Detection of atmospheric aerosols and terrestrial nanoparticles collected in a populous city in southern Brazil.

The main objective of this study is to analyze hazardous elements in nanoparticles (NPs) (smaller than 100 nm) and ultrafine particles (smaller than 1 µm) in Porto Alegre City, southern Brazil using a self-made passive sampler and Sentinel-3B SYN satellite images in 32 collection points. The Aerosol Optical Thickness proportion (T550) identification was conducted using images of the Sentinel-3B SYN satellite at 634 points sampled in 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy analyses were performed to identify chemical elements present in NPs and ultrafine particles, followed by single-stage cascade impactor to be processed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. This process was coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and later analysis via secondary ion mass spectrometry. Data was acquired from Sentinel-3B SYN images, normalized to a standard mean of 0.83 µg/mg, at moderate spatial resolution (260 m), and modeled in the Sentinel Application Platform (SNAP) software v.8.0. Statistical matrix data was generated in the JASP software (Jeffreys's Amazing Statistics Program) v.0.14.1.0 followed by a K-means cluster analysis. The results demonstrate the presence of between 1 and 100 nm particles of the following chemical elements: Si, Al, K, Mg, P, and Ti. Many people go through these areas daily and may inhale or absorb these elements that can harm human health. In the Sentinel-3B SYN satellite images, the sum of squares in cluster 6 is 168,265 and in cluster 7 a total of 21,583. The use of images from the Sentinel-3B SYN satellite to obtain T550 levels is of great importance as it reveals that atmospheric pollution can move through air currents contaminating large areas on a global scale.

Nanoparticles containing hazardous elements and the spatial optics of the Sentinel-3B OLCI satellite in Amazonian rivers: a potential tool to understand environmental impacts.

The Amazon River is the longest river in the world. The Tapajós River is a tributary to the Amazon. At their junction, a marked decrease in water quality is evident from negative impacts from the constant activity of clandestine gold mining in the Tapajós River watershed. The accumulation of hazardous elements (HEs), capable of compromising environmental quality across large regions is evident in the waters of the Tapajós. Sentinel-3B OLCI (Ocean Land Color Instrument) Level-2 satellite imagery with Water Full Resolution (WFR) of 300 m was utilized to detect the highest potential for the absorption coefficient of detritus and gelbstoff in 443 m-1 (ADG443_NN), chlorophyll-a (CHL_NN) and total suspended matter concentration (TSM_NN), at 25 points in the Amazon and Tapajós rivers (in 2019 and 2021). Physical samples of riverbed sediment collected in the field at the same locations were analyzed for NPs and ultra-fine particles to verify the geospatial findings. The riverbed sediment samples collected in the field were studied by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), with selected area electron diffraction (SAED), following laboratory analytical procedures. The Sentinel-3B OLCI images, based on the Neural Network (NN) were calibrated by the European Space Agency (ESA), with a standard average normalization of 0.83 µg/mg, containing a maximum error of 6.62% applied to the sampled points. The analysis of the riverbed sediment samples revealed the presence of the following hazardous elements: As, Hg, La, Ce, Th, Pb, Pd, among several others. The Amazon River has significant potential to transport ADG443_NN (55.475 m-1) and TSM_NN (70.787 gm-3) in sediments, with the possibility of negatively impacting marine biodiversity, in addition to being harmful to human health over very large regions.

Proyectos futuros de un grupo de jóvenes alcohólicos / Future projects of a group of young alcoholics

INTRODUCCIÓN: el trabajo con los proyectos futuros de cada uno de los jóvenes alcohólicos, después de insertados y dados de alta de un proceso de deshabituación, constituye un pilar esencial con vistas a la reinserción social y en la prevención de recaídas. OBJETIVO: caracterizar los proyectos futuros de jóvenes alcohólicos de La Habana que asistieron a terapia de rehabilitación. MÉTODOS: estudio observacional y descriptivo de corte vertical. Se aplicaron cuestionarios abiertos y cerrados sobre proyectos de vida a 20 jóvenes que asistieron a terapia de rehabilitación en enero de 2013. Los resultados se expresaron en frecuencias absolutas y relativas. RESULTADOS: los jóvenes expresan en su mayoría más de siete proyectos futuros, los que se orientan a la salud y a la familia. Las estrategias se encuentran parcialmente estructuradas, la temporalidad de los proyectos se concibe a corto plazo y los obstáculos se prevén como mixtos. CONCLUSIONES: no existen diferencias entre los jóvenes estudiados con respecto a investigaciones anteriores realizadas en muestras con características afines, las esferas a la que hacen referencia los proyectos y cada uno de los indicadores se manifiesta de modo similar.

INTRODUCTION: working with future projects of each alcoholic young person, after being inserted and discharged from a detoxification process, is an essential pillar in order to aftercare and relapse prevention. OBJECTIVE: to characterize the future projects of alcoholic young persons in Havana attending rehabilitation therapy. METHODS: an observational and descriptive study of vertical cut was conducted. Open and closed questionnaires on life projects were applied to 20 young persons who attended rehabilitation therapy in January 2013. The questionnaires results were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies. RESULTS: these subjects mostly stated more than seven future projects, aiming health and family. The partially structured strategies were found, the timing of projects was conceived in the short term and obstacles were foreseen as mixed. CONCLUSIONS: there are no differences between young persons studied with respect to previous research conducted on samples with similar characteristics; referring spheres to project and each of the indicators are similarly expressed.

Proyectos futuros de un grupo de jóvenes alcohólicos / Future projects of a group of young alcoholics

Introducción: el trabajo con los proyectos futuros de cada uno de los jóvenes alcohólicos, después de insertados y dados de alta de un proceso de deshabituación, constituye un pilar esencial con vistas a la reinserción social y en la prevención de recaídas.Objetivo: caracterizar los proyectos futuros de jóvenes alcohólicos de La Habana que asistieron a terapia de rehabilitación. Métodos: estudio observacional y descriptivo de corte vertical. Se aplicaron cuestionarios abiertos y cerrados sobre proyectos de vida a 20 jóvenes que asistieron a terapia de rehabilitación en enero de 2013. Los resultados se expresaron en frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: los jóvenes expresan en su mayoría más de siete proyectos futuros, los que se orientan a la salud y a la familia. Las estrategias se encuentran parcialmente estructuradas, la temporalidad de los proyectos se concibe a corto plazo y los obstáculos se prevén como mixtos. Conclusiones: no existen diferencias entre los jóvenes estudiados con respecto a investigaciones anteriores realizadas en muestras con características afines, las esferas a la que hacen referencia los proyectos y cada uno de los indicadores se manifiesta de modo similar(AU)

Introduction: working with future projects of each alcoholic young person, after being inserted and discharged from a detoxification process, is an essential pillar in order to aftercare and relapse prevention.Objective: to characterize the future projects of alcoholic young persons in Havana attending rehabilitation therapy. Methods: an observational and descriptive study of vertical cut was conducted. Open and closed questionnaires on life projects were applied to 20 young persons who attended rehabilitation therapy in January 2013. The questionnaires results were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies. Results: these subjects mostly stated more than seven future projects, aiming health and family. The partially structured strategies were found, the timing of projects was conceived in the short term and obstacles were foreseen as mixed. Conclusions: there are no differences between young persons studied with respect to previous research conducted on samples with similar characteristics; referring spheres to project and each of the indicators are similarly expressed(AU)

El significado del estudio y de la escuela a lo largo de la escuela media / The meaning of study and school throughout the secondary school

Este trabajo se focaliza en el estudio de las significaciones del estudio y de la escuela, en jóvenes que se encuentran cursando el nivel medio, considerando tres momentos de la trayectoria escolar: primero, tercero y quinto año. La metodología de la investigación es cuantitativa. Se tomaron 1546 cuestionarios autoadministrables a alumnos de escuelas medias públicas de la C.A.B.A., de los cuales 707 eran mujeres y 839 varones. El promedio de edad en primer año fue de 14 años; en tercer año de 16 años y en quinto año de 18 años. Las pruebas utilizadas fueron Significación del Estudio y Significación de la Escuela. Utilizando el test no paramétrico y la prueba de comparaciones múltiples de Kruskal Wallis, se encontró que la significación del estudio y de la escuela de la población de primer año es distinta a la de tercero y quinto.

This paper focuses in the study of the meanings of study and school in young people who are attending middle level, considering three moments of the scholastic trajectory: first, third and fifth year. The investigation's methodology is quantitative.1546 self-managing questionnaires were taken to students attending public secondary schools of the C.A.B.A, of which 707 were women and 839 were men. The average age in first year was of 14 years; in third year of 16 years and fifth year of 18 years. Using the non-parametric test and the test of multiple comparisons of Kruskal Wallis, we conclude that the meaning of study and school of the population attending the first year is different from the one of third and fifth year.