided into three groups: group 1 (baseline), Group 2 (1 day in acidic soft drink), and Group 3 (7 days in acidic soft drink). Bacterial suspension of Streptococcus mutans was cultured and deposited onto each material, and the adhesion was evaluated through the colony-forming units determination. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc tests were applied to estimate significant differences between the esthetic materials. RESULTS: The highest amount of S. mutans was recorded in Group 3 and the lowest in Group 1 (baseline). In general, the GIC showed bacterial adhesion values higher than the ones related to composites both in Group 2 than in Group 3. Acidic soft drinks lead a time-dependent degradation of restorative materials causing an increase of the surface rugosity. In fact, a general increase in S. mutans cells adhesion to treated samples was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The use of acidic soft drink resulted in a degradation of the surface layer of the restorative material with consequent increase of bacterial adhesion. The GIC can be considered a more friendly environment for bacterial adhesion. This is true in particular if acid substances have already deteriorated the surface.

Effect of different surface finishing/polishing procedures on color stability of esthetic restorative materials: A spectrophotometric evaluation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the color stability of different esthetic restorative materials after surface finishing/polishing with different procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All materials were polymerized into silicone rubber rings to obtain specimens identical in size. Samples were randomly assigned into four groups (10 specimens of each composite for each group), and they were finished with different procedures: Control group (Group 1), three or two polishers interspersed with diamond grit (Groups 3 and 2, respectively), and one tungsten carbide bur + one polisher interspersed with diamond grit (Group 4). After staining process in coffee, a colorimetric evaluation according to the CIE L*a*b* system was performed by a blind trained operator at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Shapiro-Wilk test and Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance were applied to assess significant differences among restorative materials. Means of the different polishing/finishing groups were compared with Scheffe's multiple comparison test at the 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS: In control group, significant lower discolorations were recorded for Essentia, Admira Fusion, and Estelite. After finishing, Filtek Supreme XTE and Ceram.X Universal showed a significantly lower degree of staining. The finishing technique used for Group 4 produced higher color changes. CONCLUSIONS: Tungsten carbide burs produced the higher color variations; after finishing, the nanofilled composites showed lower discoloration than nanohybrid ones, and the time of exposure to the staining agent and the polishing/finishing technique influenced the color change.

Color Stability of New Esthetic Restorative Materials: A Spectrophotometric Analysis.

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the color stability of different esthetic restorative materials (one microfilled composite, one nanofilled composite, one nanoceramic composite, one microfilled hybrid composite, one microfilled hybrid composite, one nanohybrid Ormocer based composite and one supra-nano spherical hybrid composite) after exposure to different staining solutions (physiological saline, red wine, coffee). All materials were prepared and polymerized into silicon rings (2 mm × 6 mm × 8 mm) to obtain specimens identical in size. Thirty cylindrical specimens of each material were prepared. Specimens were immersed in staining solutions (physiological saline, coffee and red wine) over a 28-day test period. A colorimetric evaluation according to the CIE L*a*b* system was performed by a blind trained operator at 7, 14, 21, 28 days of the staining process. The Shapiro-Wilk test and ANOVA were applied to assess significant differences among restorative materials. A paired t-test was applied to test which CIE L*a*b* parameters significantly changed after immersion in staining solutions. All restorative materials showed significant color differences after immersion in coffee. Coffee caused a significant color change in all types of tested composite resins. Only Filtek Supreme XTE demonstrated a staining susceptibility to red wine; no other significant differences among the materials were demonstrated. Long-term exposure to some food dyes (coffee in particular) can significantly affect the color stability of modern esthetic restorative materials regardless of materials' different compositions.

Effect of different tetra pack juices on microhardness of direct tooth colored-restorative materials.

PURPOSE: To examine the effect of apple and orange juices on the surface hardness of direct tooth-colored restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The materials included resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Vitremer 3M™ ESPE™ Core buildup restorative) and composite resin (Filtek™ 3M™ ESPE™ Z350). A total of 45 disks of each restorative material were prepared. The disks were divided into groups of 15, which were immersed for 7 days in deionized water (G1/G4, control group), apple juice (G2/G5), or orange juice (G3/G6). The pH of the apple juice was approximately 4.8 and the pH of the orange juice was approximately 4.9. Surface hardness tests were performed before immersion and at various times following immersion. Statistical analysis included two-way ANOVA with repeated measurement and Tukey's test. RESULTS: Exposure to juices significantly reduced the hardness of both materials (p < 0.05), while deionized water did not affect the surface hardness of either material. The ionomer cement experienced a greater reduction than the composite resin (p = 0.000). There was no significant difference in the effect of apple and orange juices. CONCLUSION: Juice box-type fruit juices reduced the hardness of direct tooth-colored restorative materials. Material selection should be considered when planning restorations in patients who have experienced tooth surface loss. In terms of the materials evaluated in this study, the composite material provides greater durability under acidic conditions.

Coronas de acero-cromo ceramizadas (Art-glass®) como una alternativa para la restauración de dientes temporales anteriores: caso clínico / Chromium steel ceramic crowns (Art-glass ®) as an alternative for the restoration of deciduous anterior teeth: case report

El propósito de este artículo es mostrar una alternativa más dentro de las que en la actualidad existen para restaurar la zona anterior, mediante el uso de coronas de acero cromo con un frente estético ceramizado mediante Art-glass®. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de sexo masculino de 1 año y 10 meses de edad, el cual presenta caries por alimentación infantil, con destrucción coronal de los cuatro incisivos temporales superiores. El plan de tratamiento consistió en el tratamiento pulpar mediante la realización de una pulpectomía para obturar el conducto con Vitapex®, dos pulpotomías y la restauración de los cuatro dientes anteriores mediante la colocación de coronas de acero cromo con Art-glass®. Estas coronas son una excelente opción para una restauración estética, debido a que se cuenta con una gran gama de colores, es de fácil fabricación y al ser una técnica indirecta, nos permite dejar un espacio libre de cerómero para lograr un buen ajuste coronal.

The aim of this article is to present an additional alternative to restore the anterior zone, using crowns of steel chromium with a ceromer aesthetic front by means of Art-glass®. It is presented a clinical report of a masculine patient of 1 year 10 months of age, with early childhood dental caries, with coronal destruction of the four deciduous superior incisors. The treatment planning consisted of pulpar treatment with pulpectomy and endodontic obturation with Vitapex®, two pulpotomies and the restoration of these with steel chromium crowns with Art-glass®. These crowns are an excellent option for an aesthetic restoration, because of its great variety of colors, its easy manufacture, and being an indirect technique allows leaving a free space of ceromer to obtain a good coronal adjustment.