Sustainable double-synergistic silver-hydroxyapatite composite catalyst derived from fish bones for efficient disinfection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a food-borne pathogen that poses a serious threat to seafood safety and human health. An efficient, nontoxic, and sustainable disinfection material with a stable structure is urgently needed. Herein, silver (Ag)-hydroxyapatite (HAP) composite catalysts were prepared using HAP derived from waste fish bones. The Ag2.50%-HAP showed a 100% disinfection rate against V. parahaemolyticus, disinfecting nearly 7.0 lg CFU mL-1 within 15 min at a low concentration of 300 µg mL-1. This efficient disinfection activity could be attributed to the double-synergistic effect of Ag and superoxide radicals, which resulted in the destruction of bacterial cell structures and the leakage of intracellular proteins. Importantly, the composite also exhibited high activity in controlling the growth of pathogens during the storage process of Penaeus vannamei. These findings provided sustainable composite catalysts for disinfecting V. parahaemolyticus in seafood and a high-value utilization strategy for waste fish bones.

Penetrating hypopharyngeal foreign body impalement of the thyroid gland: A case report of rare complication of ingested fish bone.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Foreign body ingestion complicated by hypopharyngeal perforation is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition. Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial to prevent serious complications. We present an extremely rare case highlighting the importance of this clinical entity. CASE PRESENTATION: A 60-year-old female presented with odynophagia 10 days after ingesting fish and chicken. Imaging revealed a linear foreign body penetrating through the left lateral hypopharyngeal wall into the left thyroid lobe, with surrounding inflammatory changes. The patient underwent neck exploration, which identified a sharp fishbone lodged in the postero-medial aspect of the left thyroid lobe, necessitating a left hemithyroidectomy for removal. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of hypopharyngeal perforation by an ingested foreign body penetrating the thyroid gland itself. Despite its rarity, early recognition is crucial to prevent complications like abscess, mediastinitis, and mortality. A high index of suspicion is needed in patients with odynophagia or neck pain after ingesting fish. Advanced imaging and surgical intervention may be required for the management of larger perforations or those involving surrounding structures. CONCLUSION: This unique case highlights an extremely rare presentation of hypopharyngeal perforation with extension into the thyroid gland caused by an ingested fish bone. Prompt diagnosis through appropriate imaging and treatment with surgical exploration and foreign body removal was key to ensuring a positive outcome. Increased awareness of this potential complication is essential among clinicians.

Unexpected Culprit: Unveiling a Unique Case of Appendicitis Triggered by a Foreign Object.

Appendicitis is a common surgical emergency marked by inflammation of the appendix, often due to blockage of the appendix lumen by fecoliths, lymphoid hyperplasia, or neoplasms. While various causes are known, appendicitis triggered by a foreign body (FB) is exceptionally rare. This case report highlights a rare presentation of appendicitis in a 32-year-old male with no significant medical history, who presented with acute lower right abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting. Initial evaluation suggested appendicitis, further supported by laboratory findings and diagnostic imaging revealing a retrocecal appendix with surrounding inflammation. Remarkably, an FB, a fish bone, was discovered lodged within the perforated appendix, elucidating the unusual etiology. Emergency laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis and facilitated prompt surgical intervention. This case underscores the importance of thorough evaluation and consideration of uncommon causes in patients presenting with acute abdominal pain, illustrating the critical role of detailed history-taking and clinical acumen in guiding management decisions and ensuring favorable patient outcomes.

Risk factor analysis and model construction for fish bone foreign body in children's pharynx.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the risk factors for predicting the presence of fish bone foreign bodies and to develop a risk prediction model. METHODS: Data of 1405 children who underwent video-guided laryngoscope for suspected fish bone foreign body ingestion were retrospectively analyzed. Multi-factor logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the risk factors for the presence of fish bone foreign body in patients, and a risk prediction model was established based on the results of the logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The results of the statistical analysis showed the presence of an ulcerated surface increased the risk of having a fishbone foreign body in the pharynx by approximately 55.36-fold (95 % confidence interval (CI): 15.78-194.24), followed by a clear chief complaint site, which increased the risk of having a fishbone foreign body in the pharynx by approximately 7.963-fold (95 % CI: 4.820-13.15), and a tingling sensation, which increased the risk of having a fishbone foreign body by approximately 7-fold (95 % CI: 3.483, 14.233). A clinical prediction model (nomogram) was developed and its validation was performed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, in which an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.808 indicated that the model had a great prediction capability. CONCLUSION: The predictive capability of a logistic regression model for the detection of fish bone foreign bodies following ingestion is significant. Clinicians can concentrate on monitoring these risk factors and implementing appropriate interventions to reduce the risks of patients presenting with fish bone foreign bodies.

Fishing Out a Bone From the Neck.

Foreign body ingestion is a common medical issue in Asian populations. Fish bones are the most commonly ingested foreign bodies due to the practice of cooking fish whole with bones intact, unlike in Western countries where fish are typically prepared as fillets or patties. Patients who have swallowed fish bones usually present with foreign body sensations, odynophagia, and pricking sensations during deglutination. Fish bones can generally be removed in an outpatient setting, but in some cases, patients must be placed under general anesthesia, where rigid esophagoscopy is performed. In some cases, neck exploration is required to extricate the bone. Here, we report the case of a 71-year-old man who underwent neck exploration for a 2.1 cm fish bone lateral to his thyroid cartilage, penetrating the left thyroid lobe.

Migratory Fish Bone in the Hyoglossus: Catch Me if You Can.

Foreign body ingestion is one of the most frequently encountered cases in otorhinolaryngology and most of the cases can be managed non-operatively. If left untreated, migration of foreign bodies can occur and presents a significant challenge in patient management. We hereby describe the case of an elderly gentleman who had a preceding history of fish bone ingestion and complained of dysphagia for two days. Clinical examination revealed swelling of the right vallecula with minimal pus discharge. Computed tomography (CT) of the neck confirmed the diagnosis of a migratory foreign body in the neck. He underwent open neck exploration and foreign body removal under intraoperative fluoroscopy guidance. A high index of suspicion of a migratory foreign body is warranted in cases of persistent, unresolved symptoms with the failure of endoscopic evaluation to detect the foreign body. Migratory foreign body of the neck may cause life-threatening complications and requires early surgical intervention.

Ensuring that ingested fishbones that migrate to the neck are located, diagnosed, and removed early.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this retrospective study was to explore the clinical characteristics of and diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for the removal of fish bones that migrate to the neck. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical data of 30 patients over the past 12 years who underwent neck surgery in our otorhinolaryngology department for the migration of fish bones from the throat. The location of fish bones and the positivity rate of different examination methods (neck CT and B-ultrasound) were evaluated statistically. The diagnosis and treatment strategy for fish bone migration to the neck was also summarized. RESULTS: A total of 24 patients had a history of foreign body ingestion. The duration from foreign body ingestion to the appearance of symptoms in the neck ranged from 26 to 151 days, with a median of 50 days (interquartile range, 32-86 days). Among the 24 patients with fish bones located in the front or side of the neck, 50% (12/24) and 100% (24/24) of whom had positive neck CT and B-ultrasound results, respectively. Additionally, for 6 patients with fish bones in the retropharyngeal space, the positive rate for neck CT was 100%, whereas neck B-ultrasound showed negative results due to the air and depth in the trachea and esophagus. A strong correlation was observed between the length of fish bones detected by B-ultrasound and CT and the actual length. Indeed, no significant difference was observed between the length of fish bone determined by B-ultrasound and the actual length. In patients with fish bones located in the anterior and lateral neck regions, the foreign bodies were successfully removed by a lateral cervical approach operation (23/24). For the 6 cases with fish bones located in the retropharyngeal space, all (6/6) were removed by incising the posterior pharyngeal wall with assistance from transoral endoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: The techniques of B-ultrasound and CT have advantages for the diagnosis of migratory foreign bodies in the neck. Although B-ultrasound is more accurate for estimating the length of migratory fish bones in the neck, a combination of both methods can improve the preoperative positive rate of diagnosis. Therefore, a variety of surgical approaches should be employed to manage the different locations of cervical foreign bodies.

Ingested Australasian Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) Bone Migration to C5 Vertebral Body.

Fishbone ingestion has been reported multiple times previously as a cause of oesophageal perforation. This is a surgical emergency that needs to be identified early to ensure immediate medical attention. This report presents the case of a 70-year-old patient with laryngeal perforation and the migration of a Chrysophrys auratus (Australasian snapper) fishbone to the C5 vertebral body. It is hypothesized that the fishbone migrated from the larynx to the visceral fascia and prevertebral fascia before lodging in between the intramuscular substance of the longus coli muscle. Multiple imaging modalities were used to identify and locate the foreign body, including flexible nasopharyngoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck. The exploration of the neck was done by the ENT team and the orthopaedic spine team via the left anterior cervical approach at the level of the C5 and C6 vertebral bodies. The foreign body was identified (15 mm fishbone) at the left lateral of the C5 body, lodged between the intramuscular substance of the longus coli muscle, and was successfully removed.

Liver Abscess Due to Migrated Foreign Body.

Liver abscess secondary to a migrated foreign body (fish bone) is a rare entity where early diagnosis helps in management and thereby improves the prognosis. We present a unique case of a 47-year-old hypertensive man who presented with high-grade fever, chills, rigors, and abdominal pain. On evaluation, he was found to have a liver abscess secondary to a foreign body (fish bone), although no history of foreign body ingestion was recalled by the patient. Drainage of liver abscess and removal of the foreign body comprise the treatment of choice. We report the successful management of a patient with liver abscess from a migrated fish bone. This case underscores the importance of considering foreign body ingestion as a potential cause of liver abscess, even when patients cannot recall such an event. Timely diagnosis and intervention, along with advances in imaging techniques, contribute to successful outcomes in these rare but challenging cases.

Production of Biocalcium from Fermented Fish Bone Residue for Fish Emulsion Sausage Fortification.

Fermented fish bone residue (FFBR) is an underused by-product of the industrial-scale production of fermented fish sauce. Subjecting FFBR to proper alkaline treatment can transform FFBR into biocalcium, which can be added to fish emulsion sausage (FES) to increase its calcium content. This study comprised two experiments. First, we aimed to find the most suitable alkaline treatment conditions for preparing biocalcium from FFBR. Alkaline treatments combining three sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations (0%, 3%, and 6%) and three soaking times (0, 1, and 2 h) were tested. Quality parameters of alkaline-treated biocalcium (crude protein, crude fat, ash content, calcium, phosphorus, crude fiber, salt content, CIE color values, morphology of biocalcium particles, and the intensity of the fermented fish smell) were assessed. Second, we fortified FES with the properly treated biocalcium (0, 12, 24, or 36 g) and evaluated the sausage's calcium, phosphorus, crude fiber, salt content, pH, CIE color values, texture profile analysis (TPA), emulsion stability, and sensory criteria. It was found that treatment with 3% or 6% NaOH produced better crude protein, ash content, calcium, and CIE color value results than no alkaline treatment. These two NaOH concentrations effectively lowered the salt content and the intensity of the fermented fish smell. However, 3% and 6% NaOH produced similar results. A soaking time of 1 h or 2 h produced better results than no soaking in terms of crude protein, crude fat, ash content, calcium, phosphorus, CIE color values, and the intensity of fermented fish smell. However, 1 h and 2 h produced similar results. It is concluded that 3% NaOH and soaking for 1 h would be the most suitable alkaline treatment to prepare biocalcium from FFBR. Fortifying FES with biocalcium from FFBR increased the calcium and phosphorus contents but slightly reduced TPA. The other FES quality parameters were unaffected by biocalcium fortification.

PMMA bone cement with L-arginine/nano fish bone nanocomplex for apatite formation.

Bone cement is one of the materials used in orthopaedics that serves various functions, such as binding bone implants, replacing damaged bones and filling spaces within bones. Various materials have been used to synthesize bone cement, and one promising material for further research is fish bone waste-based bone cement. This study investigates the potential of fish bone waste-based bone cement by incorporating nano fish bone (NFB) and L-arginine (L-Arg) protein into polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to examine apatite growth. NFB derived from the Salmo salar fish positively influences osteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation, while L-Arg enhances biocompatibility and antibiotic properties. The NFB/L-Arg combination holds promise in accelerating new bone formation and cell growth, both of which are crucial for fracture healing and bone remodelling. Tensile strength tests reveal the superior performance of BC-PMMA-1-NFB/L-Arg (36.11 MPa) compared with commercial PMMA (32 MPa). Immersion tests with simulated body fluid (SBF) solution for 7 days reveal accelerated apatite layer formation, emphasizing the potential benefits of NFB/L-Arg in bone cement applications.

Use of Endoscopy to Remove Fish Bone that Caused Sigmoid Colon Perforation.

An 87-year-old man experiencing lower abdominal discomfort resulting from the ingestion of a fish bone underwent conservative management involving endoscopic extraction of the fish bone lodged in the sigmoid colon. Most patients with lower gastrointestinal tract perforations typically develop peritonitis or abscesses, necessitating surgical intervention. Notably, endoscopic management of lower gastrointestinal tract perforations is infrequently employed. Patients presenting with localized abdominal symptoms along with a stable overall health condition may benefit from conservative therapeutic approaches that utilize endoscopic methods. Notably, the transition from endoscopic procedures for foreign body removal to surgical intervention requires close collaboration with a surgeon and must be executed judiciously.

Obstructive pneumonia with bronchial foreign body: A case report.

The age of predilection for foreign body aspiration into the lower airway shows a bimodal distribution, with the majority of cases occurring in children or infants and in the elderly. Although several pediatric airway foreign bodies have been summarized, in adults, bronchial foreign bodies are relatively uncommon. There are a variety of symptoms induced by airway foreign bodies, although the typical symptoms of some bronchial foreign bodies are cough. Bronchial foreign bodies, especially in the elderly, may have few symptoms and it is necessary for careful identification. Therefore, it is very important to carefully perform medical consultations about current and past medical history. Herein, we report a case of an elderly Japanese with obstructive pneumonia with a bronchial foreign body of fish bone with a long history of cough. It is known that people in some countries such as Japan have a habit of eating fish. Therefore, it is necessary to more carefully explore the possibility of some bronchial foreign body such as a fish bone, when we observe symptoms of persistent cough in such countries.

Combination of gastroscopy and fibro­bronchoscopy facilitates removal of incarcerated fish bone in the esophagus: A case report.

Esophageal foreign body impaction is a notable clinical emergency. If the high-risk esophageal foreign bodies are not removed in time, life-threatening complications, such as perforation, infection and injury to the vessels, may occur. In the present study, the case of a patient experiencing a foreign body sensation in the throat after ingesting a fish bone by mistake is presented. A high risk of impending arterial puncture was confirmed using thoracic CT and thoracic aorta CT angiography scanning. The ends of the fish bone were first confirmed using a fibro-bronchoscopy light source passing through the bronchial and esophageal walls, before biopsy forceps were used to successively free the thoracic aorta and bronchial ends under gastroscopy. Finally, the fish bone was safely removed using a combination of gastroscopy and the rarely used fibro-bronchoscopy, and the patient recovered well after standard care. In certain cases of foreign bodies, it is necessary to use multiple strategies in a timely manner according to the type and location of the ingested foreign body.

Fabrication of a Fish-Bone-Inspired Inorganic-Organic Composite Membrane.

Biological materials have properties like great strength and flexibility that are not present in synthetic materials. Using the ribs of crucian carp as a reference, we investigated the mechanisms behind the high mechanical properties of this rib bone, and found highly oriented layers of calcium phosphate (CaP) and collagen fibers. To fabricate a fish-rib-bone-mimicking membrane with similar structure and mechanical properties, this study involves (1) the rapid synthesis of plate-like CaP crystals, (2) the layering of CaP-gelatin hydrogels by gradual drying, and (3) controlling the shape of composite membranes using porous gypsum molds. Finally, as a result of optimizing the compositional ratio of CaP filler and gelatin hydrogel, a CaP filler content of 40% provided the optimal mechanical properties of toughness and stiffness similar to fish bone. Due to the rigidity, flexibility, and ease of shape control of the composite membrane materials, this membrane could be applied as a guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane.

Patterns description of hyperostosis observed in Atlantic moonfish Selene setapinnis and lookdown Selene vomer.

Hyperostosis manifests itself and develops differently in taxonomically related species. Radiographic images of individuals belonging to different size classes of Atlantic Moonfish Selene setapinnis and Lookdown Selene vomer were obtained from two different estuarine areas of Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. In S. setapinnis, hyperostosis occurred in 65.22% of the specimens analyzed in three different skeletal regions. All specimens of S. vomer had hyperostosis in four regions. Patterns of occurrence were detected in both species, and the affected regions did not coincide in the same bone region, except for the cleithrum. Hyperostosis in S. setapinnis were observed in high frequencies of seventh dorsal pterygiophore, whereas in specimens of S. vomer this condition was detected to a greater extent in the neural spines of the second abdominal vertebra and first to third caudal vertebrae. The data demonstrated a relationship between the sexual maturity and the occurrence and development of hyperostotic bones in ageing process of individuals. It is the first description of S. vomer with a hyperostosis phenomenon for the species on the Brazilian coast.

CT diagnosis and laparoscopic treatment of hepatic abscess secondary to fish bone transmigration through the stomach wall.

Accidental ingestion of fish bones can potentially lead to serious complications like perforation of the alimentary tract and the formation of abscesses in adjacent organs. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of the etiology of hepatic abscesses is critical to prevent clinical deterioration and poor outcomes. Notably, fish bones can be subtle in imaging studies and erroneously interpreted as calcifications, vessels, or artifacts potentially delaying diagnosis and management. Further complicating medical management, fish bones can be seeded with oral microflora which may not be effectively targeted by empiric antibiotics. Patients presenting with an occult hepatic abscess often have repeated visits to the emergency department with vague symptomology and abdominal pain without recollection of any precipitating events. In this case report, a multidisciplinary approach, including a high index of suspicion applied to CT imaging, was vital in identifying a foreign body within an abscess localized between the greater curvature of the stomach and left liver lobe. The foreign body, mimicking an intraperitoneal calcification, was a fish bone that had transmigrated through the stomach wall into the liver lobe. Once identified, definitive treatment included laparoscopic drainage of the abscess, extraction of the foreign body, and coverage with broad-spectrum antibiotics.