ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The Neck Circumference (NC) is an anthropometric measure to evaluate obesity. The FINDRISC predicts the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our aims were to identify the mean value of NC in individuals with higher (≥15 points) and lower FINDRISC and to establish cutoff values that indicate individuals with higher FINDRISC. METHODS: It is a population-based, cross-sectional study representative of the city of Curitiba, Brazil. We studied individuals (>18 years), without diabetes mellitus, between August 2013 and August 2014. We evaluated anthropometric parameters, glycaemia, socioeconomic situation, chronic conditions, and their risk factors. In a sex-specific analysis, data are presented as mean and standard deviation. We performed Pearson's and Spearman's correlation between NC and the waist circumference, body mass index and FINDRISC. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were estimated for NC and higher FINDRISC. Logistic regression models were built to analyze the association between higher FINDRISC and 1-SD increase in NC. RESULTS: We studied 950 individuals (621 women) with a mean age of 47.4 ± 17.6 years and body mass index of 26.2 ± 5.6 kg/m2. The mean NCs were 34.1 ± 3.1 cm in women and 38.2 ± 3.5 cm in men. Mean NC was lower in women (33.7 ± 2.9 cm vs. 35.8 ± 3.2 cm) and men (37.7 ± 3.4 cm vs. 41 ± 3.6 cm) with lower FINDRISC (p <0.001). All the correlations with NC were significant (p ≤ 0.001). The area under the curve for NC and the higher FINDRISC was 0.702 (95% CI 0.653 - 0.752) for women and 0.762 for men (95% CI 0.679 - 0.845), determining the best cutoff value of 34.5 cm for women and 39.5 cm for men to discriminate individuals with higher FINDRISC. Fully adjusted odds ratios for higher FINDRISC per 1-SD increase in NC in women and men were, respectively 1.89 (95% CI 1.53 - 2.33) and 2.86 (95% CI 1.91 - 4.29). CONCLUSION: NC is positively correlated to the body mass index, waist circumference, glycaemia, and FINDRISC scores in a population-based sample of adults. We identified the mean values of NC in higher and lower FINDRISC and established cutoff values for NC and higher FINDRISC.
Subject(s)
Anthropometry , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Neck/pathology , Adult , Area Under Curve , Biomarkers/blood , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Predictive Value of Tests , ROC Curve , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Waist CircumferenceABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Primary Prevention of Diabetes Program in Buenos Aires Province evaluates the effectiveness of adopting healthy lifestyle to prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D) in people at high risk of developing it. We aimed to present preliminary data analysis of FINDRISC and laboratory measurements taken during recruitment of people for the Primary Prevention of Diabetes Program in Buenos Aires Province in the cities of La Plata, Berisso, and Ensenada, Argentina. METHODS: People were recruited through population approach (house-to-house survey by FINDRISC in randomized areas) and opportunistic approach (FINDRISC completed by participants during consultations for nonrelated prediabetes/diabetes symptoms in public and private primary care centres of cities involved). In people with FINDRISC score ≥ 13 points, we evaluated blood concentrations of HbA1c , creatinine, lipids, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESULTS: Approximately 3415 individuals completed the FINDRISC populational survey and 344 the opportunistic survey; 43% of the 2 groups scored over 13 points; 2.8 and 75.4% of them, respectively, took the prescribed OGTT. Approximately 53.7% of the OGTT showed normal values and 5.2% unknown T2D. The remaining cases showed 69.5% impaired fasting glucose, 13.6% impaired glucose tolerance, and 16.9% both impairments. HbA1c values showed significant differences compared with normal glucose tolerance (4.96 ± 0.43%), prediabetes (5.28 ± 0.51%), and T2D (5.60 ± 0.51%). Participants with prediabetes and T2D showed a predominant increase in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol values. In prediabetes, >50% showed insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS: People with prediabetes/T2D had dyslipidemia associated with insulin resistance, which promotes the development of T2D and cardiovascular disease. Thus, it merits its appropriate treatment.