White mullet Mugil curema population structure from Mexico and Brazil revealed by otolith chemistry.

The white mullet Mugil curema supports several fisheries in the neotropical region; nevertheless, the population structure is still elusive. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of adult management units and nursery areas from five sampling sites throughout the Gulf of Mexico and northern Brazil using otolith microchemistry. The Li/Ca, Na/Ca, Mn/Ca, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca and Pb/Ca ratios were measured in otolith core (juvenile stage) and edge (adult stage) (N = 131) using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Several ratios were significantly different between sampling sites for core and edge (P < 0.05). For otolith edge, permutational multivariate analysis of variance showed significant differences (P < 0.05) between all sampling sites from Mexico (except between Mecoacán and Tamiahua, P > 0.05) and between Mexico (pooled samples) and Brazil. Quadratic discriminant analyses showed jackknifed classification higher in the edge (66.6% and 99.5% for Mexico and Brazil plus Mexico, respectively) than in the core (46.3% and 76.5% Mexico and Brazil plus Mexico, respectively). The two cluster analyses based on the core microchemistry (Mexico and Brazil plus Mexico) produced three main clusters, which did not coincide with catchment areas. These results support the segregation of the M. curema adult life stages among several sampling sites from Mexico and Brazil; moreover, core analysis suggested that the nursery areas did not correspond to the capture sites or adults stocks.

Using stock assessment to investigate the sustainable fisheries of the yellow mandi Pimelodus maculatus in the upper Uruguay River, southern Brazil / Uso da avaliação de estoque para investigar a sustentabilidade da pesca do pintado-amarelo Pimelodus maculatus no alto Rio Uruguai, sul do Brasil

The yellow mandi Pimelodus maculatus is a medium-sized species with a wide geographical distribution. The species is very common in the Neotropical region, representing an important share of fishing activity in several Brazilian reservoirs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the current situation of the yellow mandi fish stock in the Itá reservoir, located in the Upper Uruguay River. Data collected from January 2004 to December 2016 were used to estimate growth, mortality, and fish recruitment rates. In addition, a stock assessment was performed, and the results were used to verify the status of the fishery. The mean of the population parameters were: total length (L) = 55.65 cm; length at which 50% of fish are vulnerable to capture (Lc) = 23.08 cm, growth rate (k) = 0.260 year-1, growth performance index (Ø) = 3.047, natural mortality rate (M) = 0.537, fishing mortality rate (F) = 0.413, total mortality rate (Z) = 0.95, exploitation rate (E) = 0.434, maximum age (Tmax) = 6.68 years. The growth curve obtained via ELEFAN I revealed that fishing operates on eight of the eleven cohorts of the population. Yellow mandi stock assessment did not show signs of fish overexploitation or any risk of depletion.(AU)

O pintado-amarelo Pimelodus maculatus é uma espécie de médio porte com ampla distribuição geográfica. Na região Neotropical é muito comum, apresentando importante participação na pesca em diversos reservatórios brasileiros. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a situação atual do estoque pesqueiro do pintado-amarelo no reservatório de Itá, situado no alto rio Uruguai. Dados coletados no período de janeiro de 2004 a dezembro de 2016 foram utilizados para estimar as taxas de crescimento, mortalidade e recrutamento para a pesca. Adicionalmente foi realizada a avaliação do estoque e os resultados foram utilizados para verificar o estado da pescaria. A média dos parâmetros populacionais foram: comprimento total = 55,65cm (L), comprimento no qual 50% da população está vulnerável à captura = 23,08cm (Lc), taxa de crescimento = 0,260 ano-1 (k), índice de performance de crescimento = 3,047 (Ø), taxa de mortalidade natural = 0,537 (M), taxa de mortalidade por pesca = 0,413 (F), taxa de mortalidade total = 0,95 (Z), taxa de explotação = 0,434 (E), longevidade máxima = 6,68 anos (Tmax). Através da curva de crescimento obtida pelo ELEFAN I foi possível observar que a pesca atua sobre oito das onze coortes da população. O estoque do pintado-amarelo não apresentou sinais de sobreexplotação nem risco de depleção da espécie durante o período estudado.(AU)

Using stock assessment to investigate the sustainable fisheries of the yellow mandi Pimelodus maculatus in the upper Uruguay River, southern Brazil / Uso da avaliação de estoque para investigar a sustentabilidade da pesca do pintado-amarelo Pimelodus maculatus no alto Rio Uruguai, sul do Brasil

The yellow mandi Pimelodus maculatus is a medium-sized species with a wide geographical distribution. The species is very common in the Neotropical region, representing an important share of fishing activity in several Brazilian reservoirs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the current situation of the yellow mandi fish stock in the Itá reservoir, located in the Upper Uruguay River. Data collected from January 2004 to December 2016 were used to estimate growth, mortality, and fish recruitment rates. In addition, a stock assessment was performed, and the results were used to verify the status of the fishery. The mean of the population parameters were: total length (L) = 55.65 cm; length at which 50% of fish are vulnerable to capture (Lc) = 23.08 cm, growth rate (k) = 0.260 year-1, growth performance index (Ø) = 3.047, natural mortality rate (M) = 0.537, fishing mortality rate (F) = 0.413, total mortality rate (Z) = 0.95, exploitation rate (E) = 0.434, maximum age (Tmax) = 6.68 years. The growth curve obtained via ELEFAN I revealed that fishing operates on eight of the eleven cohorts of the population. Yellow mandi stock assessment did not show signs of fish overexploitation or any risk of depletion.

O pintado-amarelo Pimelodus maculatus é uma espécie de médio porte com ampla distribuição geográfica. Na região Neotropical é muito comum, apresentando importante participação na pesca em diversos reservatórios brasileiros. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a situação atual do estoque pesqueiro do pintado-amarelo no reservatório de Itá, situado no alto rio Uruguai. Dados coletados no período de janeiro de 2004 a dezembro de 2016 foram utilizados para estimar as taxas de crescimento, mortalidade e recrutamento para a pesca. Adicionalmente foi realizada a avaliação do estoque e os resultados foram utilizados para verificar o estado da pescaria. A média dos parâmetros populacionais foram: comprimento total = 55,65cm (L), comprimento no qual 50% da população está vulnerável à captura = 23,08cm (Lc), taxa de crescimento = 0,260 ano-1 (k), índice de performance de crescimento = 3,047 (Ø), taxa de mortalidade natural = 0,537 (M), taxa de mortalidade por pesca = 0,413 (F), taxa de mortalidade total = 0,95 (Z), taxa de explotação = 0,434 (E), longevidade máxima = 6,68 anos (Tmax). Através da curva de crescimento obtida pelo ELEFAN I foi possível observar que a pesca atua sobre oito das onze coortes da população. O estoque do pintado-amarelo não apresentou sinais de sobreexplotação nem risco de depleção da espécie durante o período estudado.

Use of otolith strontium: calcium and zinc:calcium ratios as an indicator of the habitat of Percophis brasiliensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

We evaluate the simultaneous use of Sr: Ca and Zn: Ca ratios of the sagitta otolith as a potential indicator of the habitat of Percophis brasiliensis along a latitudinal gradient in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean (34-42ºS and 51-67ºW), in order to reliably identify fish stocks. Fish were collected in three sampling sites: Argentine-Uruguayan Common Fishing Zone (AUCFZ), El Rincón (ER) and San Matías Gulf (SMG). The otolith Sr:Ca and Zn:Ca ratios were determined by ICP-OES and EDTA volumetric method. The otolith Sr:Ca ratio was similar in the three sampling sites, while the Zn:Ca ratio was significantly higher in AUCFZ than in ER and SMG for all age groups. The discriminant analysis showed an association between the otolith Sr:Ca and Zn:Ca ratios from ER and SMG. Present results suggest the potential occurrence of two fish stocks of P. brasiliensis in the study area.(AU)

Evaluamos el uso simultáneo de las relaciones Sr:Ca y Zn:Ca de los otolitos sagittae como un potencial indicador de hábitat de Percophis brasiliensis a lo largo de un gradiente longitudinal el Atlántico sudoccidental (34-42ºS - 51-67ºW) con el fin de contribuir a la identificación de los stocks pesqueros. Los peces fueron capturados en tres sitios de muestreo: Zona Común de Pesca Argentina-Uruguaya (ZCPAU), El Rincón (ER) y el Golfo San Matías (GSM). Las relaciones Sr:Ca y Zn:Ca se determinaron por ICP-OES y por titulación con EDTA. La relación Sr:Ca fue similar en los tres sitios de muestreo. La relación Zn:Ca fue mayor en la ZCPAU que en las demás areas (ER y GSM) para todos los rangos de edad. El análisis discriminante mostró una asociación entre las relaciones Sr:Ca y Zn:Ca de ER y GSM. Los resultados de este trabajo sugieren la presencia de al menos dos stocks de P. brasiliensis en el aérea de estudio.(AU)

Use of otolith strontium: calcium and zinc:calcium ratios as an indicator of the habitat of Percophis brasiliensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

We evaluate the simultaneous use of Sr: Ca and Zn: Ca ratios of the sagitta otolith as a potential indicator of the habitat of Percophis brasiliensis along a latitudinal gradient in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean (34-42ºS and 51-67ºW), in order to reliably identify fish stocks. Fish were collected in three sampling sites: Argentine-Uruguayan Common Fishing Zone (AUCFZ), El Rincón (ER) and San Matías Gulf (SMG). The otolith Sr:Ca and Zn:Ca ratios were determined by ICP-OES and EDTA volumetric method. The otolith Sr:Ca ratio was similar in the three sampling sites, while the Zn:Ca ratio was significantly higher in AUCFZ than in ER and SMG for all age groups. The discriminant analysis showed an association between the otolith Sr:Ca and Zn:Ca ratios from ER and SMG. Present results suggest the potential occurrence of two fish stocks of P. brasiliensis in the study area.

Evaluamos el uso simultáneo de las relaciones Sr:Ca y Zn:Ca de los otolitos sagittae como un potencial indicador de hábitat de Percophis brasiliensis a lo largo de un gradiente longitudinal el Atlántico sudoccidental (34-42ºS - 51-67ºW) con el fin de contribuir a la identificación de los stocks pesqueros. Los peces fueron capturados en tres sitios de muestreo: Zona Común de Pesca Argentina-Uruguaya (ZCPAU), El Rincón (ER) y el Golfo San Matías (GSM). Las relaciones Sr:Ca y Zn:Ca se determinaron por ICP-OES y por titulación con EDTA. La relación Sr:Ca fue similar en los tres sitios de muestreo. La relación Zn:Ca fue mayor en la ZCPAU que en las demás areas (ER y GSM) para todos los rangos de edad. El análisis discriminante mostró una asociación entre las relaciones Sr:Ca y Zn:Ca de ER y GSM. Los resultados de este trabajo sugieren la presencia de al menos dos stocks de P. brasiliensis en el aérea de estudio.