ABSTRACT
The occipital artery arises as one of the main branches of the external carotid artery. The goal of the present meta-analysis was to provide a detailed analysis of the complete anatomy of the occipital artery using the available data in the literature. The main online medical databases such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were used to gather all studies on anatomical variations, course, branches, and the close anatomical area of the occipital artery. A total of 65 studies were indicated, evaluated, and included in this meta-analysis. The occipital artery was found to run in the groove with a prevalence of 83.93% (95% confidence intervals: 50.53-100.00%). The occipital artery forming a common trunk with another artery had a prevalence of 13.91% (95% confidence intervals: 9.15-19.47%). The mean maximal diameter of the occipital artery was set to 2.26 mm (standard error = 0.15). The mean maximal diameter of the occipital segment of the occipital artery was found to be 1.24 mm (standard error = 0.15). The mean occipital artery length was set to 131.93 mm (standard error = 3.02). In conclusion, the authors of the present study believe that this is the most accurate and up-to-date meta-analysis regarding the anatomy of the occipital artery. Knowledge about this structure can be of great use when performing revascularization procedures, such as the occipital artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery bypass, or reconstructive procedures, such as the occipital artery fascial flap.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Revascularization , Cerebral Revascularization/methods , Vertebral Artery , Carotid Artery, ExternalABSTRACT
El trauma facial severo y sus secuelas siguen siendo una causa importante de defectos funcionales y estéticos. La reconstrucción de los labios y de la región perioral debe proporcionar al paciente un resultado estético y también funcional para asegurar el éxito del tratamiento. En la literatura existen múltiples opciones y técnicas quirúrgicas para la reconstrucción de esta zona anatómica.El objetivo del siguiente trabajo es presentar un caso clínico de una paciente con secuela de incompetencia del esfínter oral secundaria a trauma facial, a quien se le realizó reconstrucción con colgajo nasolabial (gate flap) bilateral, modificando la técnica original propuesta por Fujimori.
Severe facial trauma and its sequelae continue to be an important cause of functional and aesthetic defects. The reconstruction of the lips and the perioral region must provide the patient with an aesthetic and functional result to guarantee the success of the treatment. In the literature there are multiple options and surgical techniques for the reconstruction of this anatomical area.The objective of this paper is to present the clinical case of a patient with an oral sphincter incompetence sequel secondary to facial trauma, and its reconstruction with bilateral gate flap, modifying the original technique proposed by Fujimori. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Surgery, Plastic , Facial Injuries , Post Disaster Reconstruction , Lip , Nasolabial FoldABSTRACT
The cheek is the largest facial unit with a prominent position on the face. Trauma, burns, and the resection of skin cancers constitute common sources of injury, potentially resulting in defects that, through natural healing, produce noticeable scarring. Surgical repair focuses on the reformation of three-dimensional geometries, proper establishment of symmetry, and the minimization of color and texture discrepancies to the surrounding. Defects located in this region may extend to the orbital, nasal, or buccal units and cause unique structural and functional disturbances. Furthermore, without appropriate repair, full-thickness defects involving the buccal mucosa may result in oral dysfunction. In this article, the authors provide a framework to approach various cheek defects and provide a review of the host of ideologies and techniques.